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Author : Lila L. Gatlin
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1972
Category : Information theory in biology
ISBN : 0231036345
The author applies the universal precepts of information theory to the communication system of DNA.
Author : Jesper Hoffmeyer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2008-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402067068
Gregory Bateson’s contribution to 20th century thinking has appealed to scholars from a wide range of fields dealing in one way or another with aspects of communication and epistemology. A number of his insights were taken up and developed further in anthropology, psychology, evolutionary biology and communication theory. But the large, trans-disciplinary synthesis that, in his own mind, was his major contribution to science received little attention from the mainstream scientific communities. This book represents a major attempt to revise this deficiency. Scholars from ecology, biochemistry, evolutionary biology, cognitive science, anthropology and philosophy discuss how Bateson's thinking might lead to a fruitful reframing of central problems in modern science. Most important perhaps, Bateson's bioanthropology is shown to play a key role in developing the set of ideas explored in the new field of biosemiotics. The idea that organismic life is indeed basically semiotic or communicative lies at the heart of the biosemiotic approach to the study of life. The only book of its kind, this volume provides a key resource for the quickly-growing substratum of scholars in the biosciences, philosophy and medicine who are seeking an elegant new approach to exploring highly complex systems.
Author : John Scales Avery
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2021-11-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811250385
This highly interdisciplinary book discusses the phenomenon of life, including its origin and evolution, against the background of thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, and information theory. Among the central themes is the seeming contradiction between the second law of thermodynamics and the high degree of order and complexity produced by living systems. As the author shows, this paradox has its resolution in the information content of the Gibbs free energy that enters the biosphere from outside sources. Another focus of the book is the role of information in human cultural evolution, which is also discussed with the origin of human linguistic abilities. One of the final chapters addresses the merging of information technology and biotechnology into a new discipline — bioinformation technology.This third edition has been updated to reflect the latest scientific and technological advances. Professor Avery makes use of the perspectives of famous scholars such as Professor Noam Chomsky and Nobel Laureates John O'Keefe, May-Britt Moser and Edward Moser to cast light on the evolution of human languages. The mechanism of cell differentiation, and the rapid acceleration of information technology in the 21st century are also discussed.With various research disciplines becoming increasingly interrelated today, Information Theory and Evolution provides nuance to the conversation between bioinformatics, information technology, and pertinent social-political issues. This book is a welcome voice in working on the future challenges that humanity will face as a result of scientific and technological progress.
Author : Fred W. Vondracek,Donald H. Ford,Erik J. Porfeli
Publisher : Springer
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2014-07-03
Category : Education
ISBN : 9789462096622
The Living Systems Theory of Vocational Behavior and Development (LSVD) explains and illustrates the processes by which individuals construct their work experiences, vocational pathways and career patterns through episodes of interaction with affordances they recognize within their contexts, and how counseling can facilitate those processes. The LSVD was created by combining the scientifically based systems theory that explicates the dynamics of all aspects of human functioning and development, called Humans as Self-Constructing Living Systems, with important ideas about vocational behavior and development. The resulting integrative theory represents the individual person as a dynamic, self-directing and self-constructing entity, i.e., a living system. Behavior Episodes (BEs) are the fundamental, person-in-context, dynamic units of analysis that serve as the “building blocks” by which individuals construct and retain their experiences in patterns that can be reactivated to facilitate future BEs. The book describes how individuals’ history of satisfying BEs and their current activities provide the means by which vocational and career counselors can assist them to create satisfying vocational pathways. It also describes for researchers how new, non-linear, person-centered, quantitative and qualitative research methods can be used to analyze BE patterns to advance understanding of person-level processes that play key roles in individuals’ vocational behavior and development. The LSVD was designed to be not just an integrative framework for the field of career development, but also to reconnect the field to related areas such as human resources and industrial-organizational psychology and to the range of human sciences that have already embraced a living systems theoretical model.
Author : Orsucci, Franco
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 355 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2012-09-30
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781466620780
There are new and important advancements in todays complexity theories in ICT and requires an extraordinary perspective on the interaction between living systems and information technologies. With human evolution and its continuous link with the development of new tools and environmental changes, technological advancements are paving the way for new evolutionary steps. Complexity Science, Living Systems, and Reflexing Interfaces: New Models and Perspectives is a collection of research provided by academics and scholars aiming to introduce important advancements in areas such as artificial intelligence, evolutionary computation, neural networks, and much more. This scholarly piece will provide contributions that will define the line of development in complexity science.
Author : James R. Simms
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2005-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780306469664
In 1978, when the book Living Systems was published, it contained the prediction that the sciences that were concerned with the biological and social sciences would, in the future, be stated as rigorously as the “hard sciences” that study such nonliving phenomena as temperature, distance, and the interaction of chemical elements. Principles of Quantitative Living Systems Science, the first of a planned series of three books, begins an attempt to fulfill that prediction. The view that living things are similar to other parts of the physical world, differing only in their complexity, was explicitly stated in the early years of the twentieth century by the biologist Ludwig von Bertalanffy. His ideas could not be published until the end of the war in Europe in the 1940s. Von Bertalanffy was strongly opposed to vitalism, the theory current among biologists at the time that life could only be explained by recourse to a “vital principle” or God. He c- sidered living things to be a part of the natural order, “systems” like atoms and molecules and planetary systems. Systems were described as being made up of a number of interrelated and interdependent parts, but because of the interrelations, the total system became more than the sum of those parts. These ideas led to the development of systems movements, in both Europe and the United States, that included not only biologists but scientists in other fields as well. Systems societies were formed on both continents.
