Individual Differences In Judgement And Decision Making

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Individual Differences in Judgement and Decision-Making

Maggie E. Toplak,Joshua Weller
Individual Differences in Judgement and Decision Making Book PDF

Author : Maggie E. Toplak,Joshua Weller
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2016-11-25
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317265313

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Individual Differences in Judgement and Decision-Making by Maggie E. Toplak,Joshua Weller Pdf

Children face an overwhelming amount of information and a range of different choices every day, and so there has never been a more important time to understand how children learn to make judgments and decisions in our modern world. Individual Differences in Judgment and Decision-Making presents cutting-edge developmental research to advance our knowledge and understanding of how these competencies emerge. Focusing on the role of individual differences, the text provides a complementary theoretical approach to understanding the development of judgment and decision-making skills, and how and why these competencies vary within and between different periods of development. Sampling a diverse set of developmental paradigms and measures, as well as considering typical and atypically developing samples, this volume provokes thinking about how we can support our children and youth to help them make better choices. Drawing on the expertise of a range of international contributors, this book will be of interest to students and researchers of thinking and reasoning from both cognitive and developmental psychology backgrounds.

Judgment and Decision Making

Baruch Fischhoff
Judgment and Decision Making Book PDF

Author : Baruch Fischhoff
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781136497339

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Judgment and Decision Making by Baruch Fischhoff Pdf

Behavioral decision research offers a distinctive approach to understanding and improving decision making. It combines theory and method from multiple disciples (psychology, economics, statistics, decision theory, management science). It employs both empirical methods, to study how decisions are actually made, and analytical ones, to study how decisions should be made and how consequential imperfections are. This book brings together key publications, selected to represent the major topics and approaches used in the field. Put in one place, with integrating commentary, it shows the common elements in a research program that represents the scope of the field, while offering depth in each. Together, they provide a vision for what has become a burgeoning field.

Judgment and Decision Making at Work

Scott Highhouse,Reeshad S. Dalal,Eduardo Salas
Judgment and Decision Making at Work Book PDF

Author : Scott Highhouse,Reeshad S. Dalal,Eduardo Salas
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2013-09-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135021955

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Judgment and Decision Making at Work by Scott Highhouse,Reeshad S. Dalal,Eduardo Salas Pdf

Employees are constantly making decisions and judgments that have the potential to affect themselves, their families, their work organizations, and on some occasion even the broader societies in which they live. A few examples include: deciding which job applicant to hire, setting a production goal, judging one’s level of job satisfaction, deciding to steal from the cash register, agreeing to help organize the company’s holiday party, forecasting corporate tax rates two years later, deciding to report a coworker for sexual harassment, and predicting the level of risk inherent in a new business venture. In other words, a great many topics of interest to organizational researchers ultimately reduce to decisions made by employees. Yet, numerous entreaties notwithstanding, industrial and organizational psychologists typically have not incorporated a judgment and decision-making perspective in their research. The current book begins to remedy the situation by facilitating cross-pollination between the disciplines of organizational psychology and decision-making. The book describes both laboratory and more “naturalistic” field research on judgment and decision-making, and applies it to core topics of interest to industrial and organizational psychologists: performance appraisal, employee selection, individual differences, goals, leadership, teams, and stress, among others. The book also suggests ways in which industrial and organizational psychology research can benefit the discipline of judgment and decision-making. The authors of the chapters in this book conduct research at the intersection of organizational psychology and decision-making, and consequently are uniquely positioned to bridging the divide between the two disciplines.

Making Decisions That Matter

Kathleen M. Galotti
Making Decisions That Matter Book PDF

Author : Kathleen M. Galotti
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2005-07-11
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135664879

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Making Decisions That Matter by Kathleen M. Galotti Pdf

Researchers studying decision making have traditionally studied the phenomenon in the laboratory, with hypothetical decisions that may or may not involve the decision maker's values, passions, or areas of expertise. The assumption is that the findings of these well-controlled laboratory studies will shed light on the important decisions people make in their everyday lives. This book examines that assumption. The volume begins by covering four basic phases of decision making: setting or clarifying goals, gathering information, structuring the decision, and making a final choice. Comprehensive reviews of existing literature on each of these topics is provided. Next, the author examines differences in decision making as a function of several factors not typically discussed in the literature: the type of decision being made (e.g., legal, medical, moral) and the existence of individual differences in the decision maker (developmental differences, individual differences in style or temperament, differences as a function of expertise). The author then examines the topic of group decision making, contrasting it with individual decision making. The volume concludes with some observations and suggestions for improving peoples' everyday decision making. This book is intended for use as a core textbook or supplement for courses in psychology, education, or allied disciplines. It will also be an invaluable resource for people who work with people making decisions in various applied settings, such as schools, universities, and health care centers.

