Illusions Of Human Thinking

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Illusions of Human Thinking

Gabriel Vacariu
Illusions of Human Thinking Book PDF

Author : Gabriel Vacariu
Publisher : Springer
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2015-10-19
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783658104443

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Illusions of Human Thinking by Gabriel Vacariu Pdf

The book illustrates that the traditional philosophical concept of the "Universe”, the "World” has led to anomalies and paradoxes in the realm of knowledge. The author replaces this notion by the EDWs perspective, i.e. a new axiomatic hyperontological framework of Epistemologically Different Worlds” (EDWs). Thus it becomes possible to find a more appropriate approach to different branches of science, such as cognitive neuroscience, physics, biology and the philosophy of mind. The consequences are a better understanding of the mind-body problem, quantum physics non-locality or entanglement, the measurement problem, Einstein’s theory of relativity and the binding problem in cognitive neuroscience.

The Self Illusion

Bruce Hood
The Self Illusion Book PDF

Author : Bruce Hood
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2012-06-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780199969890

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The Self Illusion by Bruce Hood Pdf

Most of us believe that we are unique and coherent individuals, but are we? The idea of a "self" has existed ever since humans began to live in groups and become sociable. Those who embrace the self as an individual in the West, or a member of the group in the East, feel fulfilled and purposeful. This experience seems incredibly real but a wealth of recent scientific evidence reveals that this notion of the independent, coherent self is an illusion - it is not what it seems. Reality as we perceive it is not something that objectively exists, but something that our brains construct from moment to moment, interpreting, summarizing, and substituting information along the way. Like a science fiction movie, we are living in a matrix that is our mind. In The Self Illusion, Dr. Bruce Hood reveals how the self emerges during childhood and how the architecture of the developing brain enables us to become social animals dependent on each other. He explains that self is the product of our relationships and interactions with others, and it exists only in our brains. The author argues, however, that though the self is an illusion, it is one that humans cannot live without. But things are changing as our technology develops and shapes society. The social bonds and relationships that used to take time and effort to form are now undergoing a revolution as we start to put our self online. Social networking activities such as blogging, Facebook, Linkedin and Twitter threaten to change the way we behave. Social networking is fast becoming socialization on steroids. The speed and ease at which we can form alliances and relationships is outstripping the same selection processes that shaped our self prior to the internet era. This book ventures into unchartered territory to explain how the idea of the self will never be the same again in the online social world.

Cognitive Illusions

Rüdiger F Pohl
Cognitive Illusions Book PDF

Author : Rüdiger F Pohl
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 559 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2016-07-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317448280

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Cognitive Illusions by Rüdiger F Pohl Pdf

Cognitive Illusions explores a wide range of fascinating psychological effects in the way we think, judge and remember in our everyday lives. Featuring contributions from leading researchers, the book defines what cognitive illusions are and discusses their theoretical status: are such illusions proof for a faulty human information-processing system, or do they only represent by-products of otherwise adaptive cognitive mechanisms? Throughout the book, background to phenomena such as illusions of control, overconfidence and hindsight bias are discussed, before considering the respective empirical research, potential explanations of the phenomenon, and relevant applied perspectives. Each chapter also features the detailed description of an experiment that can be used as classroom demonstration. Featuring six new chapters, this edition has been thoroughly updated throughout to reflect recent research and changes of focus within the field. This book will be of interest to students and researchers of cognitive illusions, specifically, those focusing on thinking, reasoning, decision-making and memory.

The Knowledge Illusion

Steven Sloman,Philip Fernbach
The Knowledge Illusion Book PDF

Author : Steven Sloman,Philip Fernbach
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2017-03-14
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780399184345

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The Knowledge Illusion by Steven Sloman,Philip Fernbach Pdf

