Innervation Of The Gut

Author : Simon Brookes,Marcello Costa
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 560 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2003-08-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1134454821

Get Book

Innervation of the Gastrointestinal Tract by Simon Brookes,Marcello Costa Pdf

The long tube that makes up the gastrointestinal tract is composed of a variety of tissue types and is the largest internal organ of the body. Its main function is to digest food and absorb the released nutrients. Furthermore, it is subdivided into functionally distinct regions that each mediate one of a variety of actions upon the food consumed, including ingestion, propulsion, secretion, digestion, absorption and expulsion. Autonomic neuronal circuitry is intimately involved in controlling many of these multiple functions of the gut, making it an appealing subject for the study of neuroscientists. This book reviews the state of current knowledge on the innervation of the gut by the enteric nervous system, and its interface with the extrinsic innervation, from a number of different perspectives, with the aim of providing a comprehensive and accessible account of the subject.

Author : John Barton Furness,Marcello Costa
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Medical
ISBN : UOM:39015012463215

Get Book

The Enteric Nervous System by John Barton Furness,Marcello Costa Pdf

Author : Mark Lyte,John F. Cryan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2014-07-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781493908974

Get Book

Microbial Endocrinology: The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Health and Disease by Mark Lyte,John F. Cryan Pdf

The field of microbial endocrinology is expressly devoted to understanding the mechanisms by which the microbiota (bacteria within the microbiome) interact with the host (“us”). This interaction is a two-way street and the driving force that governs these interactions are the neuroendocrine products of both the host and the microbiota. Chapters include neuroendocrine hormone-induced changes in gene expression and microbial endocrinology and probiotics. This is the first in a series of books dedicated to understanding how bi-directional communication between host and bacteria represents the cutting edge of translational medical research, and hopefully identifies new ways to understand the mechanisms that determine health and disease.​

Author : Yvette Tache,David L. Wingate,Thomas F. Burks
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1993-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 0849347181

Get Book

Innervation of the Gut by Yvette Tache,David L. Wingate,Thomas F. Burks Pdf

Innervation of the Gut provides a stimulating discussion of gut innervations based on exciting developments generated by advanced neuroanatomical and electrophysiological approaches. All components of the nervous system are covered, including central, spinal, autonomic, and enteric systems. This information is relative to secretory, motor, and immune regulatory functions of the gut, as well as visceral sensation. Brain transmitters involved in mediating stress-induced alterations of gastrointestinal motor function and the central regulation of vagal outflow to the gut are discussed in detail. The book will stimulate basic scientists and gastroenterologists to expand research efforts that may enable them to unravel the mechanisms of brain-gut interactions under physiological and pathological conditions. Students, psychologists, and psychiatrists will find Innervation of the Gut an essential reference for their studies.

Author : Simon Brookes,Marcello Costa
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 560 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2002-06-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0415283779

Get Book

Innervation of the Gastrointestinal Tract by Simon Brookes,Marcello Costa Pdf

The long tube that makes up the gastrointestinal tract is composed of a variety of tissue types and is the largest internal organ of the body. Its main function is to digest food and absorb the released nutrients. Furthermore, it is subdivided into functionally distinct regions that each mediate one of a variety of actions upon the food consumed, including ingestion, propulsion, secretion, digestion, absorption and expulsion. Autonomic neuronal circuitry is intimately involved in controlling many of these multiple functions of the gut, making it an appealing subject for the study of neuroscientists. This book reviews the state of current knowledge on the innervation of the gut by the enteric nervous system, and its interface with the extrinsic innervation, from a number of different perspectives, with the aim of providing a comprehensive and accessible account of the subject.

