Insect Predator Prey Dynamics

Author : A. F. G. Dixon
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2000-06
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0521622034

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Insect Predator-Prey Dynamics by A. F. G. Dixon Pdf

Much of our understanding about insect predator-prey dynamics has been due to studies on insect parasitoids. But do true predators such as ladybird beetles really operate in a similar way and how does this affect their use in biological control? The extensive literature on ladybirds as biocontrol agents shows that their size and rate of development is very dependent on the nature of their prey. This volume explores basic ladybird biology, their association with their prey and its effect on development rate and body size. Optimal foraging theory, field observations and laboratory experiments are used to illustrate how ladybird larvae maximise their rate of energy intake, and ladybird adults their fitness. The interdependence of these life history parameters is then used to develop a simple predator-prey model which, with an analysis of the literature, highlights the specific attributes of potentially successful biocontrol agents for all those interested in predator-prey dynamics.

Author : Michael Patrick Hassell
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2020-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691209968

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The Dynamics of Arthopod Predator-Prey Systems. (MPB-13), Volume 13 by Michael Patrick Hassell Pdf

In this study of arthropod predador-prey systems Michael Hassell shows how many of the components of predation may be simply modeled in order to reveal their effects on the overall dynamics of the interacting populations. Arthropods, particularly insects, make ideal subjects for such a study because their generation times are characteristically short and many have relatively discrete generations, inviting the use of difference equation models to describe population changes. Using analytical models framed in difference equations, Dr. Hassell is able to show how the detailed biological processes of insect predator-prey (including host-parasitoid) interactions may be understood. Emphasizing the development and subsequent stability analysis of general models, the author considers in detail several crucial components of predator-prey models: the prey's rate of increase as a function of density, non-random search, mutual interference, and the predator's rate of increase as a function of predator survival and fecundity. Drawing on the correspondence between the models and field and laboratory data, Dr. Hassell then discusses the practical implications for biological pest control and suggests how such models may help to formulate a theoretical basis for biological control practices.

Author : David L. Evans,Justin O. Schmidt
Publisher : SUNY Press
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1990-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 0887068960

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Insect Defenses by David L. Evans,Justin O. Schmidt Pdf

This work takes a fresh, modern approach to investigate and explain the predator and prey relationships of insects and spiders, the major terrestrial fauna on earth. Devoted to broad and in-depth analysis of arthropod defenses against predators, the book's approach is both experimentally and theoretically based with major emphasis on evolution, predator strategies and tactics, and prey defensive adaptations and behaviors. The authors explain such topics as cryptic and aposematic coloration, the conflict between sexual and survival needs, web spider prey choice and evolution of prey counter defenses, predator-prey interactions and the origins of intelligence, bird predatory tactics, and caterpillar defense strategies. Also examined is the use of timing for fitness and survival, evolutionary gamesmanship in the predatory bat-moth relationship, colony defense by aper wasps, startle as a defense by moths, aggregation as a defense, chemicals as defenses, plant chemicals as defenses, and venoms as defenses. The authors illustrate each topic with numerous specific well-documented examples presented in a clear, readable style.

Author : Jacques Brodeur,Guy Boivin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2007-06-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402047671

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Trophic and Guild Interactions in Biological Control by Jacques Brodeur,Guy Boivin Pdf

This volume explores modern concepts of trophic and guild interactions among natural enemies in natural and agricultural ecosystems - a field that has become a hot topic in ecology and biological control over the past decade. It is the first book on trophic and guild interactions to make the link to biological control, and is compiled by internationally recognized scientists who have combined their expertise.

Author : Mark Jervis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 755 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2005-05-25
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781402017346

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Insects as Natural Enemies by Mark Jervis Pdf

Over the past three decades there has been a dramatic increase in theoretical and practical studies on insect natural enemies. The appeal of insect predators, and parasitoids in particular, as research animals derives from the relative ease with which many species may be cultured and experimented with in the laboratory, the simple life cycles of most parasitoids, and the increasing demand for biological pest control. There is now a massive literature on insect natural enemies, so there is a great need for a general text that the enquiring student or research worker can use in deciding on approaches and techniques that are appropriate to the study and evaluation of such insects. This book fulfils that demand. A considerably updated and expanded version of a previous best-seller, it is an account of major aspects of the biology of predators and parasitoids, punctuated with information and advice on which experiments or observations to conduct, and how to carry them out. Guidance is provided, where necessary, on the literature that may need to be consulted on particular topics. While researchers can now refer to several books on parasitoids and predators, Insects as Natural Enemies is unique in emphasising practicalities. It is aimed at students and professional working in universities and both government and commercial institutes in the fields of pest management, agriculture, horticulture and forestry.

Author : Pedro Barbosa,Ignacio Castellanos
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2005-08-11
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0195171209

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Ecology of Predator-Prey Interactions by Pedro Barbosa,Ignacio Castellanos Pdf

This book addresses the fundamental issues of predator-prey interactions, with an emphasis on predation among arthropods, which have been better studied, and for which the database is more extensive than for the large and rare vertebrate predators. The book should appeal to ecologists interested in the broad issue of predation effects on communities.

