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Hybrid Threats and Grey Zone Conflict by Aurel Sari Pdf
Hybrid Threats and Grey Zone Conflict explores the legal dimension of strategic competition below the threshold of war, assessing the key legal and ethical questions posed for liberal democracies. Bringing together diverse scholarly and practitioner perspectives, the volume introduces readers to the conceptual and practical difficulties arising in this area, the rich debates the topic has generated, and the challenges that countering hybrid threats and grey zone conflict poses for liberal democracies.
Hybrid Warfare and the Gray Zone Threat by Douglas Lovelace Pdf
Terrorism: Commentary on Security Documents is a series that provides primary source documents and expert commentary on various topics relating to the worldwide effort to combat terrorism, as well as efforts by the United States and other nations to protect their national security interests. Volume 141, Hybrid Warfare and the Gray Zone Threat, considers the mutation of the international security environment brought on by decades of unrivaled U.S. conventional military power. The term "hybrid warfare" encompasses conventional warfare, irregular warfare, cyberwarfare, insurgency, criminality, economic blackmail, ethnic warfare, "lawfare", and the application of low-cost but effective technologies to thwart high-cost technologically advanced forces. This volume is divided into five sections covering different aspects of this topic, each of which is introduced by expert commentary written by series editor Douglas C. Lovelace, Jr. This volume contains thirteen useful documents exploring various facets of the shifting international security environment, including a detailed report on hybrid warfare issued by the Joint Special Operations University and a White Paper on special operations forces support to political warfare prepared by the U.S. Army Special Operations Command, as well as a GAO report and a CRS report covering similar topics. Specific coverage is also given to topics such as cybersecurity and cyberwarfare, the efficacy of sanctions in avoiding and deterring hybrid warfare threats, and the intersection of the military and domestic U.S. law enforcement.
Countering Hybrid Threats: Lessons Learned from Ukraine by N. Iancu,A. Fortuna,C. Barna Pdf
The Ukrainian conflict has come to be considered as the most serious geopolitical crisis in Central and Eastern Europe since the end of the Cold War. Its implications extend well beyond the borders of Ukraine, and its impact on the security of the wider Black Sea region is, as yet, neither contained nor fully understood. This book contains 28 articles on the topic of hybrid warfare and related threats, delivered at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) 'Countering Hybrid Threats: Lessons Learned from Ukraine', held in Bucharest, Romania, in September 2015. This event brought together 50 experts from different fields and perspectives, including policymakers, security and intelligence practitioners, and academics. The presentations explored the nature of the Ukrainian conflict and the dynamic evolution of current security threats in Central and Eastern Europe and the Black Sea region with the aim of identifying the key drivers of the conflict and exploring the most efficient instruments and methods for conflict resolution. The book is divided into four sections entitled: challenges of hybrid warfare: multiple perspectives; hybrid war – an old concept with an extensive dimension; counteracting hybrid threats: lessons learned from Ukraine; and finally, the implications of the Ukrainian conflict for regional and Euro-Atlantic security. The book provides a timely reflection on recent events and will be of interest to all those wishing to improve their understanding of hybrid warfare and conflict resolution.
Hybrid Warfare by Mikael Weissmann,Niklas Nilsson,Bjö Palmertz,Per Thunholm Pdf
This book is available as open access through the Bloomsbury Open Access programme and is available on www.bloomsburycollections.com. Hybrid Warfare refers to a military strategy that blends conventional warfare, so-called 'irregular warfare' and cyber-attacks with other influencing methods, such as fake news, diplomacy and foreign political intervention. As Hybrid Warfare becomes increasingly commonplace, there is an imminent need for research bringing attention to how these challenges can be addressed in order to develop a comprehensive approach towards Hybrid Threats and Hybrid Warfare. This volume supports the development of such an approach by bringing together practitioners and scholarly perspectives on the topic and by covering the threats themselves, as well as the tools and means to counter them, together with a number of real-world case studies. The book covers numerous aspects of current Hybrid Warfare discourses including a discussion of the perspectives of key western actors such as NATO, the US and the EU; an analysis of Russia and China's Hybrid Warfare capabilities; and the growing threat of cyberwarfare. A range of global case studies - featuring specific examples from the Baltics, Taiwan, Ukraine, Iran and Catalonia - are drawn upon to demonstrate the employment of Hybrid Warfare tactics and how they have been countered in practice. Finally, the editors propose a new method through which to understand the dynamics of Hybrid Threats, Warfare and their countermeasures, termed the 'Hybridity Blizzard Model'. With a focus on practitioner insight and practicable International Relations theory, this volume is an essential guide to identifying, analysing and countering Hybrid Threats and Warfare.
