In Defense Of Informal Logic

Author : D.S. Levi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401718509

Get Book

In Defense of Informal Logic by D.S. Levi Pdf

My impulse when I decided to collect into a single volume the essays on topics in logical theory and related subjects that I have written in the last fifteen years was to borrow from the title of a work by Sextus Empiricus, and call my collection "Against the Logicians." Although the essays address a variety of problems that interest me, the thread that runs through them is a scepticism about how logicians see things. So, the title appealed to me. However, I had second thoughts and chose instead a title of one of my own essays, "In Defense of Informal Logic", which emphasizes my support for other approaches. Although my criticisms of logical theory are designed to cut deeply, I do not want to be unresponsive to the needs that it is supposed to satisfy. However, my position that we have adequate resources for critically analyzing a particular argument and 00 not need a theory of argumentation, will not completely satisfy those who think that there is a need for it. So, I want them to know that I am taking their concerns seriously.

Author : Ralph H. Johnson
Publisher : University of Windsor
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2014-07-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780920233719

Get Book

The Rise of Informal Logic by Ralph H. Johnson Pdf

We are pleased to release this digital edition of Ralph Johnson’s The Rise of Informal Logic as Volume 2 in the series Windsor Studies in Argumentation. This edition is a reprint of the previous Vale Press edition with some minor corrections. We have decided to make this the second volume in the series because it is such a compelling account of the formation of informal logic as a discipline, written by one of the founders of the field. The book includes essential chapters on the history and development of informal logic. Other chapters are key reflections on the theoretical issues raised by the attempt to understand informal argument. Many of the papers were previously published in important journals. A number of them were co-authored with J. Anthony Blair. Three of them have appeared only in the present book.

Author : Douglas N. Walton
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 1989-07-28
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0521379253

Get Book

Informal Logic by Douglas N. Walton Pdf

This is an introductory guide to the basic principles of constructing good arguments and criticizing bad ones. It is nontechnical in its approach, and is based on 150 key examples, each discussed and evaluated in clear, illustrative detail. The author explains how errors, fallacies, and other key failures of argument occur. He shows how correct uses of argument are based on sound argument strategies for reasoned persuasion and critical questions for responding. Among the many subjects covered are: techniques of posing, replying to, and criticizing questions, forms of valid argument, relevance, appeals to emotion, personal attack, uses and abuses of expert opinion, problems in deploying statistics, loaded terms, equivocation, and arguments from analogy.

Author : Alec Fisher
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Creative thinking
ISBN : IND:30000004389320

Get Book

Critical Thinking by Alec Fisher Pdf

Author : Ralph Henry Johnson,J. Anthony Blair
Publisher : IDEA
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Education
ISBN : 1932716181

Get Book

Logical Self-defense by Ralph Henry Johnson,J. Anthony Blair Pdf

Classic work once again available. Offers step-by-step guidelines for identifying and analyzing arguments. It outlines a theory of good argument to use for purposes of evaluating and constructing arguments. It contains guidelines for constructing arguments and for preparing and writing essays or briefs. Special methods for interpreting and assessing longer arguments are provided. It gives guidelines to help filter out the more reliable information from newspapers and television news. Offers an array of devices to deal with the tricks and deceits of so much of today's advertising. Helps students improve their ability to recognize, interpret, and evaluate arguments and to formulate clear, well-organized arguments themselves. Secondary and college students, debate coaches, classroom instructors, community active people.

Author : Douglas Walton
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 366 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2008-06-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 113947281X

Get Book

Informal Logic by Douglas Walton Pdf

Second edition of the introductory guidebook to the basic principles of constructing sound arguments and criticising bad ones. Non-technical in approach, it is based on 186 examples, which Douglas Walton, a leading authority in the field of informal logic, discusses and evaluates in clear, illustrative detail. Walton explains how errors, fallacies, and other key failures of argument occur. He shows how correct uses of argument are based on sound strategies for reasoned persuasion and critical responses. This edition takes into account many developments in the field of argumentation study that have occurred since 1989, many created by the author. Drawing on these developments, Walton includes and analyzes 36 new topical examples and also brings in work on argumentation schemes. Ideally suited for use in courses in informal logic and introduction to philosophy, this book will also be valuable to students of pragmatics, rhetoric, and speech communication.

Author : Wayne Grennan
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1997-04-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780773566453

Get Book

Informal Logic by Wayne Grennan Pdf

Grennan bases his evaluation of arguments on two criteria: logical adequacy and pragmatic adequacy. He asserts that the common formal logic systems, while logically sound, are not very useful for evaluating everyday inferences, which are almost all deductively invalid as stated. Turning to informal logic, he points out that while more recent informal logic and critical thinking texts are superior in that their authors recognize the need to evaluate everyday arguments inductively, they typically cover only inductive fallacies, ignoring the inductively sound patterns frequently used in successful persuasion. To redress these problems, Grennan introduces a variety of additional inductive patterns. Concluding that informal logic texts do not encourage precision in evaluating arguments, Grennan proposes a new argument evaluation procedure that expresses judgments of inferential strength in terms of probabilities. Based on theories of Stephen Toulmin, Roderick Chisholm, and John Pollock, his proposed system allows for a more precise judgment of the persuasive force of arguments.