“The Knowledge Illusion is filled with insights on how we should deal with our individual ignorance and collective wisdom.” —Steven Pinker We all think we know more than we actually do. Humans have built hugely complex societies and technologies, but most of us don’t even know how a pen or a toilet works. How have we achieved so much despite understanding so little? Cognitive scientists Steven Sloman and Philip Fernbach argue that we survive and thrive despite our mental shortcomings because we live in a rich community of knowledge. The key to our intelligence lies in the people and things around us. We’re constantly drawing on information and expertise stored outside our heads: in our bodies, our environment, our possessions, and the community with which we interact—and usually we don’t even realize we’re doing it. The human mind is both brilliant and pathetic. We have mastered fire, created democratic institutions, stood on the moon, and sequenced our genome. And yet each of us is error prone, sometimes irrational, and often ignorant. The fundamentally communal nature of intelligence and knowledge explains why we often assume we know more than we really do, why political opinions and false beliefs are so hard to change, and why individual-oriented approaches to education and management frequently fail. But our collaborative minds also enable us to do amazing things. The Knowledge Illusion contends that true genius can be found in the ways we create intelligence using the community around us.

The Illusion of Conscious Will

Daniel M. Wegner
The Illusion of Conscious Will Book PDF

Author : Daniel M. Wegner
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 725 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2003-08-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780262290555

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The Illusion of Conscious Will by Daniel M. Wegner Pdf

A novel contribution to the age-old debate about free will versus determinism. Do we consciously cause our actions, or do they happen to us? Philosophers, psychologists, neuroscientists, theologians, and lawyers have long debated the existence of free will versus determinism. In this book Daniel Wegner offers a novel understanding of the issue. Like actions, he argues, the feeling of conscious will is created by the mind and brain. Yet if psychological and neural mechanisms are responsible for all human behavior, how could we have conscious will? The feeling of conscious will, Wegner shows, helps us to appreciate and remember our authorship of the things our minds and bodies do. Yes, we feel that we consciously will our actions, Wegner says, but at the same time, our actions happen to us. Although conscious will is an illusion, it serves as a guide to understanding ourselves and to developing a sense of responsibility and morality. Approaching conscious will as a topic of psychological study, Wegner examines the issue from a variety of angles. He looks at illusions of the will—those cases where people feel that they are willing an act that they are not doing or, conversely, are not willing an act that they in fact are doing. He explores conscious will in hypnosis, Ouija board spelling, automatic writing, and facilitated communication, as well as in such phenomena as spirit possession, dissociative identity disorder, and trance channeling. The result is a book that sidesteps endless debates to focus, more fruitfully, on the impact on our lives of the illusion of conscious will.

Illusions: A Psychological Study

James Sully
Illusions A Psychological Study Book PDF

Author : James Sully
Publisher : DigiCat
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2022-09-15
Category : Fiction
ISBN : EAN:8596547308119

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Illusions: A Psychological Study by James Sully Pdf

Illusions: A Psychological Study is about various illusions such as visual tricks, dreams, illusions of memory, illusions of belief, and illusions of introspection. Contents: "CHAPTER I. THE STUDY OF ILLUSION. The vulgar idea of Illusion; Psychological treatment of the subject; definition of Illusion; Philosophic extension of the idea. CHAPTER II. THE CLASSIFICATION OF ILLUSIONS. Popular and Scientific conceptions of Mind; Illusion and Hallucination."

Cognitive Illusions

Rüdiger F Pohl
Cognitive Illusions Book PDF

Author : Rüdiger F Pohl
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135844950

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Cognitive Illusions by Rüdiger F Pohl Pdf

Cognitive Illusions investigates a wide range of fascinating psychological effects in the way we think, judge and remember in our everyday lives. At the beginning of each chapter, leading researchers in the field introduce the background to phenomena such as illusions of control, overconfidence and hindsight bias. This is followed by an explanation of the experimental context in which these illusions can be investigated and a theoretical discussion drawing conclusions about the wider implications of these fallacy and bias effects. Written with researchers and instructors in mind, this tightly edited, reader-friendly text provides both an overview of research in the area and many lively pedagogic features such as chapter summaries, further reading lists and suggestions for classroom demonstrations.

