Impact Of Household Food Insecurity On Adherence To Antiretroviral Therapy Art Among Urban Plhiv

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Impact of Household Food Insecurity on Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) among Urban PLHIV

Eyasu Desta Menamo
Impact of Household Food Insecurity on Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy ART among Urban PLHIV Book PDF

Author : Eyasu Desta Menamo
Publisher : Anchor Academic Publishing (aap_verlag)
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2014-07-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9783954897575

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Impact of Household Food Insecurity on Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) among Urban PLHIV by Eyasu Desta Menamo Pdf

HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, “Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome,” has become one of the world’s most serious health and development challenges, since the first cases were reported in 1981: At the end of 2010, an estimated 34 million people were living with HIV globally, including 3.4 million children less than 15 years. The number of people newly infected in 2010 was 2.7 million. Almost all of those living with HIV (97%) reside in low and middle income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Sub-Saharan Africa remained the most affected region in the global AIDS epidemic. This regions accounts more than two third (68%) of people living with HIV. Most children with HIV live in this region. Globally, the annual numbers of people newly infected with HIV continues to decline (Global HIV/AIDS Response progress report, 2011).

Food Insecurity and Public Health

Louise Ivers
Food Insecurity and Public Health Book PDF

Author : Louise Ivers
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2015-05-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781466599062

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Food Insecurity and Public Health by Louise Ivers Pdf

Affecting more than 800 million people, food insecurity is a global problem that runs deeper than hunger and undernutrition. In addition to the obvious impact on physical well-being, food insecurity can result in risky coping strategies, increased expenditures on medical costs or transportation, and mental health issues. A review of the concepts and impacts of food insecurity through the lens of public health, Food Insecurity and Public Health details the complex issue of food insecurity and explores its reach beyond economics and agronomics. The book guides you through the fundamentals, beginning with theory, and the challenges in measuring it, and moving on to the impact of food insecurity on health. The book details the implications of food insecurity on public health practice, including epidemiology and outcomes of diseases such as HIV, TB, and non-communicable diseases, and the specific impact on women’s health. It closes with case studies from the Navajo Nation, Kenya, and Southern Africa, offering the opportunity to learn from real-life successes and challenges. Each chapter also considers programs or interventions that have been used to attempt to address the issue, including a discussion of the US federal food stamps program. In truth, however, there continues to be a dearth of data on the ways in which programs can effectively address the problem of food insecurity at the household, community, or district level in either the short or long term—beyond, of course, the elimination of poverty, which is no doubt a root cause of the problem. The book gives you context for considering the links between food insecurity and health, and a framework for seeking integrated solutions to both problems.

Food and Nutrition Security in Southern African Cities

Bruce Frayne,Jonathan Crush,Cameron McCordic
Food and Nutrition Security in Southern African Cities Book PDF

Author : Bruce Frayne,Jonathan Crush,Cameron McCordic
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2017-12-22
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351850773

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Food and Nutrition Security in Southern African Cities by Bruce Frayne,Jonathan Crush,Cameron McCordic Pdf

Urban population growth is extremely rapid across Africa and this book places urban food and nutrition security firmly on the development and policy agenda. It shows that current efforts to address food poverty in Africa that focus entirely on small-scale farmers, to the exclusion of broader socio-economic and infrastructural approaches, are misplaced and will remain largely ineffective in ameliorating food and nutrition insecurity for the majority of Africans. Using original data from the African Food Security Urban Network’s (AFSUN) extensive database it is demonstrated that the primary food security challenge for urban households is access to food. Already linked into global food systems and value chains, Africa’s supply of food is not necessarily in jeopardy. Rather, the widespread poverty and informal urban fabric that characterizes Africa’s emerging cities impinge directly on households’ capacity to access food that is readily available. Through the analysis of empirical data collected from 6,500 households in eleven cities in nine countries in Southern Africa, the authors identify the complexity of factors and dynamics that create the circumstances of widespread food and nutrition insecurity under which urban citizens live. They also provide useful policy approaches to address these conditions that currently thwart the latent development potential of Africa’s expanding urban population.

