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Author : Wesley A. Olson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1379643346
Author : Major Usaf Olson, Wesley,Wesley A. Olson
Publisher : Createspace Independent Pub
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2012-09-15
Category : History
ISBN : 1479324396
Cockpit automation has delivered many promised benefits, such as improved system safety and efficiency; however, at the same time it has imposed system costs that are often manifest in the forms of mode confusion, errors of omission, and automation surprises. An understanding of the nature of these costs as well as associated influencing factors is necessary to design adequately the future automated systems that will be required for Air Mobility Command aircraft to operate in the future air traffic environment. This paper reviews and synthesizes human factors research on the costs of cockpit automation. These results are interpreted by modeling the automated cockpit as a supervisory control system in which the pilot works with, but is not replaced by, automated systems. From this viewpoint, pilot roles in the automated cockpit provide new opportunities for error in instructing, monitoring, and intervening in automated systems behavior. These opportunities for error are exacerbated by the limited machine coordination capabilities, limits on human coordination capabilities, and properties of machine systems that place new attention and knowledge demands on the human operator. In order to mitigate the risks posed by these known opportunities for error and associated influencing factors a system of defenses in depth is required involving integrated innovations in design, procedures, and training. The issues raised in this paper are not specific to transport aircraft or the broader aviation domain but apply to all current and future highly automated military systems.
Author : Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah,Chuan-Hoo Tan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 471 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2016-07-04
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319393995
This volume constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on HCI in Business, Government and Organizations, HCIBGO 2016, held as part of the 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCII 2016, which took place in Toronto, Canada, in July 2016. HCII 2016 received a total of 4354 submissions, of which 1287 papers were accepted for publication after a careful reviewing process. The 43 papers presented in this volume were organized in topical sections named: designing information systems; HCI in the public administration and government; HCI at work; and mobile applications and services.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 962 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Government publications
ISBN : OSU:32435030430227
Author : Sidney Dekker,Erik Hollnagel
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2018-12-17
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429864209
First published in 1999, this volume examined how increasing cockpit automation in commercial fleets across the world has had a profound impact on the cognitive work that is carried out on the flight deck. Pilots have largely been transformed into supervisory controllers, managing a suite of human and automated resources. Operational and training requirements have changed, and the potential for human error and system breakdown has shifted. This compelling book critically examines how airlines, regulators, educators and manufacturers cope with these and other consequences of advanced aircraft automation.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1542 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Administrative agencies
ISBN : IND:30000145847111
Author : Federal Aviation Administration
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2012-07-03
Category : Transportation
ISBN : 9781620874592
Every day in the United States, over two million men, women, and children step onto an aircraft and place their lives in the hands of strangers. As anyone who has ever flown knows, modern flight offers unparalleled advantages in travel and freedom, but it also comes with grave responsibility and risk. For the first time in its history, the Federal Aviation Administration has put together a set of easy-to-understand guidelines and principles that will help pilots of any skill level minimize risk and maximize safety while in the air. The Risk Management Handbook offers full-color diagrams and illustrations to help students and pilots visualize the science of flight, while providing straightforward information on decision-making and the risk-management process.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 86 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Aeronautics
ISBN : UOM:39015053374628
Author : National Science and Technology Council (U.S.). Subcommittee on Transportation Research and Development
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Aeronautics
ISBN : MINN:31951D019356461
Author : United States. Federal Aviation Administration
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Aeronautics
ISBN : NWU:35556025406869
Author : Bart Elias
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 38 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2019-10-20
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1701317818
