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Implicit Meanings by Professor Mary Douglas,Mary Douglas Pdf
Implicit Meanings was first published to great acclaim in 1975. It includes writings on the key themes which are associated with Mary Douglas' work and which have had a major influence on anthropological thought, such as food, pollution, risk, animals and myth. The papers in this text demonstrate the importance of seeking to understand beliefs and practices that are implicit and a priori within what might seem to be alien cultures.
Implicit Meanings by Professor Mary Douglas,Mary Douglas Pdf
Implicit Meanings was first published to great acclaim in 1975. It includes writings on the key themes which are associated with Mary Douglas' work and which have had a major influence on anthropological thought, such as food, pollution, risk, animals and myth. The papers in this text demonstrate the importance of seeking to understand beliefs and practices that are implicit and a priori within what might seem to be alien cultures.
Implicit Meaning Comprehension in Autism Spectrum Disorders by Yhara Formisano Pdf
The book is based upon a PhD thesis focusing on implicit meaning comprehension in people along the spectrum of autistic disorders (ASD). The point of departure of the study was that, though existing research studies agree on a generalized pragmatic impairment in this clinical population even in cases in which all other levels of linguistic competence are spared, the cause of this impairment of pragmatic skills in toto is still unknown. The hypothesis underlying this book is that an explanation for this may be found in the fact that researchers appear to be conducting their work in order to demonstrate that the theory upon which their research is based is the definitive explanation for this phenomenon. Taking a critical stand towards this type of approach, the research presented in this book is grounded upon a solid theoretical basis, but does not seek to demonstrate the superiority of one theoretical hypothesis over another. The first two chapters are theoretical in scope, and serve as a foundation for understanding previous research and, hence, the rationale of the investigation carried out here. From chapter three onwards, the main body of research of this particular study is presented and the results are discussed. In order to verify the degree of implicit meaning understanding, the participants in this research study were administered a test that included both written items and videos of conversational exchanges containing a specific kind of implicit meaning about which they were asked questions. The videos allowed for the inclusion of all the contextual clues necessary for utterance interpretation and, also, for the analysis of the extent to which the inability to interpret implicit meaning depends on testing modality. The test elaborated for this research differs from those of previous studies mainly because of this feature, which pays due attention to context, thereby allowing for interactions that are as realistic as possible. Moreover, participants were asked to motivate their answers, and this proved fundamental in the data interpretation phase. The results of the study contradict previous research findings insofar as regards the severity of the impairment, in that ASD patients demonstrate an ability, albeit at different levels, to disambiguate sentences and assign a non-literal meaning to utterances.
The Explicit and the Implicit in Language and Speech by Liudmila Liashchova Pdf
Our ability to acquire a language – one of the most complex semiotic systems – is stunning. However, to describe and explain even a small fraction of this system and of this ability is a great challenge. This book brings together modified papers of seventeen university scholars from Belarus, Germany, Russia and Lithuania originally presented at an international conference held in Minsk, Belarus, in 2017, on different hidden and implicit aspects of language and the ways of disclosing and explicating them. Language is understood by them differently as a cognitive ability, a specific semiotic structure interwoven with culture, and a discourse. This book will be of great interest to a wide range of linguist-theoreticians, specialists in applied linguistics, and the general reader with an interest in understanding what exactly language is.
Counselling and Therapy Techniques by Augustine Meier,Micheline Boivin Pdf
This is the first book on counselling skills to look in detail at the practical interventions and tools used to establish the therapeutic relationship. Step-by-step, the text teaches the reader exactly how to use these skills with clients to address their concerns and achieve therapeutic change. Integrative and pluralistic in approach, the text covers the key techniques from all the major therapeutic models, placing them in their historical and theoretical contexts. Techniques covered include empathic responding, experiential focusing, Gestalt, metaphors, task-directed imagery, ego state therapy, solution focused therapy, cognitive behvioral therapy, narrative therapy and self-in-relationship therapy. The book: - presents each technique from the perspective of its underlying theory; - gives practical instruction on how to deliver each intervention; - provides extracts from counselling sessions to demonstrate the technique in action. This book is crucial reading for all trainees on counselling and psychotherapy courses or preparing to use counselling techniques in a range of other professional settings. It is also helpful for professionals who wish to acquire additional skills. Augustine Meier, certified clinical psychologist, professor Emeritus, Faculty of Human Sciences, Saint Paul University, Ottawa, Ontario and Founder and President of the Ottawa Institute for Object Relations Therapy. Micheline Boivin, certified clinical psychologist, Psychological Services of the Family, Youth and Children′s Program at the Centre for Health and Social Services, Gatineau, Québec.
What is meaning? Paul Horwich presents an original philosophical theory, demonstrates its richness, and reconciles his theory with a rational view of meaning derived from its use, thereby vindicating his standpoint.
Philosophy of Nonsense by Jean-Jacques Lecercle Pdf
'Jean-Jacques Lecercle's remarkable Philosophy of Nonsense offers a sustained and important account of an area that is usually hastily dismissed. Using the resources of contemporary philosophy - notably Deleuze and Lyotard - he manages to bring out the importance of nonsense' - Andrew Benjamin, University of Warwick Why are we, and in particular why are philosophers and linguists, so fascinated with nonsense? Why do Lewis Carroll and Edward Lear appear in so many otherwise dull and dry academic books? This amusing, yet rigorous new book by Jean-Jacques Lecercle shows how the genre of nonsense was constructed and why it has proved so enduring and enlightening for linguistics and philosophy.