Author : David Grundy,Simon Brookes
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 137 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2011-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781615043576

Get Book

Neural Control of Gastrointestinal Function by David Grundy,Simon Brookes Pdf

The gastrointestinal tract is a long, muscular tube responsible for the digestion of food, assimilation of nutrients and elimination of waste. This is achieved by secretion of digestive enzymes and absorption from the intestinal lumen, with different regions playing specific roles in the processing of specific nutrients. These regions come into play sequentially as ingested material is moved along the length of the GI tract by contractions of the muscle layers. In some regions like the oesophagus transit it rapid and measured in seconds while in others like the colon transit is measured in hours and even days, commensurate with the relative slow fermentation that takes place in the large bowel. An hierarchy of controls, neural and endocrine, serve to regulate the various cellular targets that exist in the gut wall. These include muscle cells for contraction and epithelial cells for secretion and absorption. However, there are complex interactions between these digestive mechanisms and other mechanisms that regulate blood flow, immune function, endocrine secretion and food intake. These ensure a fine balance between the ostensibly conflicting tasks of digestion and absorption and protection from potentially harmful ingested materials. They match assimilation of nutrients with hunger and satiety and they ensure that regions of the GI tract that are meters apart work together in a coordinated fashion to match these diverse functions to the digestive needs of the individual. This ebook will provide an overview of the neural mechanisms that control gastrointestinal function. Table of Contents: Neural Control of Gastrointestinal Function / Cells and Tissues / Enteric Nervous System / From Gut to CNS: Extrinsic Sensory Innervation / Sympathetic Innervation of the Gut / Parasympathetic Innervation of the Gut / Integration of Function / References

Author : Simon Brookes,Marcello Costa
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 560 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2003-08-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 113445483X

Get Book

Innervation of the Gastrointestinal Tract by Simon Brookes,Marcello Costa Pdf

The long tube that makes up the gastrointestinal tract is composed of a variety of tissue types and is the largest internal organ of the body. Its main function is to digest food and absorb the released nutrients. Furthermore, it is subdivided into functionally distinct regions that each mediate one of a variety of actions upon the food consumed, including ingestion, propulsion, secretion, digestion, absorption and expulsion. Autonomic neuronal circuitry is intimately involved in controlling many of these multiple functions of the gut, making it an appealing subject for the study of neuroscientists. This book reviews the state of current knowledge on the innervation of the gut by the enteric nervous system, and its interface with the extrinsic innervation, from a number of different perspectives, with the aim of providing a comprehensive and accessible account of the subject.

Author : Daniel K. Podolsky,Michael Camilleri,J. Gregory Fitz,Anthony N. Kalloo,Fergus Shanahan,Timothy C. Wang
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 3440 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2015-10-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781118512111

Get Book

Yamada's Textbook of Gastroenterology by Daniel K. Podolsky,Michael Camilleri,J. Gregory Fitz,Anthony N. Kalloo,Fergus Shanahan,Timothy C. Wang Pdf

Yamada’s Textbook of Gastroenterology has for 20 years been the most comprehensive gastroenterology reference book, combining an encyclopaedic basic science approach to GI and liver disease with the latest clinical thinking, especially in diagnostic and therapeutic developments. It is universally respected across the globe. The original outstanding editorial team was led by Tadataka Yamada, MD, one of the world's leading figures in GI research. As in previous editions, the new textbook reflects the collective efforts of the editors and a hugely impressive team of contributors, who are each experts in their specific areas. Now with another world leader in gastroenterology as Editor-in-Chief, Daniel K. Podolsky MD, President and Professor of Internal Medicine at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, together with a stellar group of associate editors, the 6th edition of this iconic textbook has been expanded and enhanced in many ways with new content and technology.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Food Forum
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 134 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2015-02-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309366861

Get Book

Relationships Among the Brain, the Digestive System, and Eating Behavior by Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Food Forum Pdf

On July 9-10, 2014, the Institute of Medicine's Food Forum hosted a public workshop to explore emerging and rapidly developing research on relationships among the brain, the digestive system, and eating behavior. Drawing on expertise from the fields of nutrition and food science, animal and human physiology and behavior, and psychology and psychiatry as well as related fields, the purpose of the workshop was to (1) review current knowledge on the relationship between the brain and eating behavior, explore the interaction between the brain and the digestive system, and consider what is known about the brain's role in eating patterns and consumer choice; (2) evaluate current methods used to determine the impact of food on brain activity and eating behavior; and (3) identify gaps in knowledge and articulate a theoretical framework for future research. Relationships among the Brain, the Digestive System, and Eating Behavior summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop.

