Impact Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas On Sustainable Agriculture And Natural Ecosystems

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Impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas on Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Ecosystems

Silvio Gianiazzi,Hannes Schüepp
Impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas on Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Ecosystems Book PDF

Author : Silvio Gianiazzi,Hannes Schüepp
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783034885041

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Impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas on Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Ecosystems by Silvio Gianiazzi,Hannes Schüepp Pdf

This book, prepared by participants of the European network COST ACTION 810 (1989-93) is the outcome of a meeting held in Switzerland (Einsiedeln, September 29 to October 2, 1993) on the "Impact of arbuscular mycorrhizas on sustainable agriculture and natural ecosystems". COST(Cooperation Scientifique et Technique) Networks were created in 1971 by the Commission of European Communities, and later enlarged to include non-European Member States, to promote pre-competitive scientific and technical research in fields of common interest. During the eighties, COST ACTIONS were launched in bio technological fields, including the network on arbuscular mycorrhizas. Arbuscular mycorrhizas are a universally found symbiosis between plants and certain soil fungi and essential components of soil-plant systems. They act as a major inter face by influencing or regulating resource allocation between abiotic and biotic components of the soil-plant system. Arbuscular mycorrhizas are involved in many key ecosystem processes including nutrient cycling and conservation of soil struc ture, and have been shown to improve plant health through increased protection against abiotic and biotic stresses. Sustainability can be defined as the successful management of resources to satisfy changing human needs while maintaining or enhancing the quality of the environ ment and conserving resources. Increasing environmental degradation and instability, due to anthropogenic activities and in particular the increasing fragility of the soil resource, has led to an increased awareness of the need to develop practices resulting in more sustainable natural and agroecosystems.

Mycorrhizal Fungi: Use in Sustainable Agriculture and Land Restoration

Zakaria M. Solaiman,Lynette K. Abbott,Ajit Varma
Mycorrhizal Fungi Use in Sustainable Agriculture and Land Restoration Book PDF

Author : Zakaria M. Solaiman,Lynette K. Abbott,Ajit Varma
Publisher : Springer
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2014-12-29
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783662453704

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Mycorrhizal Fungi: Use in Sustainable Agriculture and Land Restoration by Zakaria M. Solaiman,Lynette K. Abbott,Ajit Varma Pdf

This volume explores the various functions and potential applications of mycorrhizas, including topics such as the dynamics of root colonization, soil carbon sequestration and the function of mycorrhizas in extreme environments. Some contributions focus on the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in various crop production processes, including soil management practices, their use as biofertilizers and in relation to medicinal plants. Other chapters elucidate the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the alleviation of plant water stress and of heavy metal toxicity, in the remediation of saline soils, in mining-site rehabilitation and in the reforestation of degraded tropical forests. In addition to their impact in ecosystems, the economic benefits of applying arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are discussed. A final chapter describes recent advances in the cultivation of edible mycorrhizal mushrooms.

Mycorrhizae: Sustainable Agriculture and Forestry

Zaki Anwar Siddiqui,Mohammad Sayeed Akhtar,Kazuyoshi Futai
Mycorrhizae Sustainable Agriculture and Forestry Book PDF

Author : Zaki Anwar Siddiqui,Mohammad Sayeed Akhtar,Kazuyoshi Futai
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2008-07-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781402087707

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Mycorrhizae: Sustainable Agriculture and Forestry by Zaki Anwar Siddiqui,Mohammad Sayeed Akhtar,Kazuyoshi Futai Pdf