Cognitive Illusions

Rüdiger F Pohl
Cognitive Illusions Book PDF

Author : Rüdiger F Pohl
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2022-03-04
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781000548112

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Cognitive Illusions by Rüdiger F Pohl Pdf

Cognitive Illusions explores a wide range of fascinating psychological effects in the way we think, judge and remember in our everyday lives. In this volume, Rüdiger F. Pohl brings together leading international researchers to define what cognitive illusions are and discuss their theoretical status: are such illusions proof of a faulty human information-processing system, or do they only represent by-products of otherwise adaptive cognitive mechanisms? The book describes and discusses 26 different cognitive illusions, with each chapter giving a profound overview of the respective empirical research including potential explanations, individual differences, and relevant applied perspectives. This edition has been thoroughly updated throughout, featuring new chapters on negativity bias, metacognition, and how we respond to fake news, along with detailed descriptions of experiments that can be used as classroom demonstration in every chapter. Demonstrating just how diverse cognitive illusions can be, it is a must read for all students and researchers of cognitive illusions, specifically, those focusing on thinking, reasoning, decision-making, and memory.

Inevitable Illusions

Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini
Inevitable Illusions Book PDF

Author : Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini
Publisher : Wiley
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 1996-11-18
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 047115962X

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Inevitable Illusions by Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini Pdf

"Fascinating and insightful. . . . I cannot recall a book that has made me think more about the nature of thinking." -- Richard C. Lewontin Harvard University Everyone knows that optical illusions trick us because of the way we see. Now scientists have discovered that cognitive illusions, a set of biases deeply embedded in the human mind, can actually distort the way we think. In Inevitable Illusions, distinguished cognitive researcher Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini takes us on a provocative, challenging, and thoroughly entertaining exploration of the games our minds play. He opens the doors onto the newly charted realm of the cognitive unconscious to reveal the full range of illusions, showing how they inhibit our ability to reason--no matter what our educational background or IQ. Inevitable Illusions is stimulating, eye-opening food for thought.

Choices and Illusions

Eldon Taylor
Choices and Illusions Book PDF

Author : Eldon Taylor
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
ISBN : 9781401943387

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Choices and Illusions by Eldon Taylor Pdf

Explains the workings of the human mind and how its power can be used to change the world and realize full potential.

Consciousness

Susan Blackmore
Consciousness Book PDF

Author : Susan Blackmore
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780198794738

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Consciousness by Susan Blackmore Pdf

Consciousness, the last great mystery for science, remains a hot topic. How can a physical brain create our experience of the world? What creates our identity? Do we really have free will? Could consciousness itself be an illusion? Exciting new developments in brain science are continuing the debates on these issues, and the field has now expanded to include biologists, neuroscientists, psychologists, and philosophers. This controversial book clarifies the potentially confusing arguments, and the major theories, whilst also outlining the amazing pace of discoveries in neuroscience. Covering areas such as the construction of self in the brain, mechanisms of attention, the neural correlates of consciousness, and the physiology of altered states of consciousness, Susan Blackmore highlights our latest findings. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Philosophy and Illusion

Lazerowitz, Morris
Philosophy and Illusion Book PDF

Author : Lazerowitz, Morris
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2014-06-03
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317852148

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Philosophy and Illusion by Lazerowitz, Morris Pdf

First published in 2002. This book carries on the work of The Structure of Metaphysics and Studies in Metaphilosophy. Setting out to construct a hypothesis which would explain both the nonexistence of stable results in one of the oldest of the intellectual disciplines, this title then applies the hypothesis to basic and representative problems in the major branches of philosophy. Lazerowitz describes the constant motivation of this book as 'to improve our understanding of philosophy; an enigmatic, if time-honoured, subject'.

Champions of Illusion

Susana Martinez-Conde,Stephen Macknik
Champions of Illusion Book PDF

Author : Susana Martinez-Conde,Stephen Macknik
Publisher : Scientific American / Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2017-10-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780374718398

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Champions of Illusion by Susana Martinez-Conde,Stephen Macknik Pdf

A full-color celebration of stunning visual illusions and the science behind them In Champions of Illusion, Susana Martinez-Conde and Stephen Macknik present a smorgasbord of mystifying images, many selected from their Best Illusion of the Year Contest. Whether it’s false motion, tricks of perspective, or shifting colors, Champions of Illusion is packed with adventures in visual perception. If you have ever found yourself face-to-face with an utterly bewildering illusion, you know the powerful effect such images have on the mind. The question we often ask ourselves is, How is that possible? Martinez-Conde and Macknik, who study the intersection of neuroscience, illusions, and stage magic, explain just why we think we see the things we see. The Best Illusion of the Year Contest draws entries from vision scientists, artists, magicians, and mathematicians bent on creating today’s most beguiling illusions. Featuring the contest’s most bizarre effects and unbelievable mind tricks, along with classic illusions and illuminating descriptions of what is actually going on in your brain when you are deceived by visuals on the page, Champions of Illusion is an electrifying mix of science and magic that you will not soon forget.

