Informatics Needs And Challenges In Cancer Research

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,National Cancer Policy Forum
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2012-11-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309259484

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Informatics Needs and Challenges in Cancer Research by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,National Cancer Policy Forum Pdf

As information technology becomes an integral part of health care, it is important to collect and analyze data in a way that makes the information understandable and useful. Informatics tools-which help collect, organize, and analyze data-are essential to biomedical and health research and development. The field of cancer research is facing an overwhelming deluge of data, heightening the national urgency to find solutions to support and sustain the cancer informatics ecosystem. There is a particular need to integrate research and clinical data to facilitate personalized medicine approaches to cancer prevention and treatment-for example, tailoring treatment based on an individual patient's genetic makeup as well as that of the tumor-and to allow for more rapid learning from patient experiences. To further examine informatics needs and challenges for 21st century biomedical research, the IOM's National Cancer Policy Forum held a workshop February 27-28, 2012. The workshop was designed to raise awareness of the critical and urgent importance of the challenges, gaps and opportunities in informatics; to frame the issues surrounding the development of an integrated system of cancer informatics for acceleration of research; and to discuss solutions for transformation of the cancer informatics enterprise. Informatics Needs and Challenges in Cancer Research: Workshop Summary summarizes the workshop.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,National Cancer Policy Forum
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2012-10-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309259514

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Informatics Needs and Challenges in Cancer Research by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,National Cancer Policy Forum Pdf

As information technology becomes an integral part of health care, it is important to collect and analyze data in a way that makes the information understandable and useful. Informatics tools-which help collect, organize, and analyze data-are essential to biomedical and health research and development. The field of cancer research is facing an overwhelming deluge of data, heightening the national urgency to find solutions to support and sustain the cancer informatics ecosystem. There is a particular need to integrate research and clinical data to facilitate personalized medicine approaches to cancer prevention and treatment-for example, tailoring treatment based on an individual patient's genetic makeup as well as that of the tumor-and to allow for more rapid learning from patient experiences. To further examine informatics needs and challenges for 21st century biomedical research, the IOM's National Cancer Policy Forum held a workshop February 27-28, 2012. The workshop was designed to raise awareness of the critical and urgent importance of the challenges, gaps and opportunities in informatics; to frame the issues surrounding the development of an integrated system of cancer informatics for acceleration of research; and to discuss solutions for transformation of the cancer informatics enterprise. Informatics Needs and Challenges in Cancer Research: Workshop Summary summarizes the workshop.

Author : John S. Silva,Marion J. Ball,Christopher G. Chute,Judith V. Douglas,Curtis P. Langlotz,Joyce C. Niland,William L. Scherlis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461300632

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Cancer Informatics by John S. Silva,Marion J. Ball,Christopher G. Chute,Judith V. Douglas,Curtis P. Langlotz,Joyce C. Niland,William L. Scherlis Pdf

Cancer Informatics chronicles the development of the National Cancer Institute's new Cancer Informatics Infrastructure (CII) - an information management system infrastructure designed to faciliate clinical trials, provide for reliable, secure information exchange, and improve patient care. The book details the challenges involved in creating and managing such a knowledge base, including technologies, standards, and current, state-of-the-art applications. The ultimate goal of CII is to function as an enabler of clinical trials, expediting the clinical trials lifecycle, faciliating faster and safer drug development and more appropriate treatment choices for cancer patients. Contributors address the role the CII must play in converting the growing knowledge of genes, proteins, and pathways into appropriate preventative, diagnostic, and therapeutic measures. Presented in four sections, the first provides an overview of the processes involved in moving the infrastructure for cancer from theory into practice. Sections two through four offer the latest work done in the areas of technology, cancer-specific and national standards, and applications to faciliate clinical trials.

Author : Igor Jurisica,Dennis A. Wigle,Bill Wong
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2007-05-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780387693217

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Cancer Informatics in the Post Genomic Era by Igor Jurisica,Dennis A. Wigle,Bill Wong Pdf

Cancer Informatics in Post-Genomic Era provides both the necessary methodology and practical information tools for analyzing data in the field of medical information science. This, of course, requires analytic tools. Those tools are garnered by developing and assessing methods and systems for the acquisition, processing, and interpretation of patient data, aided by scientific discovery. Key challenges in this field include integrating research and clinical care, sharing data, and establishing partnerships within and across sectors of patient diagnosis and treatment.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,National Cancer Policy Forum
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 92 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2014-09-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309306690

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Contemporary Issues for Protecting Patients in Cancer Research by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,National Cancer Policy Forum Pdf

