Hylomorphism

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Hylomorphism

William M. R. Simpson
Hylomorphism Book PDF

Author : William M. R. Simpson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 81 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2023-05-31
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781009027847

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Hylomorphism by William M. R. Simpson Pdf

This Element introduces Aristotle's doctrine of hylomorphism, which provides an account of substances in terms of their 'matter' and 'form', adapting and applying it to the interface between physics and biology. It begins by indicating some reasons for the current revival of hylomorphism and by suggesting a way of classifying the confusing array of hylomorphisms that have arisen. It argues that, in order for composite entities to have irreducible causal powers which make a difference to how nature unfolds, they must have substantial forms which transform their matter such that the powers of their physical parts are grounded in the composite entity as a whole. It suggests how a contemporary form of hylomorphism might contribute to the philosophy of biology by grounding the non-intentional form of teleology that features in the identity conditions of biological systems, affirming a real distinction between living organisms and heaps of matter. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

The History of Hylomorphism

David Charles
The History of Hylomorphism Book PDF

Author : David Charles
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2023-08-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192652324

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The History of Hylomorphism by David Charles Pdf

Although Aristotle was not the first to understand objects in terms of their matter and their form, the account he developed has exercised a major influence on Western philosophy to this day. The History of Hylomorphism: From Aristotle to Descartes collects sixteen essays by experts that consider aspects of the first two thousand years of the history of hylomorphism, starting with Aristotle's immediate successors and ending with Descartes. It includes discussions of Hellenistic, Roman, Arabic, medieval, and early modern philosophers, examining the ways in which Aristotle's central ideas and concepts were progressively modified by these thinkers. Hylomorphism, as we understand it today, owes much to the way in which it was interpreted, and re-interpreted, during this period. Through a study of their work we can see how questions in contemporary metaphysics and philosophy of mind, such as Descartes's mind-body problem, came to be formulated.

Hylomorphism and Mereology

Gyula Klima,Alexander W. Hall
Hylomorphism and Mereology Book PDF

Author : Gyula Klima,Alexander W. Hall
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 119 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2019-01-22
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781527526501

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Hylomorphism and Mereology by Gyula Klima,Alexander W. Hall Pdf

Mereology is the metaphysical theory of parts and wholes, including their conditions of identity and persistence through change. Hylomorphism is the metaphysical doctrine according to which all natural substances, including living organisms, consist of matter and form as their essential parts, where the substantial form of living organisms is identified as their soul. The theories date to Plato and Aristotle and figure prominently in the history of philosophy up until the seventeenth century, where their influence wanes relative to a reductive materialism that culminates with deflationary accounts of objects and persons, where mere conglomerates constitute things and we are left to account for mental phenomena in terms of the powers of physical materials. In view of such difficulties, there is a renewed interest in hylomorphism, as its forms structure matter and can account for natural kinds, with their various capacities and powers. This volume presents medieval theories of hylomorphism and mereology, articulating the conceptual framework in which they developed and with an eye on their relevance today.

John Duns Scotus on Parts, Wholes, and Hylomorphism

Thomas M. Ward
John Duns Scotus on Parts Wholes and Hylomorphism Book PDF

Author : Thomas M. Ward
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2014-07-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004278974

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John Duns Scotus on Parts, Wholes, and Hylomorphism by Thomas M. Ward Pdf

In John Duns Scotus on Parts, Wholes, and Hylomorphism, Thomas M. Ward examines Scotus's arguments for his distinctive version of hylomorphism, the view that at least some material objects are composites of matter and form. It considers Scotus's reasons for adopting hylomorphism, and his accounts of how matter and form compose a substance, how extended parts, such as the organs of an organism, compose a substance, and how other sorts of things, such as the four chemical elements (earth, air, fire, and water) and all the things in the world, fail to compose a substance. It highlights the extent to which Scotus draws on his metaphysics of essential order to explain why some things can compose substance and why others cannot. Throughout the book, contemporary versions of hylomorphism are discussed in ways that both illumine Scotus's own views and suggest ways to advance contemporary debates.

Aristotle on Matter, Form, and Moving Causes

Devin Henry
Aristotle on Matter Form and Moving Causes Book PDF

Author : Devin Henry
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2019-12-05
Category : History
ISBN : 9781108475570

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Aristotle on Matter, Form, and Moving Causes by Devin Henry Pdf

Examines Aristotle's doctrine of hylomorphism and its importance for understanding the process by which substances come into being.