Hybrid Warfare and Transnational Threats by Adam Smith,Council for Emerging National Security Affairs Pdf
This volume explores key aspects of the emerging international security environment to inform debates about the future of U.S. defense strategy, the changing nature of warfare, and the evolution of American security policy at the start of the twenty-first century. Over twenty chapters provides interdisciplinary perspectives on U.S. national security affairs, focusing on key dimensions of what have been described as hybrid threats that increasingly involve transnational actors. Contributors officers, civilian defense strategists, foreign policy analysts, law enforcement officials, active duty military professionals.
Research Handbook on Mediating International Crises by Jonathan Wilkenfeld,Kyle Beardsley,David Quinn Pdf
Current conceptions of mediation can often fail to capture the complexity and intricacy of modern conflicts. This Research Handbook addresses this problem by presenting the leading expert opinions on international mediation, examining how international mediation practices, mechanisms and institutions should adapt to the changing characteristics of contemporary international crises.
Hybrid Warfare by Mikael Weissmann,Niklas Nilsson,Per Thunholm,Björn Palmertz Pdf
10 Cyberwarfare and the Internet: the Implications of a More Digitalized World Anne-Marie Eklund-Löwinder, Head of Security, The Swedish Internet Foundation and Cryptographic Officer at the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) Anna Djup, Analyst, Information Assurance, Center for Asymmetric Threat Studies (CATS), Swedish Defence University -- 11 The US and Hybrid Challenges: Past, Present and Future Jed Willard, Director of the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Center for Global Engagement, Harvard University -- 12 China's Political Warfare in Taiwan: Strategies, Methods, and Global Implication Dr Gulizar Haciyakupoglu, Research Fellow, the Centre of Excellence for National Security (CENS), S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore. Dr Michael Raska, Assistant Professor, Coordinator of Military Transformations Programme, IDSS, RSIS, Singapore -- 13 Hybrid Warfare in the Baltics Dr Dorthe Bach Nyemann, Associate Professor in International Relations, Institute for Strategy, Royal Danish Defence College -- 14 De-Hybridization and Conflict Narration: Ukraine's Defence against Russian Hybrid Warfare Dr. Niklas Nilsson, Assistant Professor, Co-Convener of the Hybrid Warfare Research Group, Department of Military Studies, Swedish Defence University -- 15 Iran's Hybrid Warfare Capabilities Dr. Rouzbeh Parsi, Head of the Middle East and North Africa Programme, Swedish Institute of International Affairs -- 16 Information Influencing in the Catalan Illegal Referendum and Beyond Dr. Ruben Arcos, Rey Juan Carlos University -- 17 Moving out of the Blizzard: Towards a Comprehensive Approach to Hybrid Threats and Hybrid Warfare Dr. Mikael Weissmann, Dr. Niklas Nilsson, Björn Palmertz.
Hybrid threats posed by various combinations of state and non-state actors have presented considerable transnational challenges to EU-members and NATO-allies. This ongoing rise of hybrid threats, ranging from political instability in Eastern Europe and the Middle East to the resulting mass refugee influx and terrorism in the European neighborhood, stress the need to timely discuss important questions about hybrid threats and the venues for effective Euro-Atlantic cooperation, including post-Brexit policy implications. This edited volume presents comprehensive analyses from various experts on these interrelated issues, and, thus, represents an essential source for scholars and practitioners of European politics and international relations with an interest in contemporary transnational security issues. In addition, this book will be useful as up-to-date coursework material for courses on European security and foreign policy, international security and strategic studies, unconventional warfare, and transatlantic relations.