Spotting Fakers, lies, and illusions using elementary theories about the mind

Miklos Zoltan
Spotting Fakers lies and illusions using elementary theories about the mind Book PDF

Author : Miklos Zoltan
Publisher : Clear Think Publishing
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2013-10-14
Category : Self-Help
ISBN : 9780991083503

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Spotting Fakers, lies, and illusions using elementary theories about the mind by Miklos Zoltan Pdf

Our minds are more accurate than we might think. False information is the weak spot of our marvelous minds. It does not matter how precise a computer is, if we feed it false information (wrong data) the result of its computation will be incorrect. Similarly false information is the cause of most (if not all) human error. In this age, we have access to endless uncensored and unverified data, which contains significant quantities of false information. Unlike computers, our minds are highly trained to detect and filter out most of the false information but occasionally we accept some as true. The problem with false information is that once we accept it as true, we will think with it as true. Since we accepted it, we tend not to look at it again. The good news is that it is simple to find and handle false information once we know how. Every accepted false information, false assumption, illusion, and lie we handle gets us a step closer to our true potential. Every one of these is a hidden splinter in our mind therefore handling them is very rewarding. When accepted, even the smallest amount of false information is enough to cause us a great deal of trouble. This simple but in-depth exploration reveals why we accept some of the false information and how to give our “lie detector” a permanent turbo boost. The journey starts with Fakers who use lies, illusions, and deceit to get ahead in life instead of an honest exchange. They earned the spotlight because they intentionally spread large amounts of false information. The theories presented reveal the root cause of their actions as well as how to spot and deal with them. The casual writing style and everyday examples ensure easy understanding of these seemingly involved subjects. Prior education in the related fields is not required. It’s no fun to be exploited or betrayed. Life is much more fun when we can avoid such potential trouble. In addition, the introduced theories, methods, and practices can assist in solving persistent problems related to study, business, science, and more. Learning new skills can be time consuming and challenging even without the presence of false information. The increased ability to spot the fake and the false can positively affect our progress in life.

Collective Illusions

Todd Rose
Collective Illusions Book PDF

Author : Todd Rose
Publisher : Hachette UK
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2022-02-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780306925702

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Collective Illusions by Todd Rose Pdf

Drawing on cutting-edge neuroscience and social psychology research, an acclaimed author demonstrates how so much of our thinking is informed by false assumptions—making us dangerously mistrustful as a society and needlessly unhappy as individuals. The desire to fit in is one of the most powerful, least understood forces in society. Todd Rose believes that as human beings, we continually act against our own best interests because our brains misunderstand what others believe. A complicated set of illusions driven by conformity bias distorts how we see the world around us. From toilet paper shortages to kidneys that get thrown away rather than used for transplants; from racial segregation to the perceived “electability” of women in politics; from bottled water to “cancel culture,” we routinely copy others, lie about what we believe, cling to tribes, and silence people. The question is, Why do we keep believing the lies and hurting ourselves? Todd Rose proves that the answer is hard-wired in our DNA: our brains are more socially dependent than we realize or dare to accept. Most of us would rather be fully in sync with the social norms of our respective groups than be true to who we are. Using originally researched data, Collective Illusions shows us where we get things wrong and, just as important, how we can be authentic in forming opinions while valuing truth. Rose offers a counterintuitive yet empowering explanation for how we can bridge our inference gap, make decisions with a newfound clarity, and achieve fulfillment. **National Bestseller** **Wall Street Journal Bestseller** **Named Amazon's 2022 Best Book of the Year in Business, Leadership, and Science**