Author : George Terzis,Robert Arp
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 459 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2011-04-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780262295130
The informational nature of biological organization, at levels from the genetic and epigenetic to the cognitive and linguistic. Information shapes biological organization in fundamental ways and at every organizational level. Because organisms use information—including DNA codes, gene expression, and chemical signaling—to construct, maintain, repair, and replicate themselves, it would seem only natural to use information-related ideas in our attempts to understand the general nature of living systems, the causality by which they operate, the difference between living and inanimate matter, and the emergence, in some biological species, of cognition, emotion, and language. And yet philosophers and scientists have been slow to do so. This volume fills that gap. Information and Living Systems offers a collection of original chapters in which scientists and philosophers discuss the informational nature of biological organization at levels ranging from the genetic to the cognitive and linguistic. The chapters examine not only familiar information-related ideas intrinsic to the biological sciences but also broader information-theoretic perspectives used to interpret their significance. The contributors represent a range of disciplines, including anthropology, biology, chemistry, cognitive science, information theory, philosophy, psychology, and systems theory, thus demonstrating the deeply interdisciplinary nature of the volume's bioinformational theme.
Author : J. Rose
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 403 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642931048
This book is a record of the contents of the papers accepted by the Congress Committee for presentation at the Fourth International Congress of Cybernetics and Systems (Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 21-25 August 1978). Two hundred and forty-five papers from authors from thirty-three countries of all the five continents are included. The papers are presented in an abridged form in order to highlight the main themes and produce a book that is both readable and relatively inexpensive. It was felt that after the publication of the weighty and rather costly form of the Proceedings of the Third International Congress of Cybernetics and Systems held in Bucharest, Romania in 1975 (Modern Trends in Cybernetics and Systems, eds. Rose and Bilciu, W. O. G. S. c. and Springer-Verlag, 1977; 3 volumes about 3500 pages; $150), an abridged but comprehen sive version would be more acceptable to readers. It is worth noting that the full names and addresses of authors are given for each paper, and requests to authors for more information and even full-scale papers would produce a positive response. As a matter of interest, each paper carries, in addition, brief summaries. The papers are arranged in each section or symposium in the alphabetical order of authors' names; this is not necessarily the order of presentation at the Congress.
Author : Kenneth D. Bailey
Publisher : SUNY Press
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1994-01-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0791417433
After providing a review of classical theory, this book carefully sketches the chief contributions of living systems theory, social entropy theory, autopoiesis, and other approaches. It shows that these approaches are without flaws of earlier functionalism, yet they retain the breadth and integrative potential needed by mainstream theorists concerned about the threat of hyperspecialization and fragmentation within sociology.
Author : José A. Tenreiro Machado
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-09
Category : Dynamics
ISBN : 9783906980478
Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Entropy
Author : Colleen Croniger
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 426 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2011-09-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789533073637
Obesity and type 2 diabetes are increasing worldwide problems. In this book we reviewed insulin secretion in both healthy individuals and in patients with type 2 diabetes. Because of the risk associated with progression from insulin resistance to diabetes and cardiovascular complications increases along a continuum, we included several chapters on the damage of endothelial cells in type 2 diabetes and genetic influences on endothelial cell dysfunction. Cardiovascular complications occur at a much lower glucose levels, thus a review on the oral glucose tolerance test compared to other methods was included. The medical conditions associated with type 2 diabetes such as pancreatic cancer, sarcopenia and sleep disordered breathing with diabetes were also discussed. The book concludes with several chapters on the treatments for this disease offering us hope in prevention and successful alleviation of the co-morbidities associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Author : James Grier Miller
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1162 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105016936036
Now in paperback, James Grier Miller's groundbreaking Living Systems presents an integrated, multidisciplinary analysis of the nature of all biological and social systems.
Author : John Lardas Modern
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 443 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2021-09-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9780226799629
"The story Modern tells ranges from eighteenth-century brain anatomies to the MRI; from the spread of phrenological cabinets and mental pieties in the nineteenth century to the discovery of the motor cortex and the emergence of the brain wave as a measurable manifestation of cognition; from cybernetic research into neural networks and artificial intelligence to the founding of brain-centric religious organizations such as Scientology; from the deployments of cognitive paradigms in electric shock treatment to the work of Barbara Brown, a neurofeedback pioneer who promoted the practice of controlling one's own brainwaves in the 1970s. What Modern reveals via this grand tour is that our ostensibly secular turn to the brain is bound up at every turn with the 'religion' it discounts, ignores, or actively dismisses. Nowhere are science and religion closer than when they try to exclude each other, at their own peril"--
Author : Leslie Curry
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 461 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2020-07-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780429764455
First published in 1998, this volume, spanning a lifetime's research, is a highly innovative first attempt at a consistent theoretical approach to the elements, structures and dynamics of the geography of agents, settlements and trade. Cause and effect are replaced by chance within constraints. Populations are substituted for unreal representative individuals, variability for uniformity, probabilistic process for unique history. Ignorance is a major factor in interpersonal and inter-areal commercial relations so that the focus is on flows of information and their effects on the efficiency of the economy or, alternatively, on changes in its information content. Recent work on spatial arrangements in many physical and social sciences is incorporated but always interpreted from an overriding geographical viewpoint. Key concepts are locational potential, distance friction, mobility, diffusion, spatial pattern and texture, adaptability, efficiency, spatial interaction and dependence. Analytic methods include autocovariance and transfer functions, areal special densities and entropy. Various forms of self-organization of economic spatial patterns are examined.
Author : Garnett Williams
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 518 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1997-09-09
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781482295412
This text aims to bridge the gap between non-mathematical popular treatments and the distinctly mathematical publications that non- mathematicians find so difficult to penetrate. The author provides understandable derivations or explanations of many key concepts, such as Kolmogrov-Sinai entropy, dimensions, Fourier analysis, and Lyapunov exponents.