In the nearly 40 years since implementation of federal regulations governing the protection of human participants in research, the number of clinical studies has grown exponentially. These studies have become more complex, with multisite trials now common, and there is increasing use of archived biospecimens and related data, including genomics data. In addition, growing emphasis on targeted cancer therapies requires greater collaboration and sharing of research data to ensure that rare patient subsets are adequately represented. Electronic records enable more extensive data collection and mining, but also raise concerns about the potential for inappropriate or unauthorized use of data, bringing patient protections into a new landscape. There are also long-standing concerns about the processes and forms used to obtain informed consent from patients participating in clinical studies. These changes and challenges raise new ethical and practical questions for the oversight of clinical studies, and for protecting patients and their health information in an efficient manner that does not compromise the progress of biomedical research. Contemporary Issues for Protecting Patients in Cancer Research is the summary of a workshop convened by the National Cancer Policy Forum of the Institute of Medicine in February 2014 to explore contemporary issues in human subjects protections as they pertain to cancer research, with the goal of identifying potential relevant policy actions. Clinical researchers, government officials, members of Institutional Review Boards, and patient advocates met to discuss clinical cancer research and oversight. This report examines current regulatory provisions that may not adequately protect patients or may be hindering research, and discusses potential strategies and actions to address those challenges.

Author : Margo Edmunds,Christopher Hass,Erin Holve
Publisher : Springer
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2019-01-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319969060

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Consumer Informatics and Digital Health by Margo Edmunds,Christopher Hass,Erin Holve Pdf

This unique collection synthesizes insights and evidence from innovators in consumer informatics and highlights the technical, behavioral, social, and policy issues driving digital health today and in the foreseeable future. Consumer Informatics and Digital Health presents the fundamentals of mobile health, reviews the evidence for consumer technology as a driver of health behavior change, and examines user experience and real-world technology design challenges and successes. Additionally, it identifies key considerations for successfully engaging consumers in their own care, considers the ethics of using personal health information in research, and outlines implications for health system redesign. The editors’ integrative systems approach heralds a future of technological advances tempered by best practices drawn from today’s critical policy goals of patient engagement, community health promotion, and health equity. Here’s the inside view of consumer health informatics and key digital fields that students and professionals will find inspiring, informative, and thought-provoking. Included among the topics: • Healthcare social media for consumer informatics • Understanding usability, accessibility, and human-centered design principles • Understanding the fundamentals of design for motivation and behavior change • Digital tools for parents: innovations in pediatric urgent care • Behavioral medicine and informatics in the cancer community • Content strategy: writing for health consumers on the web • Open science and the future of data analytics • Digital approaches to engage consumers in value-based purchasing Consumer Informatics and Digital Health takes an expansive view of the fields influencing consumer informatics and offers practical case-based guidance for a broad range of audiences, including students, educators, researchers, journalists, and policymakers interested in biomedical informatics, mobile health, information science, and population health. It has as much to offer readers in clinical fields such as medicine, nursing, and psychology as it does to those engaged in digital pursuits.

Author : Rachel Richesson,James E. Andrews
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 415 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2012-02-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781848824485

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Clinical Research Informatics by Rachel Richesson,James E. Andrews Pdf

The purpose of the book is to provide an overview of clinical research (types), activities, and areas where informatics and IT could fit into various activities and business practices. This book will introduce and apply informatics concepts only as they have particular relevance to clinical research settings.

Author : Michael F. Ochs,John T. Casagrande,Ramana V. Davuluri
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2010-04-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781441957146

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Biomedical Informatics for Cancer Research by Michael F. Ochs,John T. Casagrande,Ramana V. Davuluri Pdf

view, showing that multiple molecular pathways must be affected for cancer to develop, but with different specific proteins in each pathway mutated or differentially expressed in a given tumor (The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network 2008; Parsons et al. 2008). Different studies demonstrated that while widespread mutations exist in cancer, not all mutations drive cancer development (Lin et al. 2007). This suggests a need to target only a deleterious subset of aberrant proteins, since any tre- ment must aim to improve health to justify its potential side effects. Treatment for cancer must become highly individualized, focusing on the specific aberrant driver proteins in an individual. This drives a need for informatics in cancer far beyond the need in other diseases. For instance, routine treatment with statins has become widespread for minimizing heart disease, with most patients responding to standard doses (Wilt et al. 2004). In contrast, standard treatment for cancer must become tailored to the molecular phenotype of an individual tumor, with each patient receiving a different combination of therapeutics aimed at the specific aberrant proteins driving the cancer. Tracking the aberrations that drive cancers, identifying biomarkers unique to each individual for molecular-level di- nosis and treatment response, monitoring adverse events and complex dosing schedules, and providing annotated molecular data for ongoing research to improve treatments comprise a major biomedical informatics need.