Author : Niall Hyland,Catherine Stanton
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 544 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2023-12-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780323983020

Get Book

The Gut-Brain Axis by Niall Hyland,Catherine Stanton Pdf

The Gut-Brain Axis: Dietary, Probiotic, and Prebiotic Interventions on the Microbiota, Second Edition presents the most advances on how the gut microbiome influences central nervous system and brain function introduced in the first edition. The book also describes how environmental influences which affect the microbiota, including, diet, exercise, and early-life, impact on the gut-brain axis. The second edition contains new chapters on metabolomics and the gut-brain-axis; dietary factors in the maintenance of a healthy brain ; the role of gut microbes in neurodegenerative disorders; the link between exercise and the gut-brain-axis; and infant Nutrition, the microbiome and neurodevelopment. In addition, the second edition presents coverage of mechanisms underlying neurological disease; approaches to investigate the role of the microbiome in brain and behavior, and 'next generation' probiotics and prebiotics. The Gut-Brain Axis: Dietary, Probiotic, and Prebiotic Interventions on the Microbiota, Second Edition continues to be the “go-to resource for further exploration of the microbiota. Includes new chapters focused on metabolomics and the gut-brain axis; dietary polyphenols to maintain healthier brain measures and cognitive function; the role of gut microbes in Parkinson’s Disease; the microbiota-gut-brain axis in psychosis; exploration of exercise and the gut-brain axis; and coverage of pediatric nutrition Updated chapters reflect on the most recent advances on the role of the microbiome and gut-brain axis in early-life, aging, cognition, metabolism, neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as on the enteric nervous system Addresses the role of diet and the gut-brain axis across several chapters with unique author insights and perspectives Examines common mechanisms and pathways by which the microbiota may influence brain and behavior Discusses strategies to explore the contribution of the microbiome to the gut-brain axis; methods to enhance therapeutic strategies targeted toward the microbiota; and presents a case study demonstrating a rational screening approach to increase translational success

Author : Sushil K. Sarna
Publisher : Biota Publishing
Page : 159 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2010-11-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781615041510

Get Book

Colonic Motility by Sushil K. Sarna Pdf

Three distinct types of contractions perform colonic motility functions. Rhythmic phasic contractions (RPCs) cause slow net distal propulsion with extensive mixing/turning over. Infrequently occurring giant migrating contractions (GMCs) produce mass movements. Tonic contractions aid RPCs in their motor function. The spatiotemporal patterns of these contractions differ markedly. The amplitude and distance of propagation of a GMC are several-fold larger than those of an RPC. The enteric neurons and smooth muscle cells are the core regulators of all three types of contractions. The regulation of contractions by these mechanisms is modifiable by extrinsic factors: CNS, autonomic neurons, hormones, inflammatory mediators, and stress mediators. Only the GMCs produce descending inhibition, which accommodates the large bolus being propelled without increasing muscle tone. The strong compression of the colon wall generates afferent signals that are below nociceptive threshold in healthy subjects. However, these signals become nociceptive; if the amplitudes of GMCs increase, afferent nerves become hypersensitive, or descending inhibition is impaired. The GMCs also provide the force for rapid propulsion of feces and descending inhibition to relax the internal anal sphincter during defecation. The dysregulation of GMCs is a major factor in colonic motility disorders: irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and diverticular disease (DD). Frequent mass movements by GMCs cause diarrhea in diarrhea predominant IBS, IBD, and DD, while a decrease in the frequency of GMCs causes constipation. The GMCs generate the afferent signals for intermittent short-lived episodes of abdominal cramping in these disorders. Epigenetic dysregulation due to adverse events in early life is one of the major factors in generating the symptoms of IBS in adulthood.