Thinking

David Hardman,Laura Macchi
Thinking Book PDF

Author : David Hardman,Laura Macchi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2004-01-09
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780470871775

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Thinking by David Hardman,Laura Macchi Pdf

The first international handbook to bring the areas of reasoning,judgment and decision making together, now in paperback format. The book brings three of the important topics of thinkingtogether - reasoning, judgment and decision making â?? anddiscusses key issues in each area. The studies described range fromthose that are purely laboratory based to those that involveexperts making real world judgments, in areas such as medical andlegal decision making and political and economic forecasting. * International collection of original chapters by leadingresearchers in the field * Several chapters contain important new theoreticalperspectives * Paperback version is more affordable for individualresearchers

Judgment and Decision Making

David Hardman
Judgment and Decision Making Book PDF

Author : David Hardman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2009-02-09
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781405123983

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Judgment and Decision Making by David Hardman Pdf

Judgment and Decision Making is a refreshingly accessible text that explores the wide variety of ways people make judgments. An accessible examination of the wide variety of ways people make judgments Features up-to-date theoretical coverage, including perspectives from evolutionary psychology and neuroscience Covers dynamic decision making, everyday decision making, individual differences, group decision making, and the nature of mind and brain in relation to judgment and decision making Illustrates key concepts with boxed case studies and cartoons

Human Judgement and Decision Processes

Martin F. Kaplan
Human Judgement and Decision Processes Book PDF

Author : Martin F. Kaplan
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781483288727

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Human Judgement and Decision Processes by Martin F. Kaplan Pdf

Human Judgment and Decision Processes is a collection of papers that covers the various theoretical frameworks that relate judgment to decision making. The book is comprised of 10 chapters that cover both mathematical models involved in decision making and interpersonal aspect of judgment process. The first five chapters cover papers about decision making. The subjects of the papers include multiattribute utility measurement for social decision making; portfolio theory and the measurement of risk; and information-integration analysis of risky decision making. The other half of the text deals with the judgment process, which includes topics such as interaction of judge and informational components; judgment and decision processes in the formation and change of social attitudes; and the role of probabilistic and syllogistic reasoning in cognitive organization and social inference. The book will be of great use to psychologists involved in research on human judgment and decision process.

Judgment, Decision-Making, and Embodied Choices

Markus Raab
Judgment Decision Making and Embodied Choices Book PDF

Author : Markus Raab
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2020-10-14
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780128235607

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Judgment, Decision-Making, and Embodied Choices by Markus Raab Pdf

Judgment, Decision-Making, and Embodied Choices introduces a new concept of embodied choices which take sensorimotor experiences into account when limited time and resources forces a person to make a quick decision. This book combines areas of cognitive psychology and movement science, presenting an integrative approach to understanding human functioning in everyday scenarios. This is the first book focusing on the role of the gut as a second brain, introducing the link to risky behavior. The book's author engages readers by providing real-life experiences and scenarios connecting theory to practice. Discusses the role of gut feelings and the brain-gut behavior connection Demonstrates that behavior influences decision and other people’s perceptions about mood or character Includes research on medical decisions and shopping decisions Illustrates how to train embodied choices

Cognitive Sophistication and the Development of Judgment and Decision-Making

Maggie E. Toplak
Cognitive Sophistication and the Development of Judgment and Decision Making Book PDF

Author : Maggie E. Toplak
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2021-10-27
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780128166451

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Cognitive Sophistication and the Development of Judgment and Decision-Making by Maggie E. Toplak Pdf

Cognitive Sophistication and the Development of Judgment and Decision-Making reviews the existing literature on the development of reasoning, judgment and decision-making, with a primary focus on measures from the heuristics and biases tradition. The book presents a model based on cognitive sophistication to examine the development of judgment and decision-making, including age related differences in developmental samples, associations with intellectual abilities and executive functions, and associations with dispositional tendencies that support judgment and decision-making. Additional sections cover the empirical findings of a longitudinal study conducted over seven years that tie together the discussed aspects related to cognitive sophistication. This book will provide a much-needed description of the theoretical and conceptual issues, a review of empirical findings, and an integrative summary of the implications for developmental models of reasoning, judgment and decision-making. Explores whether individual heuristics and biases are associated Reviews individual differences in cognitive abilities and thinking dispositions Examines reasoning from the lens of cognitive sophistication Discusses the implications for models, including dual process models Tests and elaborates using empirical findings from a longitudinal study

Research on Judgment and Decision Making

William M. Goldstein,Robin M. Hogarth
Research on Judgment and Decision Making Book PDF

Author : William M. Goldstein,Robin M. Hogarth
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 772 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1997-06-13
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0521483344

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Research on Judgment and Decision Making by William M. Goldstein,Robin M. Hogarth Pdf

This book offers an overview of recent research on the psychology of judgment and decision making, the field that investigates the processes by which people draw conclusions, reach evaluations, and make choices. An introductory, historically oriented chapter provides a way of viewing the overall structure of the field, its recent trends, and its possible directions. Subsequent sections present significant recent papers by prominent researchers, organized to reveal the currents, connections, and controversies that animate the field. Current trends in the field are illustrated with papers from ongoing streams of research. The papers on "connections" explore memory, explanation and argument, affect, attitudes, and motivation. Finally, a section on "controversies" presents problem representation, domain knowledge, content specificity, rule-governed versus rule-described behavior, and proposals for radical departures and new beginnings in the field. Students and researchers in psychology who have an interest in cognitive processes will find this text to be rewarding reading.