The Reason's Proper Study by Bob Hale,Crispin Wright Pdf
Bob Hale and Crispin Wright draw together here the key writings in which they have worked out their distinctive neo-Fregean approach to the philosophy of mathematics. The two main components in Frege's mathematical philosophy were his platonism and his logicism — the claims, respectively, that mathematics is a body of knowledge about independently existing objects, and that this knowledge may be acquired on the basis of general logical laws and suitable definitions. The central thesis of this collection is that Frege was — his own eventual recantation notwithstanding — substantially right in both claims. Where neo-Fregeanism principally differs from Frege is in taking a more optimistic view of the kind of contextual explanation (proceeding via what are now commonly called abstraction principles) of the fundamental concepts of arithmetic and analysis which Frege considered and rejected. On this basis, neo-Fregeanism promises defensible and attractive answers to some of the most important ontological and epistemological questions in the philosophy of mathematics. In addition to fourteen previously published papers, the volume features a new paper on the Julius Caesar problem; a substantial new introduction mapping out the programme and the contributions made to it by the various papers; a postscript explaining which issues most require further attention; and bibliographies both of references and of further useful sources. The Reason's Proper Study will be recognized as the most powerful presentation yet of the neo-Fregean programme; it will prove indispensable reading not just to philosophers of mathematics but to all who are interested in the fundamental metaphysical and epistemological issues on which the programme impinges.
Discourse Interpretation by Olga Dontcheva-Navratilova,Renata Povolná Pdf
Discourse Interpretation: Approaches and Applications provides new insights into the complex area of discourse interpretation in a wide range of discourse types and genres. The authors adopt a variety of approaches to the representation and interpretation of meaning in discourse to share the understanding that discourse interpretation is a dynamic construct constantly open to reinterpretation in the light of the intentions and purposes of in particular social, historical and situational contexts. The chapters of the book comprise essays by linguists working in the fields of (critical) discourse analysis, pragmatics, stylistics and sociolinguistics which address methodological issues in discourse interpretation (Part I) and explore various aspects of representation and interpretation of meaning in different genres of spoken and written discourse, namely conversational, academic, media, political and fictional discourse (Part II). This volume, which combines theoretical insights with empirical investigations, contributes to a better understanding of the interpretative process and will be of interest to a wide range of researchers, scholars and students of English.
This inspiring, insightful new text provides a practical guide to helping clients live a meaningful and satisfying life despite the challenges they may be facing. Divided into three parts, it starts by drawing on empirical research to demonstrate the effectiveness of meaning-oriented practice and reviews a large body of literature on meaning in a wide-range of psychological and philosophical approaches, translating this into specific recommendations for practitioners. It continues by exploring the basic skill set required for working effectively in this area – from how to assess clients' needs and address issues of meaning, to specific existential, phenomenological and mindfulness skills. Finally, it provides a step guide to applying the skills to clinical practice with the support of examples and case studies from a range of professions. In what is still an emerging area of practice, this text stands alone as a comprehensive source of reference for both students and practitioners across the full range of people professions.
Written by a leading expert in the field of culturally competent psychotherapeutic practice, this book presents an integrated psychotherapeutic framework designed to help students and practitioners understand, investigate and treat clients from diverse cultural backgrounds. La Roche introduces a logical theoretical model that takes into account the influence of sociopolitical, economic and cultural processes within the psychotherapeutic process. Using a three-phased psychotherapeutic model with specific clinical recommendations and suggestions for each phase, the book explores complex clinical cases that illustrate in detail each phase. Unique in its approach to and definition of the concept of cultural diversity, Cultural Psychotherapy expands the traditional ethnicity/race model to a model that examines individuals and groups according to a broader set of variables. In other words, the key to enhancing our understanding of our clients is to take into account the rich and dynamic context in which their lives develop and evolve.
Text & Reality by Jeff Bernard,Jurij Fikfak,Peter Grzybek Pdf
Delo odpira nekatere temeljne dileme razmerja med resničnostjo in njenim ubesedovanjem. Osvetlili so jih strokovnjaki različnih disciplin, ki jih povezuje temeljno semiotično stališče o tekstu kot kompleksnem znaku, katerega funkciji sta reprezentiranje resničnosti in pragmatično umeščanje govorečega/spoznavajočega subjekta v to resničnost.
Locating World Cinema argues for the importance of understanding the local context of a film's creation and the nuances that it conveys to the spectator. It examines the sociocultural contexts intrinsic to cinema from milieus like the USSR/Russia, China, Japan, France, the US, Iran and India. The book analyses the works of some of the more celebrated but, at times, less than fully understood auteurs, such as Kenji Mizoguchi from Japan; Robert Bresson, Jacques Rivette and Éric Rohmer from France; Abbas Kiarostami from Iran; Martin Scorsese from the US; Zhang Yimou from China and Aleksei German from Russia. Further, it examines how the conditions of exhibition for art house cinema has transformed into the 'global art film' that attempts to bypass the local by addressing international audiences. The book deals with complex ideas but is lucidly written, making it accessible to film students and lay persons alike.