Impacts Of Changing Pastoral Strategies On Environmental Resources And Livelihoods In Tanzania S Lake Victoria Basin

Author : Elliott Phillemons Niboye
Publisher : African Books Collective
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789994455447

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Impacts of Changing Pastoral Strategies on Environmental Resources and Livelihoods in Tanzania's Lake Victoria Basin by Elliott Phillemons Niboye Pdf

Land tenure in pastoral and agro pastoral areas of Tanzania is under stress. The stress emanates mainly from changing natural and demographic environments. Other underlying causes are social, economic and political changes. In the past three to four decades, both pastoral and agro-pastoral areas have been experiencing rapid population increase, with a national mean population growth rate estimated at 3 per cent per annum (Kurian 1992). This has increased demand for cultivation lands, forcing pastoralists and agro-pastoralists to more marginal areas and triggering off in some cases environmental degradation process. These processes are paralleled by overall climatic changes with concomitant increasing droughts. The combined effect of these processes has culminated into a general decline of pastoral and agro-pastoral communityis welfare and increased livelihood insecurity. This study explored the impacts of these changes in agro-pastoral land use on the physical environment as well as livelihood and welfare of the community in Missungwi District.

Author : Rattan Lal,Bal Ram Singh,Dismas L. Mwaseba,David Kraybill,David O. Hansen,Lars Olav Eik
Publisher : Springer
Page : 665 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2014-10-10
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9783319093604

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Sustainable Intensification to Advance Food Security and Enhance Climate Resilience in Africa by Rattan Lal,Bal Ram Singh,Dismas L. Mwaseba,David Kraybill,David O. Hansen,Lars Olav Eik Pdf

This 32-chapter volume represents the core of several oral and poster presentations made at the conference. In addition to Introduction and Conclusion sections, the book is thematically divided into 7 sections, namely, 1) Land Use and Farming Systems, 2) Effects of Climate Change on Crop Yield, 3) Soil Nutrient and Water Management for Carbon Sequestration, 4) Rehabilitation of Degraded Lands through Forestry and Agroforestry, 5) Management of Animal Production for Greenhouse Gas Emissions, 6) Smallholder Adaptation to Climate Change, and 7) Economic, Social and Policy Issues. It addresses these themes in the context of sustainable intensification (SI). It implies increasing agronomic production from the existing land while improving/restoring its quality and decreasing the C or environmental footprint. Simply put, SI means producing more from less.

Author : Saidi Mkomwa,Amir H. Kassam
Publisher : CABI
Page : 537 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2022-01-11
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781789245745

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Conservation Agriculture in Africa by Saidi Mkomwa,Amir H. Kassam Pdf

Tillage agriculture has led to widespread soil and ecosystem degradation globally, and more particularly in the developing regions. This is especially so in Africa where traditional agricultural practices have become unsustainable due to severe exploitation of natural resources with negative impacts on the environment and food system. In addition, agricultural land use in Africa today faces major challenges including increased costs, climate change and a need to transform to more sustainable production intensification systems. Conservation Agriculture has emerged as a major alternative sustainable climate smart agriculture approach in Africa and has spread to many African countries in the past decade as more development and research, including in sustainable mechanization, has enabled its extension and uptake. It is key to transforming Africa's agriculture and food system given its ability to restore soil health, biodiversity and productivity of millions of smallholder farms as well as larger-scale farms. This book is aimed at all agricultural stakeholders in the public, private and civil sectors in Africa engaged in supporting the transformation of conventional tillage agriculture to Conservation Agriculture. The book will be of interest to: researchers, academics, students, development stakeholders, public and private sector investors and policy makers as well as institutional libraries across the world.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 652 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Social sciences
ISBN : STANFORD:36105123017910

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OSSREA Bulletin by Anonim Pdf

Author : Christopher B. Field,Vicente R. Barros
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 695 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2014-12-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107058163

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Climate Change 2014 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Regional Aspects by Christopher B. Field,Vicente R. Barros Pdf

This latest Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) will again form the standard reference for all those concerned with climate change and its consequences, including students, researchers and policy makers in environmental science, meteorology, climatology, biology, ecology, atmospheric chemistry and environmental policy.