Mycorrhizal fungi are microbial engines which improve plant vigor and soil quality. They play a crucial role in plant nutrient uptake, water relations, ecosystem establishment, plant diversity, and the productivity of plants. Scientific research involves multidisciplinary approaches to understand the adaptation of mycorrhizae to the rhizosphere, mechanism of root colonization, effect on plant physiology and growth, biofertilization, plant resistance and biocontrol of plant pathogens. This book discusses and goes into detail on a number of topics: the molecular basis of nutrient exchange between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and host plants; the role of AM fungi in disease protection, alleviation of soil stresses and increasing grain production; interactions of AM fungi and beneficial saprophytic mycoflora in terms of plant growth promotion; the role of AM fungi in the restoration of native ecosystems; indirect contributions of AM fungi and soil aggregation to plant growth and mycorrhizosphere effect of multitrophic interaction; the mechanisms by which mycorrhizas change a disturbed ecosystem into productive land; the importance of reinstallation of mycorrhizal systems in the rhizosphere is emphasized and their impact on landscape regeneration, and in bioremediation of contaminated soils; Ectomycorrhizae (ECM) and their importance in forest ecosystems and associations of ECM in tropical rain forests function to maintain tropical monodominance; in vitro mycorrhization of micro-propagated plants, and visualizing and quantifying endorhizal fungi; the use of mycorrhizae, mainly AM and ECM, for sustainable agriculture and forestry.

Mycorrhizal Technology in Agriculture

S. Gianinazzi,Hannes Schüepp,J.M. Barea,K. Haselwandter
Mycorrhizal Technology in Agriculture Book PDF

Author : S. Gianinazzi,Hannes Schüepp,J.M. Barea,K. Haselwandter
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783034881173

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Mycorrhizal Technology in Agriculture by S. Gianinazzi,Hannes Schüepp,J.M. Barea,K. Haselwandter Pdf

Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) is the most common mycorrhizal type involved in agricultural systems, and the most widespread plant root symbiosis. The fungi involved (Glomales) are known to promote plant growth and health by acting as biofertilizers, bioprotectors and bioregulators. The main aim of this book is to provide readers with theoretical and applied knowledge essential for the use of AM fungi in improving plant health and fitness, production of high quality food and in conservation of natural resources. The different chapters target understanding the role of AM fungi in sustainable crop production, discussing ways to improve biological equilibria between microorganisms in the mycorrhizosphere, analysing genetic, physiological, cellular and molecular bases of AM functioning and establishing technologies for inoculum production, according to the regulatory guidelines for application.

Biocontrol Potential and its Exploitation in Sustainable Agriculture

R. K. Upadhyay,K.G. Mukerji,B. P. Chamola
Biocontrol Potential and its Exploitation in Sustainable Agriculture Book PDF

Author : R. K. Upadhyay,K.G. Mukerji,B. P. Chamola
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0306464608

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Biocontrol Potential and its Exploitation in Sustainable Agriculture by R. K. Upadhyay,K.G. Mukerji,B. P. Chamola Pdf

Plant based biotechnology has come to represent a means of mitigating the problems of global food security in the twenty-first century. Products and processes in agriculture are increasingly becoming linked to science and cutting edge technology, to enable the engineering of what are in effect, designer plants. One of the most successful , non-chemical approaches to pest management and disease control is biological control, which seeks a solution in terms of using living organisms to regulate the incidence of pests and pathogens, providing a natural control' while still maintaining the biological balance with the ecosystem. This volume, (the first of two), addresses the different types of biocontrol for different pests, namely, crop diseases, weeds and nematodes, and details the biology of both the pest and its enemies, which is vital for efficient use of biological control. The book has numerous contributors who are authorities in their fields, and would be an asset to those who have interest in sustainable agriculture and crop productivity.

Biocontrol Potential and its Exploitation in Sustainable Agriculture

Rajeev K. Upadhyay,K.G. Mukerji,B.P. Chamola
Biocontrol Potential and its Exploitation in Sustainable Agriculture Book PDF

Author : Rajeev K. Upadhyay,K.G. Mukerji,B.P. Chamola
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461542094

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Biocontrol Potential and its Exploitation in Sustainable Agriculture by Rajeev K. Upadhyay,K.G. Mukerji,B.P. Chamola Pdf

Plant based biotechnology has come to represent a means of mitigating the problems of global food security in the twenty-first century. Products and processes in agriculture are increasingly becoming linked to science and cutting edge technology, to enable the engineering of what are in effect, designer plants. One of the most successful , non-chemical approaches to pest management and disease control is biological control, which seeks a solution in terms of using living organisms to regulate the incidence of pests and pathogens, providing a natural control' while still maintaining the biological balance with the ecosystem. This volume, (the first of two), addresses the different types of biocontrol for different pests, namely, crop diseases, weeds and nematodes, and details the biology of both the pest and its enemies, which is vital for efficient use of biological control. The book has numerous contributors who are authorities in their fields, and would be an asset to those who have interest in sustainable agriculture and crop productivity.