Author : John F. Reinus,Douglas Simon
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2014-05-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780470674840

Get Book

Gastrointestinal Anatomy and Physiology by John F. Reinus,Douglas Simon Pdf

Gastroenterologists require detailed knowledge regarding the anatomy of the GI system in order to understand the disturbances caused by diseases they diagnose and treat. Gastrointestinal Anatomy and Physiology will bring together the world’s leading names to present a comprehensive overview of the anatomical and physiological features of the gastrointestinal tract. Full colour and with excellent anatomical and clinical figures throughout, it will provide succinct, authoritative and didactic anatomic and physiologic information on all the key areas, including GI motility, hepatic structure, GI hormones, gastric secretion and absorption of nutrients. GI trainees will enjoy the self-assessment MCQs, written to the level they will encounter during their Board exams, and the seasoned gastroenterologist will value it as a handy reference book and refresher for re-certification exams

Author : John Barton Furness
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2008-04-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781405173445

Get Book

The Enteric Nervous System by John Barton Furness Pdf

Covers all aspects of the structure, function, neurochemistry,transmitter identification and development of the enteric nervoussystem This book brings together extensive knowledge of the structureand cell physiology of the enteric nervous system and provides anup-to-date synthesis of the roles of the enteric nervous system inthe control of motility, secretion and blood supply in thegastrointestinal tract. It includes sections on the enteric nervous system in disease,genetic abnormalities that affect enteric nervous system function,and targets for therapy in the enteric nervous system. It alsoincludes many newly created explanatory diagrams and illustrationsof the organization of enteric nerve circuits. This new book is ideal for gastroenterologists (includingtrainees/fellows), clinical physiologists and educators. It isinvaluable for the many scientists in academia, research institutesand industry who have been drawn to work on the gastrointestinalinnervation because of its intrinsic interest, its economicimportance and its involvement in unsolved health problems. It alsoprovides a valuable resource for undergraduate and graduateteaching.

Author : Gertrud Elisabeth Holle,Jack D. Wood
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Medical
ISBN : UOM:39015029213512

Get Book

Advances in the Innervation of the Gastrointestinal Tract by Gertrud Elisabeth Holle,Jack D. Wood Pdf

Advances in the Innervation of the Gastrointestinal Tract is a comprehensive treatment of current concepts related to research on the neurobiology of the digestive system. Established knowledge, leading-edge areas of investigation and indications of future directions, are reviewed by prominent authorities in the specialized areas of the field. Areas covered include ontogeny of the enteric nervous system, molecular biology of receptor and neurotransmitter expression, neurophysiology of the enteric nervous system and gastrointestinal centers in the brain stem, as well as normal and pathophysiological aspects of nervous control at the integrated systems level.

Author : Romuald Zabielski,Tomasz Skrzypek
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2021-04-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128189627

Get Book

Atlas of the Pig Gut by Romuald Zabielski,Tomasz Skrzypek Pdf

Atlas of the Pig Gut: Research and Techniques from Birth to Adulthood examines the development of the gastrointestinal tract in swine. It focuses on changes occurring during the developmental phase, with an emphasis on the gut that is reflected in alterations of the intestinal mucosa architecture. Led by leading experts in pig digestion research, the book contains descriptions and microphotographs of the most updated research. The changes occurring in the intestine are presented in a comprehensive order, from small magnifications of tissue structures to high magnifications of fragments of epithelium-building cell structures. Additionally, the book highlights the replacement mechanism of epithelial cells during the development of the small intestinal mucosa. This book is the ideal resource for animal science researchers and practitioners. In addition, swine veterinarians and academics will also find it useful due to its helpful, detailed graphics and organized structure. Discusses microscopic techniques for observing changes in the gastrointestinal mucosa structure and guidelines for avoiding common analysis errors Features original micrographs obtained from light, confocal and scanning electron microscopy Provides carefully-worded directions for learning the basic mammalian anatomy and morphology of the gut