Author : Rachel L. Richesson,James E. Andrews,Kate Fultz Hollis
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 519 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2023-06-14
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783031271731

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Clinical Research Informatics by Rachel L. Richesson,James E. Andrews,Kate Fultz Hollis Pdf

This extensively revised new edition comprehensively reviews the rise of clinical research informatics (CRI). It enables the reader to develop a thorough understanding of how CRI has developed and the evolving challenges facing the biomedical informatics professional in the modern clinical research environment. Emphasis is placed on the changing role of the consumer and the need to merge clinical care delivery and research as part of a changing paradigm in global healthcare delivery. Clinical Research Informatics presents a detailed review of using informatics in the continually evolving clinical research environment. It represents a valuable textbook reference for all students and practising healthcare informatics professional looking to learn and expand their understanding of this fast-moving and increasingly important discipline.

Author : Bradford W. Hesse,David Ahern,Ellen Beckjord
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2016-03-17
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780128022009

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Oncology Informatics by Bradford W. Hesse,David Ahern,Ellen Beckjord Pdf

Oncology Informatics: Using Health Information Technology to Improve Processes and Outcomes in Cancer Care encapsulates National Cancer Institute-collected evidence into a format that is optimally useful for hospital planners, physicians, researcher, and informaticians alike as they collectively strive to accelerate progress against cancer using informatics tools. This book is a formational guide for turning clinical systems into engines of discovery as well as a translational guide for moving evidence into practice. It meets recommendations from the National Academies of Science to "reorient the research portfolio" toward providing greater "cognitive support for physicians, patients, and their caregivers" to "improve patient outcomes." Data from systems studies have suggested that oncology and primary care systems are prone to errors of omission, which can lead to fatal consequences downstream. By infusing the best science across disciplines, this book creates new environments of "Smart and Connected Health." Oncology Informatics is also a policy guide in an era of extensive reform in healthcare settings, including new incentives for healthcare providers to demonstrate "meaningful use" of these technologies to improve system safety, engage patients, ensure continuity of care, enable population health, and protect privacy. Oncology Informatics acknowledges this extraordinary turn of events and offers practical guidance for meeting meaningful use requirements in the service of improved cancer care. Anyone who wishes to take full advantage of the health information revolution in oncology to accelerate successes against cancer will find the information in this book valuable. Presents a pragmatic perspective for practitioners and allied health care professionals on how to implement Health I.T. solutions in a way that will minimize disruption while optimizing practice goals Proposes evidence-based guidelines for designers on how to create system interfaces that are easy to use, efficacious, and timesaving Offers insight for researchers into the ways in which informatics tools in oncology can be utilized to shorten the distance between discovery and practice

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Cancer
ISBN : MINN:31951P011662543

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Journal of the National Cancer Institute by Anonim Pdf

Author : Bradford W. Hesse,David Ahern,Ellen Beckjord
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2016-03-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0128021152

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Oncology Informatics by Bradford W. Hesse,David Ahern,Ellen Beckjord Pdf

Oncology Informatics: Using Health Information Technology to Improve Processes and Outcomes in Cancer Care encapsulates NCI-collected evidence into a format that is optimally useful for hospital planners, physicians, researchers, and informaticians alike as they collectively strive to accelerate progress against cancer using informatics tools. Anyone who wishes to take full advantage of the health information revolution in oncology to accelerate successes against cancer will find the information in this book valuable. It is a translational guide for moving evidence into practice, and meets recommendations from the national Academies of Science to reorient the research portfolio toward providing greater cognitive support for physicians, patients, and their caregivers to improve patient outcomes. Data from systems studies have suggested that oncology and primary care systems are prone to errors of omission that can lead to fatal consequences downstream. By infusing the best science across disciplines, this book creates new environments of smart and connected health and acts as a formational guide for turning clinical systems into engines of discovery. Following recommendations from the IOM's Roundtable on Evidence-Based Medicine, the authors encapsulate best practice for creating a Learning Healthcare System in oncology. Presents a pragmatic perspective for practitioners and allied health care professionals on how to implement Health I.T. solutions in a way that will minimize disruption while optimizing practice goals Proposes evidence-based guidelines for designers on how to create system interfaces that are easy to use, efficacious, and timesaving Offers insight for researchers into the ways in which informatics tools in oncology can be utilized to shorten the distance between discovery and practice