Mycorrhizal Fungi

Ramalingam Radhakrishnan
Mycorrhizal Fungi Book PDF

Author : Ramalingam Radhakrishnan
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2021-07-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781838819408

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Mycorrhizal Fungi by Ramalingam Radhakrishnan Pdf

Microbes are essential components of the ecosystem. Mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere support or inhibit plant growth naturally. Plant growth-promoting fungi help to improve crop yield and crop sustainability in adverse environmental conditions including soil salinity, drought, high and low temperatures, and infections from pathogens and pests. Mycorrhizal fungi secrete plant growth-promoting substances, enzymes, and other metabolites, all of which play a vital role in enhancing the productivity of economically important plants. These fungi also reduce the need to use chemicals in agriculture, which helps to minimize soil pollutants. This book provides updated information on the production and utilization of mycorrhizal fungi for sustainable agriculture and forestry.

The Science Beneath Organic Production

David Atkinson,Christine A. Watson
The Science Beneath Organic Production Book PDF

Author : David Atkinson,Christine A. Watson
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2019-07-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780470023938

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The Science Beneath Organic Production by David Atkinson,Christine A. Watson Pdf

A groundbreaking book that addresses the science that underpins organic agriculture and horticulture and its impact upon the management of organic systems With contributions from noted experts in the field, Organic Agriculture explores the cultural context of food production and examines the historical aspects, economic implications, and key scientific elements that underpin organic crop production. The book shows how a science-based approach to organic farming is grounded in history and elements of the social sciences as well as the more traditional areas of physics, chemistry and biology. Organic Agriculture offers a detailed explanation of the differences between organic systems and other approaches, answering questions about crop production and protection, crop rotations, soil health, biodiversity and the use of genetic resources. The authors identify current gaps in our understanding of the topic and discuss how organic farming research may be better accomplished in the future. This important book: Explores the science that underpins organic farming Contains illustrative case studies from around the world Examines organic agriculture’s philosophical roots and its socio-economic context Written for scientists and students of agriculture and horticulture, this book covers the issues linked to the use of science by organic producers and identifies key elements in the production of food.

Functional Diversity of Mycorrhiza and Sustainable Agriculture

Michael J. Goss,Mário Carvalho,Isabel Brito
Functional Diversity of Mycorrhiza and Sustainable Agriculture Book PDF

Author : Michael J. Goss,Mário Carvalho,Isabel Brito
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2017-05-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128042861

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Functional Diversity of Mycorrhiza and Sustainable Agriculture by Michael J. Goss,Mário Carvalho,Isabel Brito Pdf

Functional Diversity of Mycorrhiza and Sustainable Agriculture is the first book to present the core concepts of working with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve agricultural crop productivity. Highlighting the use of indigenous AM fungi for agriculture, the book includes details on how to maintain and promote AM fungal diversity to improve sustainability and cost-effectiveness. As the need to improve production while restricting scarce inputs and preventing environmental impacts increases, the use of AMF offers an important option for exploiting the soil microbial population. It can enhance nutrient cycling and minimize the impacts of biotic and abiotic stresses, such as soil-borne disease, drought, and metal toxicity. The book offers land managers, policymakers, soil scientists, and agronomists a novel approach to utilizing soil microbiology in improving agricultural practices. Provides a new approach to exploiting the benefits of mycorrhizas for sustainable arable agricultural production using indigenous AMF populations and adopting appropriate crop production techniques Bridges the gap between soil microbiology, including increasing knowledge of mycorrhiza and agronomy Presents real-world practical insights and application-based results, including a chapter focused primarily on case studies Includes extensive illustrative diagrams and photographs

Invertebrate Biodiversity as Bioindicators of Sustainable Landscapes

Maurizio G. Paoletti
Invertebrate Biodiversity as Bioindicators of Sustainable Landscapes Book PDF

Author : Maurizio G. Paoletti
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 460 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780444599681

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Invertebrate Biodiversity as Bioindicators of Sustainable Landscapes by Maurizio G. Paoletti Pdf