Author : Yanda, Pius Zebhe,Mung'ong'o, Claude Gasper
Publisher : Mkuki na Nyota Publishers
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-03
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789987753925

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Pastoralism and Climate Change in East Africa by Yanda, Pius Zebhe,Mung'ong'o, Claude Gasper Pdf

Pastoralism and Climate Change in East Africa provides systematic and robust empirical investigations on the impact of climate change on pastoral production systems, as well as participating in the ongoing debate over the efficacy of traditional pastoralism. This book is an initial product of the Project Building Knowledge to Support Climate Change Adaptation for Pastoralist Communities in East Africa implemented by the Centre for Climate Change Studies of the University of Dar es Salaam with support from the Open Society Initiative for Eastern Africa. Traditional pastoralism has proved to be a resilient and unique system of adaptations in a dynamic process of unpredictable climatic variability and continuous human interactions with the natural environment in dryland ecosystems. Pastoral adaptations and climate-induced innovative coping mechanisms have strategically been embedded in the indigenous social structures and resource management value systems. Pastoral livelihoods have, nevertheless, become increasingly vulnerable to climate change impacts as a result of prolonged marginalization and harmful external interventions. The negative effect of global climate change has been an added dimension to the already prevailing crisis in the pastoral livelihood system, which is substantially driven by non-climatic factors of internal and external pressures of change such as population growth, bad governance and shrinking rangelands lost to competing activities.

Author : Michele Nori,Michael Taylor,Alessandra Sensi
Publisher : IIED
Page : 33 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Arid regions
ISBN : 9781843697015

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Browsing on Fences by Michele Nori,Michael Taylor,Alessandra Sensi Pdf

Author : Adrian Wood,Alan Dixon,Matthew McCartney
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2013-06-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781136470639

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Wetland Management and Sustainable Livelihoods in Africa by Adrian Wood,Alan Dixon,Matthew McCartney Pdf

In this book the authors argue for a paradigm shift in the way African wetlands are considered. Current policies and wetland management are too frequently underpinned by a perspective that views agriculture simply as a threat and disregards its important contribution to livelihoods. In rural areas where people are entrenched in poverty, wetlands (in particular wetland agriculture) have a critical role to play in supporting and developing peoples' livelihoods. Furthermore, as populations rise and climate change takes grip they will be increasingly important. The authors argue that an approach to wetland management that is much more people focused is required. That is an approach that instead of being concerned primarily with environmental outcomes is centred on livelihood outcomes supported by the sustainable use of natural wetland resources. The authors stress the need for Integrated Water Resource Management and landscape approaches to ensure sustainable use of wetlands throughout a river catchment and the need for wetland management interventions to engage with a wide range of stakeholders. They also assess the feasibility of creating incentives and value in wetlands to support sustainable use. Drawing on nine empirical case studies, this book highlights the different ways in which sustainable use of wetlands has been sought, each case focusing on specific issues about wetlands, agriculture and livelihoods.

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2018-10-29
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789251308981

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Pastoralism in Africa’s drylands by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

Pastoral livestock production is crucial to the livelihoods and the economy of Africa’s semiarid regions. It developed 7,000 years ago in response to long-tern climate change. It spread throughout Northern Africa as an adaptation to the rapidly changing and increasingly unpredictable arid climate. It is practiced in an area representing 43% of Africa’s land mass in the different regions of Africa, and in some regions it represents the dominant livelihoods system. It covers 36 countries, stretching from the Sahelian West to the rangelands of Eastern Africa and the Horn and the nomadic populations of Southern Africa, with an estimate of 268 million pastoralists. The mobility of pastoralists exploiting the animal feed resources along different ecological zones represents a flexible response to a dry and increasingly variable environment. It allows pastoral herds to use the drier areas during the wet season and more humid areas during the dry season. It ensures pastoral livestock to access sufficient high-quality grazing and create economic value. The objectives of this report are to investigate the current situation of pastoralism and the vulnerability context in which pastoralism currently functions and to outline the policy, resilience programming, and research areas of intervention to enhance the resilience of pastoral livelihoods systems. Scholarly views of pastoralism’s ecological impact have grown more positive since the early 1990s, when a new understanding of dryland dynamics led to the so-called new rangeland paradigm. The new rangeland paradigm represents a shift in the wider discourse on pastoralism from the earlier debates based on the “tragedy of the commons.” The new rangeland paradigm has provided a more comprehensive understanding of the drylands and shown that mobility is an appropriate strategy to exploit the natural resource base in these areas. In recent decades, the adaptability and mobility of pastoralism in relation to resource variability have been undermined by factors that are embedded in the institutional environment and policy that shape the vulnerability context of pastoralism. The report analyzes five factors that undermine the pastoral livelihoods resilience and the implications of these factors for the viability of pastoralism. On the basis of the analysis of vulnerability contexts that shape pastoralism, the report identifies interventions for increasing pastoral resilience.

