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Author : Joseph Kutzin,Cheryl Cashin,Melitta Jakab
Publisher : Observatory Studies
Page : 438 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Medical
ISBN : UCBK:C105403247
Analyses the experience with the financing reforms implemented by the countries of Central Europe, Eastern Europe, the Cauxasus and Central Asia.
Author : J. Kutzin
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Economics
ISBN : 9289042125
Since 1990 the social and economic policies of the transition countries of central and eastern Europe the Caucasus and central Asia have diverged including the way they have reformed the financing of their health systems. This book analyses this rich experience in a systematic way. It reviews the background to health financing systems and reform in these countries starting with the legacy of the systems in the USSR and central and eastern Europe before 1990 and the consequences (particularly fiscal) of the transition for their organization and performance. Using in-depth country case experienc.
Author : Pablo Gottret,George Schieber,Hugh R. Waters
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2008-06-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780821376836
For humanitarian reasons and the concern for households' economic and health security, the health sector is at the center of global development policy. Developing countries and the international community are scaling up health systems to meet the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and are improving financial protection by securing long-term support for these gains. Yet money alone cannot buy health gains or prevent impoverishment due to catastrophic medical bills; well structured, results-based financing reforms are needed. Unfortunately, global evidence of successful health financing policies that can guide the reform effort is very limited and therefore the policy debate is often driven by ideological, one-size-fits-all solutions. Good Practices in Health Financing: Lessons from Reforms in Low- and Middle-Income Countries' attempts to begin to fill the void by systematically assessing health financing reforms in nine low- and middle-income countries that have managed to expand their health financing systems to both improve health status and protect against catastrophic medical expenses. The participating countries are: Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Estonia, the Kyrgyz Republic, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Tunisia, and Vietnam. The study seeks to identify common enabling factors of their good performance. While the findings for each country are important, collectively they send a clear message to the global community that more attention is needed to define good practice and then to evaluate and disseminate the global evidence base.
Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee on Assessing Health Care Reform Proposals
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 85 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 1993-02-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309049269
This book establishes a framework for assessing health care reform proposals and their implementation. It helps clarify objectives, identifies issues to be addressed in proposals, distinguishes between short- and long-term expectations and achievements, and directs attention to important but sometimes neglected questions about the organization and provision of health care services. In addition, the volume presents a discussion and analysis of issues essential to achieving fundamental goals of health care reform: to maintain and improve health and well-being, to make basic health coverage universal, and to encourage the efficient use of limited resources. The book is a useful resource for anyone developing or assessing options for reform.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2009-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780821380079
In 2004 the Indonesian government made a commitment to provide its entire population with health insurance coverage through a mandatory public health insurance scheme. It has moved boldly already provides coverage to an estimated 76.4 million poor and near poor, funded through the public budget. Nevertheless, over half the population still lacks health insurance coverage, and the full fiscal impacts of the government's program for the poor have not been fully assessed or felt. In addition, significant deficiencies in the efficiency and equity of the current health system, unless addressed will exacerbate cost pressures and could preclude the effective implementation of universal coverage (Ue and the desired result of improvements in population health outcomes and financial protection. For Indonesia to achieve UC, systems' performance must be improved and key policy choices with respect to the configuration of the health financing system must be made. Indonesia's health system performs well with respect to some health outcomes and financial protection, but there is potential for significant improvement. High-level political decisions are necessary on key elements of the health financing reform package. The key transitional questions to get there include: [ the benefits that can be afforded and their impacts on health outcomes and financial protection; [ how the more than 50 percent of those currently without coverage will be insured; [ how to pay medical care providers to assure access, efficiency, and quality; [ developing a streamlined and efficient administrative structure; [ how to address the current supply constraints to assure availability of promised services; [ how to raise revenues to finance the system, including the program for the poor as well as currently uninsured groups that may require government subsidization such as the more than 60 million informal sector workers, the 85 percent of workers in firms of less than five employees, and the 70 percent of the population living in rural areas.