Author : John Woods
Publisher : Springer
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2018-02-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783319726588

Get Book

Truth in Fiction by John Woods Pdf

This monograph examines truth in fiction by applying the techniques of a naturalized logic of human cognitive practices. The author structures his project around two focal questions. What would it take to write a book about truth in literary discourse with reasonable promise of getting it right? What would it take to write a book about truth in fiction as true to the facts of lived literary experience as objectivity allows? It is argued that the most semantically distinctive feature of the sentences of fiction is that they areunambiguously true and false together. It is true that Sherlock Holmes lived at 221B Baker Street and also concurrently false that he did. A second distinctive feature of fiction is that the reader at large knows of this inconsistency and isn’t in the least cognitively molested by it. Why, it is asked, would this be so? What would explain it? Two answers are developed. According to the no-contradiction thesis, the semantically tangled sentences of fiction are indeed logically inconsistent but not logically contradictory. According to the no-bother thesis, if the inconsistencies of fiction were contradictory, a properly contrived logic for the rational management of inconsistency would explain why readers at large are not thrown off cognitive stride by their embrace of those contradictions. As developed here, the account of fiction suggests the presence of an underlying three - or four-valued dialethic logic. The author shows this to be a mistaken impression. There are only two truth-values in his logic of fiction. The naturalized logic of Truth in Fiction jettisons some of the standard assumptions and analytical tools of contemporary philosophy, chiefly because the neurotypical linguistic and cognitive behaviour of humanity at large is at variance with them. Using the resources of a causal response epistemology in tandem with the naturalized logic, the theory produced here is data-driven, empirically sensitive, and open to a circumspect collaboration with the empirical sciences of language and cognition.

Author : Douglas Walton,Alan Brinton
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2016-12-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351930703

Get Book

Historical Foundations of Informal Logic by Douglas Walton,Alan Brinton Pdf

In just the last twenty years there has arisen a strong interest, especially among teachers of logic at the universities, in teaching techniques of applied logical reasoning and critical thinking. Many universities are now stressing these skills at an introductory level, and to meet the need, informal logic has begun to form and grow as a discipline in its own right. Like all subjects, it helps us to understand it if we can situate it in a context of historical development. This collection of essays provides the readings required to understand the development of a subject whose historical origins have been so far little studied. Many of the chapters are written by scholars in philosophy and speech communication who are themselves leading contributors to the subject, and their contemporary views throw light on how these earlier writers have influenced their thinking. This dimension gives an added interest to the essays, and indicates the way informal logic is currently evolving and seeking out its ancient historical origins.

Author : Robert J. Fogelin,Walter Sinnott-Armstrong
Publisher : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt P
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0155926721

Get Book

Understanding Arguments by Robert J. Fogelin,Walter Sinnott-Armstrong Pdf

Author : Irving M. Copi,Keith Burgess-Jackson
Publisher : Pearson
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Education
ISBN : UOM:39015040530951

Get Book

Informal Logic by Irving M. Copi,Keith Burgess-Jackson Pdf

On logic

Author : J. Anthony Blair,Ralph Henry Johnson
Publisher : Inverness, Calif. : Edgepress
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Fallacies (Logic)
ISBN : UCAL:B4395300

Get Book

Informal Logic by J. Anthony Blair,Ralph Henry Johnson Pdf

Author : John Nolt
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Humanities, Social Sciences & World Languages
Page : 460 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Logic
ISBN : UCAL:B4395334

Get Book

Informal Logic by John Nolt Pdf

Author : Douglas N. Walton
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1987-01-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789027278906

Get Book

Informal Fallacies by Douglas N. Walton Pdf

The basic question of this monograph is: how should we go about judging arguments to be reasonable or unreasonable? Our concern will be with argument in a broad sense, with realistic arguments in natural language. The basic object will be to engage in a normative study of determining what factors, standards, or procedures should be adopted or appealed to in evaluating an argument as “good,” “not-so-good,” “open to criticism,” “fallacious,” and so forth. Hence our primary concern will be with the problems of how to criticize an argument, and when a criticism is reasonably justified.

Author : Douglas Walton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401729406

Get Book

Scare Tactics by Douglas Walton Pdf

Scare Tactics, the first book on the subject, provides a theory of the structure of reasoning used in fear and threat appeal argumentation. Such arguments come under the heading of the argumentum ad baculum, the `argument to the stick/club', traditionally treated as a fallacy in the logic textbooks. The new dialectical theory is based on case studies of many interesting examples of the use of these arguments in advertising, public relations, politics, international negotiations, and everyday argumentation on all kinds of subjects. Many of these arguments are amusing, once you see the clever tactic used; others are scary. Some of the arguments appear to be quite reasonable, while others are highly suspicious, or even outrageously fraudulent. In addition to the examples taken from logic textbooks, other cases treated come from a variety of sources, including political debates, legal arguments, and arguments from media sources, like magazine articles and television ads. The purpose of this book is to explain how such arguments work as devices of persuasion, and to develop a method for analyzing and evaluating their reasonable and fallacious uses in particular cases. The book shows how such arguments share a common structure, revealing several distinctive forms of argument nested within each other. Based on its account of this cognitive structure, the new dialectical theory presents methods for identifying, analyzing, and evaluating these arguments, as they are used in specific cases. The book is a scholarly contribution to argumentation theory. It is written in an accessible style, and uses many colorful and provocative examples of fear and threat appeal arguments that are suitable for classroom discussions. The matters treated will be of interest to professionals and students in law, critical thinking, advertising, speech communication, informal logic, cognitive science, rhetoric, and media studies.