Reducing environmental hazard and human impact on different ecosystems, with special emphasis on rural landscapes is the main topic of different environmental policies designed in developed countries and needed in most developing countries. This book covers the bioindication approach of rural landscapes and man managed ecosystems including both urbanised and industrialised ones. The main techniques and taxa used for bioindication are considered in detail. Remediation and contamination is faced with diversity, abundance and dominance of biota, mostly invertebrates. Invertebrate Biodiversity as Bioindicators of Sustainable Landscapes provides a basic tool for students and scientists involved in landscape ecology and planning, environmental sciences, landscape remediation and pollution.

Multitrophic Interactions in Terrestrial Systems

A. C. Gange,V. K. Brown
Multitrophic Interactions in Terrestrial Systems Book PDF

Author : A. C. Gange,V. K. Brown
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 474 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2002-08
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0521839955

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Multitrophic Interactions in Terrestrial Systems by A. C. Gange,V. K. Brown Pdf

Multitrophic interactions are now recognised as being of the utmost importance in understanding the complexity of the natural world. However, their complex nature had often been a barrier to their study as they require research teams composed of workers often with very disparate interests. This book therefore takes a multidisciplinary approach to complex interactions across many trophic levels and includes authors from disciplines as diverse as mycology, entomology, nematology, population ecology and theoretical ecology. Throughout, the direct and indirect interactions between organisms from different trophic levels are emphasised in comprehensive reviews, bringing a fresh, collaborative approach to community ecology. The book is ideal for those seeking an overview of our understanding of mulittrophic interactions as well as directions for future research.

Mycorrhizal Ecology

Marcel G.A. van der Heijden,Ian R. Sanders
Mycorrhizal Ecology Book PDF

Author : Marcel G.A. van der Heijden,Ian R. Sanders
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 482 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540383642

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Mycorrhizal Ecology by Marcel G.A. van der Heijden,Ian R. Sanders Pdf

This multi-authored book gives an overview of recent advances and breakthroughs in the field of mycorrhizal ecology. The text elucidates mechanisms that determine plant biodiversity - a prerequisite to ensuring successful management for the conservation and restoration of ecosystems. Topics covered include: all the major mycorrhizal types, plant population biology, multitrophic interactions, biological diversity, ecosystem functioning, global change and evolution. This volume shows that collaboration in the rhizosphere is essential for plants, microbes, plant communities and ecosystems. It has been written with ecologists in mind, giving them easy access to an understanding of how these important interactions could shape our ecosystems.

Mycorrhizal Biology

K.G. Mukerji,B.P. Chamola,Jagjit Singh
Mycorrhizal Biology Book PDF

Author : K.G. Mukerji,B.P. Chamola,Jagjit Singh
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461542650

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Mycorrhizal Biology by K.G. Mukerji,B.P. Chamola,Jagjit Singh Pdf

`The fundamental problem the world faces today, is the rapidly increasing pressure of population on the limited resources of the land. To meet the ever increasing demands of expanding populations, agricultural production has been raised through the abundant use of inorganic fertilizers, the adoption of multicropping systems and liberal application of chemical pesticides (fungicides, bactericides, etc. ). Though the use of chemicals has increased the yield dramatically, it has also resulted in the rapid deterioration of land and water resources apart from wastage of scarce resources. This has adversely affected the biological balance and lead to the presence of toxic residues in food, soil and water in addition to imposing economic constraints on developing countries.' (From the Preface) Mycorrhizal Biology addresses the global problem of land degradation and the associated loss of soil productivity and decline in soil quality caused by exploitative farming practices and poor management in developing countries, and the far reaching socio-economic and ecological consequences of its impact on agricultural productivity and the environment. In the light of a need for sustainable development, a new system of productive agriculture, to ensure the efficient management of agricultural inputs for long term high crop productivity with minimum damage to the ecological and socio-economic environment is essential. The management of mycorrhizal fungi will form a significant part of such a system and this work investigates the key association of plant roots with mycorrhizal fungi, known to benefit plants under conditions of nutritional and water stress and pathogen challenge and analyses the developments in our understanding of the genetic loci that govern mycorrhiza formation.