Handbook of Nutrition and Pregnancy

Carol J. Lammi-Keefe,Sarah C. Couch,John P. Kirwan
Handbook of Nutrition and Pregnancy Book PDF

Author : Carol J. Lammi-Keefe,Sarah C. Couch,John P. Kirwan
Publisher : Humana Press
Page : 445 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2018-08-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319909882

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Handbook of Nutrition and Pregnancy by Carol J. Lammi-Keefe,Sarah C. Couch,John P. Kirwan Pdf

​This easy to use text provides practitioners and researchers with a global view of current and emerging issues concerned with successful pregnancy outcomes and approaches that have been successful or show promise in ensuring a successful pregnancy. The fully updated and revised second edition expands its scope with topics not covered in the first edition including pregnancy and military service; sleep disorders during pregnancy; the gut microbiome during pregnancy and the newborn; requirement for vitamin D in pregnancy; the environment—contaminants and pregnancy; preeclampsia and new approaches to treatment; health disparities for whites, blacks, and teen pregnancies; depression in pregnancy—role of yoga; safe food handling for successful pregnancy outcome; relationship of epigenetics and diet in pregnancy; caffeine during pregnancy; polycystic ovary syndrome; US Hispanics and preterm births; celiac disease and pregnancy; cannabis use during pregnancy. The second edition of Handbook of Nutrition and Pregnancy will be a valuable resource for clinicians and other healthcare professionals who treat and counsel women of child-bearing age and pregnant women.

Nutrition and HIV/AIDS

Nancy Dumais
Nutrition and HIV AIDS Book PDF

Author : Nancy Dumais
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 92 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2020-04-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781789841374

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Nutrition and HIV/AIDS by Nancy Dumais Pdf

This edited volume, “Nutrition and HIV/AIDS - Implication for Treatment, Prevention and Cure”, is a collection of reviewed and relevant research chapters, offering a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field. The book comprises single chapters authored by various researchers and edited by an expert active in the research area. All chapters are complete in themselves but united under a common research study topic. This publication aims at providing a thorough overview of the latest research efforts by international authors and opening new possible research paths for further novel developments.

Nutrition and HIV

Saurabh Mehta,Julia Finkelstein
Nutrition and HIV Book PDF

Author : Saurabh Mehta,Julia Finkelstein
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2018-05-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781351058186

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Nutrition and HIV by Saurabh Mehta,Julia Finkelstein Pdf

The world continues to lose more than a million lives each year to the HIV epidemic, and nearly two million individuals were infected with HIV in 2017 alone. The new Sustainable Development Goals, adopted by countries of the United Nations in September 2015, include a commitment to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. Considerable emphasis on prevention of new infections and treatment of those living with HIV will be needed to make this goal achievable. With nearly 37 million people now living with HIV, it is a communicable disease that behaves like a noncommunicable disease. Nutritional management is integral to comprehensive HIV care and treatment. Improved nutritional status and weight gain can increase recovery and strength of individuals living with HIV/AIDS, improve dietary diversity and caloric intake, and improve quality of life. This book highlights evidence-based research linking nutrition and HIV and identifies research gaps to inform the development of guidelines and policies for the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. A comprehensive approach that includes nutritional interventions is likely to maximize the benefit of antiretroviral therapy in preventing HIV disease progression and other adverse outcomes in HIV-infected men and women. Modification of nutritional status has been shown to enhance the quality of life of those suffering HIV/AIDS, both physically in terms of improved body mass index and immunological markers, and psychologically, by improving symptoms of depression. While the primary focus for those infected should remain on antiretroviral treatment and increasing its availability and coverage, improvement of nutritional status plays a complementary role in the management of HIV infection.

Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6)

King K. Holmes,Stefano Bertozzi,Barry R. Bloom,Prabhat Jha
Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 6 Book PDF

Author : King K. Holmes,Stefano Bertozzi,Barry R. Bloom,Prabhat Jha
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 506 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2017-11-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781464805257

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Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6) by King K. Holmes,Stefano Bertozzi,Barry R. Bloom,Prabhat Jha Pdf

Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.

The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2018

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2018 Book PDF

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2018-09-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789251305720

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The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2018 by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

New evidence this year corroborates the rise in world hunger observed in this report last year, sending a warning that more action is needed if we aspire to end world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. Updated estimates show the number of people who suffer from hunger has been growing over the past three years, returning to prevailing levels from almost a decade ago. Although progress continues to be made in reducing child stunting, over 22 percent of children under five years of age are still affected. Other forms of malnutrition are also growing: adult obesity continues to increase in countries irrespective of their income levels, and many countries are coping with multiple forms of malnutrition at the same time – overweight and obesity, as well as anaemia in women, and child stunting and wasting.