The increasing complexity and automation of flight control systems pose a challenge to federal policy regarding aircraft certification and pilot training. Despite significant commercial aviation safety improvements over the past two decades, flight control automation and aircraft complexity have been cited as contributing factors in a number of major airline accidents, including two high-profile crashes overseas involving the recently introduced Boeing 737 Max variant in 2018 and 2019. These crashes have directed attention to Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) oversight of aircraft type certification and pilot training practices for transport category aircraft, particularly as they pertain to complex automated flight control systems. As aircraft systems have evolved over the past three decades to incorporate new technologies, Congress has mandated FAA to streamline certification processes, with the primary motivation being to facilitate the development of new safety-enhancing technologies. Modern commercial aircraft rely on "fly-by-wire" flight control technologies, under which pilots' flight control inputs are sent to computers rather than through direct mechanical linkages to flight control systems. The fly-by-wire software contains flight control laws and logic that, in addition to optimizing performance efficiency, protect the aircraft from commanded actions that could put the airplane in an unsafe state. Automated flight control systems have largely been viewed as having a positive effect on safety, and accident rates have improved considerably over the past two decades. However, the increasing complexity of automated flight systems has sometimes caused confusion and uncertainty, contributing to improper pilot actions during critical phases of flight and in some cases leading pilots to unintentionally place an aircraft in an unsafe condition. Besides designing these systems in a manner that minimizes pilot errors and the consequences of those errors, aircraft designers and operators face challenges regarding maintaining piloting skills for flight crews to be able to take over and manually fly the aircraft safely if critical systems fail. They also face challenges regarding documentation and pilot training effectiveness in building accurate mental models of how these complex systems operate. The primary goals of ongoing efforts to address these challenges are to enhance pilot situation awareness when using automation and reduce the likelihood of mode errors and confusion, while at the same time not overburdening pilots with intricate systems knowledge beyond what is necessary. In the ongoing investigations of two Boeing 737 Max crashes, Lion Air flight 610 and Ethiopian Airlines flight 302, concerns have been raised about the design of an automated feature called the Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System (MCAS) and its reliance on a single angle-of-attack sensor even though the aircraft is equipped with two such sensors. These concerns led to the worldwide grounding of all Boeing 737 Max aircraft until the MCAS safety concerns can be resolved, significantly impacting both U.S. and foreign airlines that operate the aircraft. These recent aviation accidents have prompted reviews of the manner in which modern transport category aircraft are certified by FAA and its foreign counterparts, and in particular, the roles of regulators and manufacturers in the certification process. The challenges of certifying increasingly complex aircraft are largely being met by delegating more of FAA's certification functions to aircraft designers and manufacturers. This raises potential conflicts between safety and quality assurance on the one hand and competitive pressures to market and deliver aircraft on the other. Under Organization Designation Authorization (ODA), FAA can designate companies to carry out delegated certification functions on its behalf.
Author : Charles E. Billings
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 126 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Aeronautical instruments
ISBN : NASA:31769000594195
Author : Christopher Lutat,S. Ryan Swah
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Professional
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2013-05-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780071815864
"One of the first cohesive works on glass cockpit equipment (digital instrumentation being implemented in more aircraft), this book focuses on limiting in-flight issues and advancing the safe operation of highly automated aircraft"-Provided by publisher.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Electronic
ISBN : NASA:31769000547722
The scope of automation, the benefits of automation, and automation-induced problems were discussed at a workshop held to determine whether those functions previously performed manually on the flight deck of commercial aircraft should always be automated in view of various human factors. Issues which require research for resolution were identified. The research questions developed are presented.
Author : A. Ian Glendon,Sharon Clarke
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 474 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2018-10-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781482220575
The third edition of a bestseller, Human Safety and Risk Management: A Psychological Perspective incorporates a decade of new research and development to provide you with a comprehensive and contemporary guide to the psychology of risk and workplace safety. A major enhancement is reflected in the new subtitle for the book, A Psychological Perspective, which highlights both the expertise of the authors and also confirms the predominantly psychological orientation of the revised text. New in the Third Edition: State-of-the-art theory reviews, research findings, and practical applications New chapter on impact that sensor technologies have on approaches to safety and risk in contemporary society Enhanced chapters on key issues around sensing danger, risk perception, error detection, safety culture, risk management, leadership, teams, and stress management This book discusses how people perceive and manage risks and how to make the workplace a safer place. It examines the influence of individual factors on safety, as well as team and organizational factors at work, from a psychological perspective. It also highlights changes in safety due to the changing workplace, globalization, and managing employees’ safety and health beyond the workplace — a challenge that many organizations have yet to address. Reflecting current scientific research across a range of disciplines as it applies to human safety and risk management, this book helps you meet the challenges posed by the rapidly evolving workplace.