By Other Means Part II by Kathleen Hicks,Melissa Dalton Pdf
Geopolitical competition is increasingly playing out in the space beyond diplomacy and short of conventional war, sometimes referred to as the gray zone, which is forcing the United States to confront the liabilities of its strengths. This report assesses current U.S. government actions to deter, campaign through, and respond to competitors’ gray zone tactics. Using the campaign planning framework established in By Other Means Part I, it also provides recommendations aimed at ameliorating U.S. liabilities and building on its asymmetries to improve U.S. national security in the presence of rivals’ gray zone approaches.
During the last decade, 'Hybrid Warfare' has become a novel yet controversial term in academic, political and professional military lexicons, intended to suggest some sort of mix between different military and non-military means and methods of confrontation. Enthusiastic discussion of the notion has been undermined by conceptual vagueness and political manipulation, particularly since the onset of the Ukrainian Crisis in early 2014, as ideas about Hybrid Warfare engulf Russia and the West, especially in the media. Western defense and political specialists analyzing Russian responses to the crisis have been quick to confirm that Hybrid Warfare is the Kremlin's main strategy in the twenty-first century. But many respected Russian strategists and political observers contend that it is the West that has been waging Hybrid War, Gibridnaya Voyna, since the end of the Cold War. In this highly topical book, Ofer Fridman offers a clear delineation of the conceptual debates about Hybrid Warfare. What leads Russian experts to say that the West is conducting a Gibridnaya Voyna against Russia, and what do they mean by it? Why do Western observers claim that the Kremlin engages in Hybrid Warfare? And, beyond terminology, is this something genuinely new?
Hybrid Warfare and Transnational Threats by Robert Tomes,William Natter, 3rd,Paul Brister Pdf
As recently reinforced by Deputy Secretary of Defense William J. Lynn III, future wars will be longer, deadlier and involve a more diverse array of enemies than at any other point in history. Alongside luminary security professionals such as Steven Biddle, Frank Hoffman, Martin VanCreveld, and Sebastian Gorka, up and coming scholars assemble a hard hitting look at the complexity of modern warfare. Hybrid Warfare and Transnational Threats tackles these complexities head on, delivering a breadth of insights into new and serious policy implications aimed at bolstering American national security. In the words of David Kilcullen, this important publication proves itself a worthy contribution that "deserves to be read,studied and hotly debated by anyone engaged in today's conflicts, and by all who think or write about war."
Author : David K. Linnan Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA Page : 407 pages File Size : 40,5 Mb Release : 2008-01-30 Category : Law ISBN : 9780275998158
Enemy Combatants, Terrorism, and Armed Conflict Law by David K. Linnan Pdf
With a renewed emphasis on national and homeland security, the United States is once again seeking to balance the needs of the state with both the rights of its citizens as well as those of other nations. This book represents an interdisciplinary approach to the legal dilemmas borne out by the war on terror-against the specific background of Afghanistan, Iraq, and this new kind of conflict. It is a strong contribution to a broader debate visible since 9/11, which will remain in the public eye for the foreseeable future. It addresses the overlap between religion, ethics, armed conflict, and law, within the context of the current conflict. While many issues in areas such as intelligence, reconciliation of civil liberties, dealing with terrorist threats, and the permissible bounds of interrogation, treatment of prisoners and laws governing armed conflict have long standing precedents under domestic and international law, this war has challenged even long standing legal interpretations. The contributors to this volume explore those precedents and contemporary challenges to them. Now that traditional wars between nation states are no longer the rule, the terrorist threat has gained credence (popularly, terrorism and its claimed breeding ground in failed states), linked in practice to issues of intervention on the territory of states harboring such groups. In military circles the idea of armed struggle between modern military forces and what were formerly called guerillas has now largely been replaced by asymmetric warfare and the concept of intelligence and preventive action interchangeably within U.S. borders and overseas. Opposing views contemplate that different-and presumably lower-legal standards may apply in internal armed conflicts. Such legal issues are visible under current circumstances of asymmetric warfare in conjunction with questions about prisoner status and detentions, including the permissible bounds of interrogation versus torture following the Abu Ghraib prison scandal in Iraq but also the treatment at the Guantanamo Bay facility of alleged Al Q'aeda captives from Afghanistan. All of the contributors in this book explore the changing circumstances against which these contentious new legal issues now unfold. The experts strike no consensus. Indeed, one of the work's many strengths can be attributed to the fact that the many facets of the ongoing debate are represented herein.