HIV/AIDS and Food and Nutrition Security

Stuart Gillespie,Suneetha Kadiyala
HIV AIDS and Food and Nutrition Security Book PDF

Author : Stuart Gillespie,Suneetha Kadiyala
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780896295063

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HIV/AIDS and Food and Nutrition Security by Stuart Gillespie,Suneetha Kadiyala Pdf

The HIV/AIDS pandemic is a global crisis with consequences that will be felt for decades to come. Thirty-nine million people are currently infected with the virus, including more than 25 million from Sub-Saharan Africa.Many millions more are affected in different ways. The ability of households and communities to ensure their own food and nutrition security is increasingly being threatened. With the most detailed evidence base yet assembled, this review systematically maps our growing knowledge of the interactions between HIV/AIDS and food and nutrition security, pointing to where and how future policy needs to change to remain relevant and effective.

Multimorbidity in Primary Care

Sanghamitra Pati,Stefan Essig
Multimorbidity in Primary Care Book PDF

Author : Sanghamitra Pati,Stefan Essig
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 127 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2024-04-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832542699

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Multimorbidity in Primary Care by Sanghamitra Pati,Stefan Essig Pdf

Multimorbidity is the term used when an individual has two or more long term health conditions and is considered a major health care challenge facing countries globally. The prevalence of Multimorbidity is increasing, partly due to an aging population, and is associated with a reduced quality of life and life expectancy, as well as an increased use of emergency or unplanned care.

Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV Infection

World Health Organization
Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV Infection Book PDF

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 429 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : AIDS (Disease)
ISBN : 9241549688

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Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV Infection by World Health Organization Pdf

These guidelines provide guidance on the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection and the care of people living with HIV. They are structured along the continuum of HIV testing, prevention, treatment and care. This edition updates the 2013 consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs following an extensive review of evidence and consultations in mid-2015, shared at the end of 2015, and now published in full in 2016. It is being published in a changing global context for HIV and for health more broadly.

The Wiley Handbook of Healthcare Treatment Engagement

Andrew Hadler,Stephen Sutton,Lars Osterberg
The Wiley Handbook of Healthcare Treatment Engagement Book PDF

Author : Andrew Hadler,Stephen Sutton,Lars Osterberg
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 550 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2020-01-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781119129523

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The Wiley Handbook of Healthcare Treatment Engagement by Andrew Hadler,Stephen Sutton,Lars Osterberg Pdf

Against a global backdrop of problematic adherence to medical treatment, this volume addresses and provides practical solutions to the simple question: “Why don’t patients take treatments that could save their lives?” The Wiley handbook of Healthcare Treatment Engagement offers a guide to the theory, research and clinical practice of promoting patient engagement in healthcare treatment at individual, organizational and systems levels. The concept of treatment engagement, as explained within the text, promotes a broader view than the related concept of treatment adherence. Treatment engagement encompasses more readily the lifestyle factors which may impact healthcare outcomes as much as medication-taking, as well as practical, economic and cultural factors which may determine access to treatment. Over a span of 32 chapters, an international panel of expert authors address this far-reaching and fascinating field, describing a broad range of evidence-based approaches which stand to improve clinical services and treatment outcomes, as well as the experience of users of healthcare service and practitioners alike. This comprehensive volume adopts an interdisciplinary approach to offer an understanding of the factors governing our healthcare systems and the motivations and behaviors of patients, clinicians and organizations. Presented in a user-friendly format for quick reference, the text first supports the reader’s understanding by exploring background topics such as the considerable impact of sub-optimal treatment adherence on healthcare outcomes, before describing practical clinical approaches to promote engagement in treatment, including chapters referring to specific patient populations. The text recognizes the support which may be required throughout the depth of each healthcare organization to promote patient engagement, and in the final section of the book, describes approaches to inform the development of healthcare services with which patients will be more likely to seek to engage. This important book: Provides a comprehensive summary of practical approaches developed across a wide range of clinical settings, integrating research findings and clinical literature from a variety of disciplines Introduces and compliments existing approaches to improve communication in healthcare settings and promote patient choice in planning treatment Presents a range of proven clinical solutions that will appeal to those seeking to improve outcomes on a budget Written for health professionals from all disciplines of clinical practice, as well as service planners and policy makers, The Wiley Handbook of Healthcare Treatment Engagement is a comprehensive guide for individual practitioners and organizations alike.