Sustainable Approaches to Controlling Plant Pathogenic Bacteria

V. Rajesh Kannan,Kubilay Kurtulus Bastas
Sustainable Approaches to Controlling Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Book PDF

Author : V. Rajesh Kannan,Kubilay Kurtulus Bastas
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2015-09-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781482240542

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Sustainable Approaches to Controlling Plant Pathogenic Bacteria by V. Rajesh Kannan,Kubilay Kurtulus Bastas Pdf

Plant diseases and changes in existing pathogens remain a constant threat to our forests, food, and fiber crops as well as landscape plants. However, many economically important pathosystems are largely unexplored and biologically relevant life stages of familiar systems remain poorly understood. In a multifaceted approach to plant pathogenic behavioral control, Sustainable Approaches to Controlling Plant Pathogenic Bacteria discusses the impact of plant pathogenic bacterial pathogenesis on scientific and economic levels. It introduces mechanisms, measuring tools, and controlling strategies you can use to meet the challenge of developing new and innovative ways to control plant diseases. The book covers many aspects of the activities of pathogenic bacteria that interact with plants. With chapters contributed by experts, the book focuses on: Pathogenesis Epidemiology Forecasting systems Control measures including diagnosis, quarantine, and eradication Adoption of agro-traditional practices Tools for the control of antibacterial polypeptides Nutrient supplements Metabolic substances from other organisms Mechanisms of siderophores Host resistances Quorum sensing and quenching Seed and foliar applications Impact of plant pathogens on scientific and economic levels The editors’ approach provides a broad perspective, including modern trends in ecology that consider plant pathogenic bacterial control from all angles. The discussions and reviews in the book cover a wide range of aspects of plant pathogenic bacterial pathogenicity, epidemiology, and impact on the food chain as well as strategies for control, which will help you develop sustainable methods for controlling plant diseases.

Soil Microbiomes for Sustainable Agriculture

Ajar Nath Yadav
Soil Microbiomes for Sustainable Agriculture Book PDF

Author : Ajar Nath Yadav
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 634 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2021-06-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030735074

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Soil Microbiomes for Sustainable Agriculture by Ajar Nath Yadav Pdf

This book encompasses current knowledge of soil microbiomes and their potential biotechnological application for plant growth, crop yield, and soil health under the natural as well as harsh environmental conditions for sustainable agriculture. The microbes are ubiquitous in nature. The soil is a natural hotspot of the soil microbiome. The soil microbiome plays a critical role in the maintenance of global nutrient balance and ecosystem functioning. The soil microbiomes are associated with plant ecosystems through the intense network of plant–microbe interactions. The microbes present in bulk soil move toward the rhizospheric region due to the release of different nutrients by plant systems. The rhizospheric microbes may survive or proliferate in rhizospheric zone depending on the extent of influences of the chemicals secreted into the soil by roots. The root exudates contain the principal nutrients factors (amino acids, glucose, fructose, and sucrose). The microbes present in rhizospheric region have capabilities to fix atmospheric nitrogen, produce different phytohormones, and solubilize phosphorus, potassium, and zinc. The plant systems take these nutrients for their growth and developments. These soil and plant associated microbes also play an important role in protection of plants from different plant pathogenic organisms by producing different secondary metabolites such as ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, siderophores, and hydrolytic enzymes. The soil microbiomes with plant growth-promoting (PGP) attributes have emerged as an important and promising tool for sustainable agriculture. The soil microbiomes promote the plant growth and enhance the crop yield and soil fertility via directly or indirectly different plant growth-promoting mechanism. The soil microbes help the plant for adaptation in extreme habitats by mitigating the abiotic stress of high/low temperatures, hypersalinity, drought, and acidic/alkaline soil. These PGP microbes are used as biofertilizers/bioinoculants to replace the harmful chemical fertilizers for sustainable agriculture and environments. The aim of the book “Soil Microbiomes for Sustainable Agriculture” is to provide the recent advances in mechanisms of plant growth promotion and applications of soil microbiomes for mitigation of different abiotic stresses in plants. The book is useful to scientists, researchers, and students related to microbiology, biotechnology, agriculture, molecular biology, environmental biology, and related subjects.