Michael J. Mazarr,Strategic Studies Institute,U. S. Army War College
Author : Michael J. Mazarr,Strategic Studies Institute,U. S. Army War College Publisher : Lulu.com Page : 154 pages File Size : 44,6 Mb Release : 2015 Category : Reference ISBN : 1329784618
Mastering the Gray Zone by Michael J. Mazarr,Strategic Studies Institute,U. S. Army War College Pdf
"Discussions of an emerging practice of 'gray zone' conflict have become increasingly common throughout the U.S. Army and the wider national security community, but the concept remains ill-defined and poorly understood. This monograph aims to contribute to the emerging dialogue about competition and rivalry in the gray zone by defining the term, comparing and contrasting it with related theories, and offering tentative hypotheses about this increasingly important form of state competition. The idea of operating gradually and somewhat covertly to remain below key thresholds of response is hardly new. Many approaches being used today -- such as support for proxy forces and insurgent militias -- have been employed for millennia. The monograph argues that the emergence of this more coherent and intentional form of gray zone conflict is best understood as the confluence of three factors. Understood in this context, gray zone strategies can be defined as a form of conflict that pursues political objectives through integrated campaigns; employs mostly nonmilitary or nonkinetic tools; strives to remain under key escalatory or red line thresholds to avoid outright conventional conflict; and moves gradually toward its objectives rather than seeking conclusive results in a relatively limited period of time. Having examined the scope and character of gray zone conflict, the monograph offers seven hypotheses about this emerging form of rivalry. Finally, the monograph offers recommendations for the United States and its friends and allies to deal with this challenge"--Publisher's web site.
Hybrid Warfare by Timothy B. McCulloh,Richard B. Johnson,Joint Special Operations University Pres Pdf
Major McCulloh and Major Johnson wrote this monograph on Hybrid Warfare while they were students at the School of Advanced Military Studies, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Written in two parts, their individual approaches complement each other by providing a synergistic combination of both an overarching theory as well as an operational perspective. While the idea of hybrid warfare is not new, the authors together provide a clarity and utility which presents a relevant contextual narrative of the space between conventional conflicts and realm of irregular warfare. Major McCulloh's contribution in the first section lays the theoretical basis to bring a definition of Hybrid Warfare into focus while addressing the pertinent question of its historical origin. Major Johnson's section uses historical examples and case studies to form a basis for approaching hybrid threats through a lens of U.S. oriented operational art. The authors contribute to the understanding of warfare as a spectrum of conflict rather than a dichotomy of black and white alternatives.
The Political Economy of War and Peace by Murray Wolfson Pdf
cancer n. any malignant tumor . . . Metastasis may occur via the bloodstream or the lymphatic channels or across body cavities . . . setting up secondary tumors . . . Each individual primary tumor has its own pattern . . . There are probably many causative factors . . . Treatment. . . depends on the type of tumor, the site of the primary tumor and the extent of the spread. (Oxford Concise Medical Dictionary 1996, 97) Let us begin by stating the obvious. Acts of organized violence are not necessarily of human nature, but they are endogenous events arising within the an intrinsic part evolution of complex systems of social interaction. To be sure, all wars have features in common - people are killed and property is destroyed - but in their origin wars are likely to be at least as different as the social structures from which they arise. Consequently, it is unlikely that there can be a simple theory of the causes of war or the maintenance of peace. The fact that wars are historical events need not discourage us. On the contrary, we should focus our understanding of the dimensions of each conflict, or classes of conflict, on the conjuncture of causes at hand. It follows that the study of conflict must be an interdisciplinary one. It is or a penchant for eclecticism that leads to that conclusion, but the not humility multi-dimensionality of war itself.