Author : Michael Patrick Hassell
Publisher : Hodder Education
Page : 80 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1976
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015001910499

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The Dynamics of Competition and Predation by Michael Patrick Hassell Pdf

Author : Solomon P. Wasser
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 503 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401148306

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Evolutionary Theory and Processes: Modern Perspectives by Solomon P. Wasser Pdf

This volume consists of papers written by evolutionary, molecular and organismal biologists, geneticists, ecologists, behavioural ecologists, morphologists, mathematicians, theoreticians and experimentalists, in honour of Professor Eviatar (Eibi) Nevo on the occasion of his seventieth birthday. The contributors are only a small subset of Eibi's many friends, collaborators and students (not that one can distinguish these categories among Eibi's colleagues). His widespread influence and activity, both in Israel and more generally, as a leading evolutionary biologist is indicated by his many co-authors on books and papers, and by his many students integrated in teaching and research. This volume presents some of the most recent dramatic results of molecular, genomic, and organismal evolutionary processes. It represents analyses, experiments, observations, reviews, discussions and forecasts of evolutionary theory comprising both novel methods and results, reanalyzed and reviewed data sets based on comparative, experimental, and theoretical studies utilizing model organisms across phylogeny, including bacteria, fungi, plants, animals and humans. It elucidates the revolution in molecular biology that ushered in our understanding of the evolutionary process over time and space. The topics discussed include major problems of evolutionary theory concerning origins, phylogeny, relative importance of evolutionary forces, structure and function, adaptation and speciation in space and time in changing and stressful environments. A major emerging generalization is the nonrandomness of genome structure highlighting the importance of natural selection as a major organizing evolutionary force not only at the phenotypic level, but most importantly at the interlinked genotypic molecular level. The integration between the molecular and organismal levels unifies life which is subjected to the mechanism of natural selection as a major orienting evolutionary force.

Author : Alan A. Berryman
Publisher : Garland Science
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2020-11-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000101850

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Principles of Population Dynamics and Their Application by Alan A. Berryman Pdf

This book provides an introduction to population dynamics, exploring rules that govern change in any dynamic system and applying these general principles to populations of living organisms. Principles of Population Dynamics and their Application is aimed at applied ecologists, resource managers. and pest managers. It is also aimed at undergraduate students taking courses in forestry, fisheries, widlife and pest management.

Author : Bo Ebenman,Lennart Persson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642740015

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Size-Structured Populations by Bo Ebenman,Lennart Persson Pdf

At last both ecology and evolution are covered in this study on the dynamics of size-structured populations. How does natural selection shape growth patterns and life cycles of individuals, and hence the size-structure of populations? This book will stimulate biologists to look into some important and interesting biological problems from a new angle of approach, concerning: - life history evolution, - intraspecific competition and niche theory, - structure and dynamics of ecological communities.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 592 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Arthropod pests
ISBN : MINN:31951D02382708O

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1st International Symposium on Biological Control of Arthropods by Anonim Pdf

Author : R. J. Taylor
Publisher : Springer
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1984-10-04
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : UCSD:31822002095594

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Predation by R. J. Taylor Pdf

When assuming the task of preparing a book such as this, one inevitably wonders why anyone would want to read it. I have always sympathized with Charles Elton's trenchant observation in his 1927 book that 'we have to face the fact that while ecological work is fascinating to do, it is unbearably dull to read about . . . ' And yet several good reasons do exist for producing a small volume on predation. The subject is interesting in its own right; no ecologist can deny that predation is one of the basic processes in the natural world. And the logical roots for much currently published reasoning about predation are remarkably well hidden; if one must do research on the subject, it helps not to be forced to start from first principles. A student facing predator-prey interactions for the first time is confronted with an amazingly diverse and sometimes inaccessible literature, with a ratio of wheat to chaff not exceeding 1: 5. A guide to the perplexed in this field does not exist at present, and I hope the book will serve that function. But apart from these more-or-Iess academic reasons for writing the book, I am forced to it by my conviction that predators are important in the ecological scheme. They playa critical role in the biological control of insects and other pests and are therefore of immediate economic concern.

Author : Ann E. Hajek
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2004-02-12
Category : Gardening
ISBN : 0521653851

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Natural Enemies by Ann E. Hajek Pdf

Publisher Description

Author : Jianxin Zhang
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Growth (Plants)
ISBN : UIUC:30112048285982

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Insect Predation of Seeds and Plant Population Dynamics by Jianxin Zhang Pdf

This review provides a framework for understanding the mechanisms of insect seed predation, the diversity of insects that prey on seeds, and the ecological and evolutionary consequences of insect seed predation. Insect seed predation can play significant roles in reducing plant population growth, modifying intraspecific and interspecific competition, shifting spatial and temporal distribution, affecting species evolution, and plant community structure, both in natural and agricultural ecosystems.

Author : William W. Murdoch,Cheryl J. Briggs,Roger M. Nisbet
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2013-02-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781400847259

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Consumer-Resource Dynamics (MPB-36) by William W. Murdoch,Cheryl J. Briggs,Roger M. Nisbet Pdf

Despite often violent fluctuations in nature, species extinction is rare. California red scale, a potentially devastating pest of citrus, has been suppressed for fifty years in California to extremely low yet stable densities by its controlling parasitoid. Some larch budmoth populations undergo extreme cycles; others never cycle. In Consumer-Resource Dynamics, William Murdoch, Cherie Briggs, and Roger Nisbet use these and numerous other biological examples to lay the groundwork for a unifying theory applicable to predator-prey, parasitoid-host, and other consumer-resource interactions. Throughout, the focus is on how the properties of real organisms affect population dynamics. The core of the book synthesizes and extends the authors' own models involving insect parasitoids and their hosts, and explores in depth how consumer species compete for a dynamic resource. The emerging general consumer-resource theory accounts for how consumers respond to differences among individuals in the resource population. From here the authors move to other models of consumer-resource dynamics and population dynamics in general. Consideration of empirical examples, key concepts, and a necessary review of simple models is followed by examination of spatial processes affecting dynamics, and of implications for biological control of pest organisms. The book establishes the coherence and broad applicability of consumer-resource theory and connects it to single-species dynamics. It closes by stressing the theory's value as a hierarchy of models that allows both generality and testability in the field.