Judgment and Decision Making

Hardman
Judgment and Decision Making Book PDF

Author : Hardman
Publisher : Blackwell Publishers
Page : 221 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Decision making
ISBN : 1405123990

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Judgment and Decision Making by Hardman Pdf

"Judgment and Decision Making" is a refreshingly accessible text that explores the wide variety of ways people make judgments. An accessible examination of the wide variety of ways people make judgments Features up-to-date theoretical coverage, including perspectives from evolutionary psychology and neuroscience Covers dynamic decision making, everyday decision making, individual differences, group decision making, and the nature of mind and brain in relation to judgment and decision making Illustrates key concepts with boxed case studies and cartoons

Rational Choice in an Uncertain World

Reid Hastie,Robyn M. Dawes
Rational Choice in an Uncertain World Book PDF

Author : Reid Hastie,Robyn M. Dawes
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 393 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781412959032

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Rational Choice in an Uncertain World by Reid Hastie,Robyn M. Dawes Pdf

In the Second Edition of Rational Choice in an Uncertain World the authors compare the basic principles of rationality with actual behaviour in making decisions. They describe theories and research findings from the field of judgment and decision making in a non-technical manner, using anecdotes as a teaching device. Intended as an introductory textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, the material not only is of scholarly interest but is practical as well. The Second Edition includes: - more coverage on the role of emotions, happiness, and general well-being in decisions - a summary of the new research on the neuroscience of decision processes - more discussion of the adaptive value of (non-rational heuristics) - expansion of the graphics for decision trees, probability trees, and Venn diagrams.

Noise

Daniel Kahneman,Olivier Sibony,Cass R. Sunstein
Noise Book PDF

Author : Daniel Kahneman,Olivier Sibony,Cass R. Sunstein
Publisher : Little, Brown
Page : 429 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2021-05-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780316451383

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Noise by Daniel Kahneman,Olivier Sibony,Cass R. Sunstein Pdf

From the Nobel Prize-winning author of Thinking, Fast and Slow and the coauthor of Nudge, a revolutionary exploration of why people make bad judgments and how to make better ones—"a tour de force” (New York Times). Imagine that two doctors in the same city give different diagnoses to identical patients—or that two judges in the same courthouse give markedly different sentences to people who have committed the same crime. Suppose that different interviewers at the same firm make different decisions about indistinguishable job applicants—or that when a company is handling customer complaints, the resolution depends on who happens to answer the phone. Now imagine that the same doctor, the same judge, the same interviewer, or the same customer service agent makes different decisions depending on whether it is morning or afternoon, or Monday rather than Wednesday. These are examples of noise: variability in judgments that should be identical. In Noise, Daniel Kahneman, Olivier Sibony, and Cass R. Sunstein show the detrimental effects of noise in many fields, including medicine, law, economic forecasting, forensic science, bail, child protection, strategy, performance reviews, and personnel selection. Wherever there is judgment, there is noise. Yet, most of the time, individuals and organizations alike are unaware of it. They neglect noise. With a few simple remedies, people can reduce both noise and bias, and so make far better decisions. Packed with original ideas, and offering the same kinds of research-based insights that made Thinking, Fast and Slow and Nudge groundbreaking New York Times bestsellers, Noise explains how and why humans are so susceptible to noise in judgment—and what we can do about it.

Chess and Individual Differences

Angel Blanch
Chess and Individual Differences Book PDF

Author : Angel Blanch
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-17
Category : Games & Activities
ISBN : 9781108476041

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Chess and Individual Differences by Angel Blanch Pdf

This book adopts an individual differences approach to explain the psychology of chess by reviewing an extensive body of research.

Individual and Group Decision Making

N. John Castellan
Individual and Group Decision Making Book PDF

Author : N. John Castellan
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2013-02-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781134767977

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Individual and Group Decision Making by N. John Castellan Pdf

The idea for this volume took root during a recent annual convention of the American Psychological Association. The contributors share a common vision of research in their particular area and have had an opportunity to debate and clarify their ideas. Taken as a whole, the fifteen chapters provide an exciting perspective of the field and form a basic set of readings for courses on individual and group decision making in a variety of disciplines. The coverage from basic laboratory research to complex applied group decision processes should challenge researchers and students to pursue the field of decision making as enthusiastic scientists and practitioners.