Author : Caryn Bredenkamp,Elina Dale,Olena Doroshenko,Yuriy Dzhygyr,Jarno Habicht,Loraine Hawkins,Alexandr Katsaga,Kateryna Maynzyuk,Khrystyna Pak,Olga Zues
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 111 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2022-07-18
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781464818400
In 2015, the government of Ukraine initiated transformative reforms of its health system with the goals of improving the health outcomes of the population and providing financial protection from excessive out-of-pocket health care payments. This was to be implemented through modernizing and integrating the service delivery system, introducing changes to provider payment arrangements that incentivize efficiency, and improving the quality of care. It culminated in the passage of a new health financing law--the Law on Financial Guarantees for Health Care Services 2017--which established a health benefit package called the Program of Medical Guarantees (PMG), and also created the National Health Services of Ukraine (NHSU) to serve as strategic purchaser for this program. A joint World Health Organization--World Bank review of the early reforms was published in 2019 that took stock of reform progress since 2017. Two years later, implementation of the health financing reforms has progressed substantially, and it is time to again review where things stand and what the future directions should be. There have been many important accomplishments over the past two years, both in terms of institutional reform and expansion in access to care. The COVID-19 pandemic precipitated adjustments to existing health financing levels and arrangements. At the same time, the pandemic delayed implementation of some aspects of the health financing reforms, such as the anticipated transition to case-based payments. This report provides a comprehensive description and assessment of the development and implementation of policies associated with the PMG reform from the start of the reform in 2017 through mid-2021. It examines (1) how the PMG is financed, (2) strategic purchasing of the different components of PMG benefit package, and (3) the governance arrangements of the PMG. This includes changes in the packages, their contracting arrangements, how they are paid, their complementary enabling reforms, and the extent to which the population is benefiting from them. The report also positions these developments within broader contextual discussions of the financing and organization of health care in Ukraine in order to make the key features of the financing reforms and their importance accessible to domestic and international audiences. Adjustment by the health sector to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic is a common thread. Each section concludes with a set of key recommendations.
Author : John S. Akin,Nancy Birdsall,David M. De Ferranti
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1987-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821309005
This report discusses several different approaches that support reforming health care services in developing countries. For some time now, health care services have been supported by government funds. As demands for improving health care services continue to increase additional demands will be placed on governments to respond. This, however, will not be easy. Slow economic growth and record budget deficits in the 1980's have forced reductions in public spending. Alternative approaches to finance health care services are needed. Such possible changes could involve: decentralization of federal government involvement; the promotion of nongovernment involvement; the imposition of user fees; and, establishing health insurance. Finally, the role of the Bank in pursuing new financing strategies is discussed.
Author : Alexander S. Preker,Marianne E. Lindner,Dov Chernichovsky,Onno P. Schellekens
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 778 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2013-05-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821385791
This book presents an in-depth review on the role of health care financing in improving access for low-income populations to needed care, protecting them from the impoverishing effects of illness, and addressing the important issues of social exclusion in government financed programs.
Author : Kieke G Okma,Tim Tenbensel,Luca Crivelli
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2020-02-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811208935
This book presents the health reform experiences over the past three decades of twelve small and medium-sized nations that are not often included in international comparative studies in this field. The major conclusion of the study is that despite many similarities in policy goals, policy challenges and in the menu of policy options for countries that seek to offer universal coverage to their population, the health reforms of the nations in this book did not converge into one direction or model. However, we found several widespread policy experiences that are relevant for others, too.For example, user fees are unpopular everywhere. Governments often try to soften the consequences by exempting large groups of users, thus largely defeating the very purpose of those fees.As a second example, the introduction of new payment modes for medical care — like the shift from fee for service to case-based payment — took much longer than originally expected everywhere, and also failed to deliver their promises of improved transparency or efficiency gains A third example is that proposals are for universal coverage often ignore the challenges of implementing new financing models that elsewhere took decades if not centuries to develop.The conclusions contain both empirical findings and theoretical conclusions of interest to policy-makers and scholars of international comparison. It is accessible for academics, healthcare managers and students as well as a wider audience of readers interested in the changes in healthcare across the world.