Consolidated Guideline on Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Women Living with HIV

World Health Organization
Consolidated Guideline on Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Women Living with HIV Book PDF

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2017-02-20
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9789241549998

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Consolidated Guideline on Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Women Living with HIV by World Health Organization Pdf

he starting point for this guideline is the point at which a woman has learnt that she is living with HIV and it therefore covers key issues for providing comprehensive sexual and reproductive health and rights-related services and support for women living with HIV. As women living with HIV face unique challenges and human rights violations related to their sexuality and reproduction within their families and communities as well as from the health-care institutions where they seek care particular emphasis is placed on the creation of an enabling environment to support more effective health interventions and better health outcomes. This guideline is meant to help countries to more effectively and efficiently plan develop and monitor programmes and services that promote gender equality and human rights and hence are more acceptable and appropriate for women living with HIV taking into account the national and local epidemiological context. It discusses implementation issues that health interventions and service delivery must address to achieve gender equality and support human rights.

Making Health Services Adolescent Friendly

World Health Organization
Making Health Services Adolescent Friendly Book PDF

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9241503599

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Making Health Services Adolescent Friendly by World Health Organization Pdf

"This guidebook sets out the public health rationale for making it easier for adolescents to obtain the health services that they need to protect and improve their health and well-being, including sexual and reproductive health services. It defines 'adolescent-friendly health services' from the perspective of quality, and provides step-by-step guidance on developing quality standards for health service provision to adolescents. Drawing upon international experience, it is also tailored to national epidemiological, social, cultural and economic realities, and provides guidance on identifying what actions need to be taken to assess whether appropriate standards have been achieved."--Introduction, page v.

Mental Health Economics

Denise Razzouk
Mental Health Economics Book PDF

Author : Denise Razzouk
Publisher : Springer
Page : 459 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2017-08-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319552668

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Mental Health Economics by Denise Razzouk Pdf

The main objective of this work is to provide a book with high quality content that becomes a reference and support for graduate course (Mental Health, Public Health and Epidemiology) and for research in the domain of health economics applied to mental health. Also this book might be useful for policymakers on formulating mental health policies. Key messages of this book are based on: a) mental illness represent a huge cost for society and for health care; b) health economics applied to mental health could help in the optimization of resource allocation for mental health care and for better decision making in terms of balancing costs and benefits; c) interventions and treatment should be also chosen in general medical practice and in public decision-policy according to cost-effectiveness, burden of disease and equity principles; d) quality of care is related with better outcomes, higher quality of life for clients, and with lower costs for society and health system (best value for money); e) it is possible to decrease the burden of mental disorders with cost-effective treatments. The book is divided in four main topics: 1. Introduction to Health Economics applied to Mental Health – this section is an overview of basic principles, concepts and methods used in Economics and Health Economics to enable students to make critical appraisal of Health Economics texts and also to design research studies in this topic. 2. Health Economics applied to the evaluation of quality and costs of Mental Health Services – this section presents results of Brazilian studies on the costs of mental health care (hospital, outpatient care, residential care, informal care), methods on the measurement of costs and it discusses issues related with public policies decisions and quality of mental health car in the low and middle income countries context. There is also an overview of quality indicators of mental health care and instruments to evaluate mental health services and costs.3. Health Economics applied to evaluate treatment of mental disorders - This section presents a review of cost-effectiveness of pharmacological treatments and other interventions applied for treating the most burdensome mental disorders such as depressive and anxiety disorders, bipolar disorders, psychosis, alcohol and drug disorders, dementia, and hyper attention deficit disorders. 4. Health Economics, burden and indirect costs of mental disorders - This section highlights the social and economic burden caused by mental illness under societal perspective focusing on stigma, unemployment, indirect costs in the workplace (absenteeism and presenteeism), the relationship between poverty and mental disorders, global health and social determinants of mental health and on the costs of mental disorders (depression, anxiety, psychosis, alcohol and drug disorders). We present some instruments to measure indirect costs of mental disorders.