Author : Andy Catley,Jeremy Lind,Ian Scoones
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2013-05-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136255854

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Pastoralism and Development in Africa by Andy Catley,Jeremy Lind,Ian Scoones Pdf

Once again, the Horn of Africa has been in the headlines. And once again the news has been bad: drought, famine, conflict, hunger, suffering and death. The finger of blame has been pointed in numerous directions: to the changing climate, to environmental degradation, to overpopulation, to geopolitics and conflict, to aid agency failures, and more. But it is not all disaster and catastrophe. Many successful development efforts at ‘the margins’ often remain hidden, informal, sometimes illegal; and rarely in line with standard development prescriptions. If we shift our gaze from the capital cities to the regional centres and their hinterlands, then a very different perspective emerges. These are the places where pastoralists live. They have for centuries struggled with drought, conflict and famine. They are resourceful, entrepreneurial and innovative peoples. Yet they have been ignored and marginalised by the states that control their territory and the development agencies who are supposed to help them. This book argues that, while we should not ignore the profound difficulties of creating secure livelihoods in the Greater Horn of Africa, there is much to be learned from development successes, large and small. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars with an interest in development studies and human geography, with a particular emphasis on Africa. It will also appeal to development policy-makers and practitioners.

Author : A. Z. Mattee
Publisher : IIED
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Arid regions
ISBN : 9781843696063

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Ambivalence and Contradiction by A. Z. Mattee Pdf

Author : Joseph L. Awange,Obiero Ong'ang'a
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2006-08-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783540325758

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Lake Victoria by Joseph L. Awange,Obiero Ong'ang'a Pdf

This book constitutes a pioneering and unique work on Lake Victoria. It is the world’s second largest fresh-water lake and supports the livelihood of more than 30 million people. Surprisingly, there has been no comprehensive book addressing its problems and potentials. Ecology, environmental pollution and resource management are some of the issues addressed by this comprehensive insight into the limitations, challenges and opportunities facing Lake Victoria.

Author : Dilys Roe,Fred Nelson,Chris Sandbrook
Publisher : IIED
Page : 207 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Conservation of natural resources
ISBN : 9781843697558

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Community Management of Natural Resources in Africa by Dilys Roe,Fred Nelson,Chris Sandbrook Pdf

Provides a pan-African synthesis of community-based natural resource management (CBNRM), drawing on multiple authors and a wide range of documented experiences from Southern, Eastern, Western and Central Africa. This title discusses the degree to which CBNRM has met poverty alleviation, economic development and nature conservation objectives.

Author : Valentí Rull,Encarni Montoya,Thomas Giesecke,Jesse L. Morris
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2019-01-11
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889456871

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Palynology and Vegetation History by Valentí Rull,Encarni Montoya,Thomas Giesecke,Jesse L. Morris Pdf

This Research Topic commemorates the centenary of the first quantitative pollen diagram by Lennart von Post, the founder of paleoecological palynology. The main aim is to provide a thorough view of the use of palynology in aspects such as the reconstruction of Quaternary vegetation and environmental changes, the role of natural and anthropogenic drivers in the development of the Quaternary vegetation, the shaping of present-day ecological and biogeographical patterns, the potential application of this knowledge in biodiversity conservation and landscape restoration and the development of new methods of pollen analysis and data management. The Research Topic is subdivided into four main conceptual parts, namely (1) modern analog studies; (2) land cover estimates from pollen data; (3) vegetation dynamics reconstructions from Europe, North and South America, Africa and Oceania; and (4) large-scale reviews and meta-analyses. Hopefully, this Research Topic will serve to appraise the state of the art of modern palynology and highlight the usefulness of this discipline in long-term ecological research.

Author : Samwel Shanga Mhajida
Publisher : Göttingen University Press
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Datooga (African people)
ISBN : 9783863954017

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The Collapse of a Pastoral Economy by Samwel Shanga Mhajida Pdf

This research unravels the economic collapse of the Datoga pastoralists of central and northern Tanzania from the 1830s to the beginning of the 21st century. The research builds from the broader literature on continental African pastoralism during the past two centuries. Overall, the literature suggests that African pastoralism is collapsing due to changing political and environmental factors. My dissertation aims to provide a case study adding to the general trends of African pastoralism, while emphasizing the topic of competition as not only physical, but as something that is ethnically negotiated through historical and collective memories. There are two main questions that have guided this project: 1) How is ethnic space defined by the Datoga and their neighbours across different historical times? And 2) what are the origins of the conflicts and violence and how have they been narrated by the state throughout history? Examining archival sources and oral interviews it is clear that the Datoga have struggled through a competitive history of claims on territory against other neighbouring communities. The competitive encounters began with the Maasai entering the Serengeti in the 19th century, and intensified with the introduction of colonialism in Mbulu and Singida in the late 19th and 20th centuries. The fight for control of land and resources resulted in violent clashes with other groups. Often the Datoga were painted as murderers and impediments to development. Policies like the amalgamation measures of the British colonial administration in Mbulu or Ujamaa in post-colonial Tanzania aimed at confronting the “Datoga problem,” but were inadequate in neither addressing the Datoga issues of identity, nor providing a solution to their quest for land ownership and control.