Author : Sabrina Ching Yuen Luk
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2014-03-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317748632
This book empirically examines health care financing reforms and popular responses in three major cities in East Asia: Shanghai, Singapore, and Hong Kong. It adopts a new revised version of the theory of historical institutionalism to compare and explain the divergent reform paths in these three places over the past three decades. It also examines forces that propel institutional change. The book provides three detailed case studies on the development of health care financing reforms and the politics of implementing them. It shows that health care systems in Shanghai, Singapore, and Hong Kong were the products of Western presence in the nineteenth century. It illustrates how greater attention is paid to the roles played by ideas, actors, and environmental triggers without abandoning the core assumptions that political institutions and policy feedback remain central to impact health care financing reforms. It shows that health care financing reform is shaped by a complex interplay of forces over time. It also provides the most updated material about health care financing reforms in Shanghai, Singapore, and Hong Kong. The central argument of this book is that health care financing reform is both an evolving process responding to changing circumstances and a political process revealing an intricate interplay of power relationships and diverse interests. It shows that institutional changes in health care financing system can be incremental but transformative in nature. It argues that social policies will continue to develop and welfare states will continue to adapt and evolve in order to cope with new risks and needs. This book sheds new lights on understanding the politics of health care financing reform and sources and modes of institutional change.
Author : Jack Langenbrunner,Cheryl Cashin,Sheila O'Dougherty
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2009-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780821378243
Strategic purchasing of health services involves a continuous search for the best ways to maximize health system performance by deciding which interventions should be purchased, from whom these should be purchased, and how to pay for them. In such an arrangement, the passive cashier is replaced by an intelligent purchaser that can focus scarce resources on existing and emerging priorities rather than continuing entrenched historical spending patterns.Having experimented with different ways of paying providers of health care services, countries increasingly want to know not only what to do when paying providers, but also how to do it, particularly how to design, manage, and implement the transition from current to reformed systems. 'Designing and Implementing Health Care Provider Payment Systems: How-To Manuals' addresses this need.The book has chapters on three of the most effective provider payment systems: primary care per capita (capitation) payment, case-based hospital payment, and hospital global budgets. It also includes a primer on a second policy lever used by purchasers, namely, contracting. This primer can be especially useful with one provider payment method: hospital global budgets. The volume's final chapter provides an outline for designing, launching, and running a health management information system, as well as the necessary infrastructure for strategic purchasing.
Author : Marc Roberts,William Hsiao,Peter Berman,Michael Reich
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2008-04-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199888160
This book provides a multi-disciplinary framework for developing and analyzing health sector reforms, based on the authors' extensive international experience. It offers practical guidance - useful to policymakers, consultants, academics, and students alike - and stresses the need to take account of each country's economic, administrative, and political circumstances. The authors explain how to design effective government interventions in five areas - financing, payment, organization, regulation, and behavior - to improve the performance and equity of health systems around the world.
Author : Management Association, Information Resources
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 840 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2021-04-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781799889618
Public health has become an essential area of focus in terms of the way it operates, the services offered, policies, and more. Maintaining an effective public health system and infrastructure, updated and useful policies, and health literacy are primary concerns. A critical analysis of public healthcare policy and services is critical to accommodate the changing health demands of the global population. Through a deeper understanding of the way public health services are offered, a look into policymaking and current policies in healthcare, and the way health literacy and health education are promoted, the current state and future of public health are acknowledged. The Research Anthology on Public Health Services, Policies, and Education presents a view of public health through an analysis of healthcare services and delivery; policies in terms of policymaking, ethics, and governance; as well as the way society is educated on public health affairs. The chapters will cover a wide range of issues such as healthcare policy, health literacy, healthcare reform, accessibility, public welfare, and more. This book is essential for public health officials, government officials, policymakers, teachers, medical professionals, health agencies and organizations, professionals, researchers, academics, practitioners, and students interested in the current state of public health and the improvement of public health services and policies for the future.
Author : John Lavis
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2016-12
Category : Medical care
ISBN : 1927565111
Author : George Schieber,Cheryl Cashin,Karima Saleh,Rouselle Lavado
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2012-08-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780821395677
This volume analyzes Ghana s National Health Insurance Scheme and highlights the range of policy options needed to assure its financially sustainable transition to universal coverage.