Structure and the Metaphysics of Mind

William Jaworski
Structure and the Metaphysics of Mind Book PDF

Author : William Jaworski
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780198749561

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Structure and the Metaphysics of Mind by William Jaworski Pdf

William Jaworski provides an elegant solution to the question of how mental phenomena fit into the physical world by defending an original account of hylomorphism: the idea that structure is a basic ontological and explanatory principle. On his view, mental phenomena are structural phenomena, and are uncontroversially part of the physical world.

Medieval Science, Technology, and Medicine

Thomas F. Glick,Steven John Livesey,Faith Wallis
Medieval Science Technology and Medicine Book PDF

Author : Thomas F. Glick,Steven John Livesey,Faith Wallis
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 632 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : History
ISBN : 0415969301

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Medieval Science, Technology, and Medicine by Thomas F. Glick,Steven John Livesey,Faith Wallis Pdf

Demonstrates that the millennium from the fall of the Roman Empire to the flowering of the Renaissance was a period of great intellectual and practical achievement and innovation. This reference work will be useful to scholars, students, and general readers researching topics in many fields of study, including medieval studies and world history.

Structure and the Metaphysics of Mind

William Jaworski
Structure and the Metaphysics of Mind Book PDF

Author : William Jaworski
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2016-03-04
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191066498

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Structure and the Metaphysics of Mind by William Jaworski Pdf

Structure and the Metaphysics of Mind is the first book to show how hylomorphism can be used to solve mind-body problems—persistent problems understanding how thought, feeling, perception, and other mental phenomena fit into the physical world described by our best science. Hylomorphism claims that structure is a basic ontological and explanatory principle. Some individuals, paradigmatically living things, consist of materials that are structured or organized in various ways. Those structures are responsible for individuals being the kinds of things they are, and having the kinds of powers or capacities they have. From a hylomorphic perspective, mind-body problems are byproducts of a worldview that rejects structure. Hylomorphic structure carves out distinctive individuals from the otherwise undifferentiated sea of matter and energy described by our best physics, and it confers on those individuals distinctive powers, including the powers to think, feel, and perceive. A worldview that rejects hylomorphic structure lacks a basic principle which distinguishes the parts of the physical universe that can think, feel, and perceive from those that can't, and without such a principle, the existence of those powers in the physical world can start to look inexplicable and mysterious. But if mental phenomena are structural phenomena, as hylomorphism claims, then they are uncontroversially part of the physical world, for on the hylomorphic view, structure is uncontroversially part of the physical world. Hylomorphism thus provides an elegant way of solving mind-body problems.

Without Criteria

Steven Shaviro
Without Criteria Book PDF

Author : Steven Shaviro
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2012-08-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780262261159

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Without Criteria by Steven Shaviro Pdf

A Deleuzian reading of Whitehead and a Whiteheadian reading of Deleuze open the possibility of a critical aesthetics of contemporary culture. In Without Criteria, Steven Shaviro proposes and explores a philosophical fantasy: imagine a world in which Alfred North Whitehead takes the place of Martin Heidegger. What if Whitehead, instead of Heidegger, had set the agenda for postmodern thought? Heidegger asks, “Why is there something, rather than nothing?” Whitehead asks, “How is it that there is always something new?” In a world where everything from popular music to DNA is being sampled and recombined, argues Shaviro, Whitehead's question is the truly urgent one. Without Criteria is Shaviro's experiment in rethinking postmodern theory, especially the theory of aesthetics, from a point of view that hearkens back to Whitehead rather than Heidegger. In working through the ideas of Whitehead and Deleuze, Shaviro also appeals to Kant, arguing that certain aspects of Kant's thought pave the way for the philosophical “constructivism” embraced by both Whitehead and Deleuze. Kant, Whitehead, and Deleuze are not commonly grouped together, but the juxtaposition of them in Without Criteria helps to shed light on a variety of issues that are of concern to contemporary art and media practices.

What Are We?