Author : Daria Kim
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2021-10-19
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783030867782

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Access to Non-Summary Clinical Trial Data for Research Purposes Under EU Law by Daria Kim Pdf

This book draws a unique perspective on the regulation of access to clinical trial data as a case on research and knowledge externalities. Notwithstanding numerous potential benefits for medical research and public health, many jurisdictions have struggled to ensure access to clinical trial data, even at the level of the trial results. Pro-access policy initiatives have been strongly opposed by research-based drug companies arguing that mandatory data disclosure impedes their innovation incentives. Conventionally, access to test data has been approached from the perspective of transparency and research ethics. The book offers a complementary view and considers access to individual patient-level trial data for exploratory analysis as a matter of research and innovation policy. Such approach appears to be especially relevant in the data-driven economy where digital data constitutes a valuable economic resource. The study seeks to define how the rules of access to clinical trial data should be designed to reconcile the policy objectives of leveraging the research potential of data through secondary analysis, on the one hand, and protecting economic incentives of research-based drug companies, on the other hand. Overall, it is argued that the mainstream innovation-based justification for exclusive control over the outcomes of research and development can hardly rationalise trial sponsors’ control over primary data from trials. Instead, access to such data and its robust analysis should be prioritised.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 151 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2010-10-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309163354

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Transforming Clinical Research in the United States by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation Pdf

An ideal health care system relies on efficiently generating timely, accurate evidence to deliver on its promise of diminishing the divide between clinical practice and research. There are growing indications, however, that the current health care system and the clinical research that guides medical decisions in the United States falls far short of this vision. The process of generating medical evidence through clinical trials in the United States is expensive and lengthy, includes a number of regulatory hurdles, and is based on a limited infrastructure. The link between clinical research and medical progress is also frequently misunderstood or unsupported by both patients and providers. The focus of clinical research changes as diseases emerge and new treatments create cures for old conditions. As diseases evolve, the ultimate goal remains to speed new and improved medical treatments to patients throughout the world. To keep pace with rapidly changing health care demands, clinical research resources need to be organized and on hand to address the numerous health care questions that continually emerge. Improving the overall capacity of the clinical research enterprise will depend on ensuring that there is an adequate infrastructure in place to support the investigators who conduct research, the patients with real diseases who volunteer to participate in experimental research, and the institutions that organize and carry out the trials. To address these issues and better understand the current state of clinical research in the United States, the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation held a 2-day workshop entitled Transforming Clinical Research in the United States. The workshop, summarized in this volume, laid the foundation for a broader initiative of the Forum addressing different aspects of clinical research. Future Forum plans include further examining regulatory, administrative, and structural barriers to the effective conduct of clinical research; developing a vision for a stable, continuously funded clinical research infrastructure in the United States; and considering strategies and collaborative activities to facilitate more robust public engagement in the clinical research enterprise.

Author : George Starkschall,R. Alfredo C. Siochi
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2013-09-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781439825822

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Informatics in Radiation Oncology by George Starkschall,R. Alfredo C. Siochi Pdf

Reflecting the increased importance of the collaborations between radiation oncology and informatics professionals, Informatics in Radiation Oncology discusses the benefits of applying informatics principles to the processes within radiotherapy. It explores how treatment and imaging information is represented, stored, and retrieved as well as how this information relates to other patient data. The book deepens your knowledge of current and emerging information technology and informatics principles applied to radiation oncology so that all the data gathered—from laboratory results to medical images—can be fully exploited to make treatments more effective and processes more efficient. After introducing the basics of informatics and its connection to radiation oncology, the book examines the process of healthcare delivery in radiation oncology, the challenges of managing images in radiotherapy, and the burgeoning field of radiogenomics. It then presents teaching, clinical trials, and research tools and describes open access clinical imaging archives in radiotherapy, techniques for maximizing information from multimodality imaging, and the roles of images in treatment planning. It also looks at how informatics can improve treatment planning, the safety and efficiency of delivery systems, image-guided patient positioning, and patient assessment. The book concludes with discussions on how outcomes modeling evaluates the effectiveness of treatments, how quality control informatics improves the reliability of processes, and how to perform quality assurance on the informatics tools. With contributions from a host of top international experts in radiation oncology, medical physics, and informatics, this book leads the way in moving the field forward. It encourages you to find new ways of applying informatics to radiation oncology and help your patients in their fight against cancer.