Eric T. Olson
What Are We Book PDF

Author : Eric T. Olson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2007-09-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199884216

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What Are We? by Eric T. Olson Pdf

From the time of Locke, discussions of personal identity have often ignored the question of our basic metaphysical nature: whether we human people are biological organisms, spatial or temporal parts of organisms, bundles of perceptions, or what have you. The result of this neglect has been centuries of wild proposals and clashing intuitions. What Are We? is the first general study of this important question. It beings by explaining what the question means and how it differs from others, such as questions of personal identity and the mind-body problem. It then examines in some depth the main possible accounts of our metaphysical nature, detailing both their theoretical virtues and the often grave difficulties they face. The book does not endorse any particular account of what we are, but argues that the matter turns on more general issues in the ontology of material things. If composition is universal--if any material things whatever make up something bigger--then we are temporal parts of organisms. If things never compose anything bigger, so that there are only mereological simples, then we too are simples--perhaps the immaterial substances of Descartes--or else we do not exist at all (a view Olson takes very seriously). The intermediate view that some things compose bigger things and others do not leads almost inevitably to the conclusion that we are organisms. So we can discover what we are by working out when composition occurs.

The Routledge Companion to Islamic Philosophy

Richard C. Taylor,Luis Xavier López-Farjeat
The Routledge Companion to Islamic Philosophy Book PDF

Author : Richard C. Taylor,Luis Xavier López-Farjeat
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 434 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2015-08-20
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317484332

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The Routledge Companion to Islamic Philosophy by Richard C. Taylor,Luis Xavier López-Farjeat Pdf

This valuable reference work synthesizes and elucidates traditional themes and issues in Islamic philosophy as well as prominent topics emerging from the last twenty years of scholarship. Written for a wide readership of students and scholars, The Routledge Companion to Islamic Philosophy is unique in including coverage of both perennial philosophical issues in an Islamic context and also distinct concerns that emerge from Islamic religious thought. This work constitutes a substantial affirmation that Islamic philosophy is an integral part of the Western philosophical tradition. Featuring 33 chapters, divided into seven thematic sections, this volume explores the major areas of philosophy: Logic, Metaphysics, Philosophy in the Sciences, Philosophy of Mind/Epistemology, and Ethics/Politics as well as philosophical issues salient in Islamic revelation, theology, prophecy, and mysticism. Other features include: •A focus on both the classical and post-classical periods •A contributing body that includes both widely respected scholars from around the world and a handful of the very best younger scholars •"Reference" and "Further Reading" sections for each chapter and a comprehensive index for the whole volume The result is a work that captures Islamic philosophy as philosophy. In this way it serves students and scholars of philosophy and religious studies and at the same time provides valuable essays relevant to the study of Islamic thought and theology.

Philosophy of Religion

Stuart C. Brown
Philosophy of Religion Book PDF

Author : Stuart C. Brown
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0415212375

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Philosophy of Religion by Stuart C. Brown Pdf

Philosophy of Religion provides an introduction to philosophical thinking about central aspects of religion.

Personal Identity and Resurrection

Georg Gasser
Personal Identity and Resurrection Book PDF

Author : Georg Gasser
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Religion
ISBN : 1409404935

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Personal Identity and Resurrection by Georg Gasser Pdf

In Personal Identity and Resurrection, leading philosophers and theologians present an indispensable resource for anyone interested in the doctrine of bodily resurrection - be they philosophers, theologians, scholars in religious studies, or believers interested in examining their faith.

Aquinas's Ontology of the Material World

Jeffrey E. Brower
Aquinas s Ontology of the Material World Book PDF

Author : Jeffrey E. Brower
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780198714293

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Aquinas's Ontology of the Material World by Jeffrey E. Brower Pdf

Pesents and explains the hylomorphic conception of the material world developed by Thomas Aquinas, proposing that the key to understanding Aquinas's conception lies in his distinctive account of intrinsic change.

Feminist Reflections on the History of Philosophy

Lilli Alanen,Charlotte Witt
Feminist Reflections on the History of Philosophy Book PDF

Author : Lilli Alanen,Charlotte Witt
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2006-01-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781402024894

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Feminist Reflections on the History of Philosophy by Lilli Alanen,Charlotte Witt Pdf

Feminist work in the history of philosophy has come of age as an innovative field in the history of philosophy. This volume marks that accomplishment with original essays by leading feminist scholars who ask basic questions: What is distinctive of feminist work in the history of philosophy? Is there a method that is distinctive of feminist historical work? How can women philosophers be meaningfully included in the history of the discipline? Who counts as a philosopher? This collection is a unique collaboration among philosophers from North America and the Nordic Countries, including papers written from both analytic and continental philosophical perspectives and discussing both ancient and modern philosophers. Feminist Reflections on the History of Philosophy will be of interest to historians of philosophy, feminist theorists, women's studies faculty and students, and humanists interested in canon formation and transformation.