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Author : Martyn Tranter
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Climatic changes
ISBN : 1901502902
Author : Pavla Dagsson-Waldhauserova,Outi Meinander
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2020-02-11
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889635047
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,America's Climate Choices: Panel on Advancing the Science of Climate Change
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 526 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2011-01-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309145886
Climate change is occurring, is caused largely by human activities, and poses significant risks for-and in many cases is already affecting-a broad range of human and natural systems. The compelling case for these conclusions is provided in Advancing the Science of Climate Change, part of a congressionally requested suite of studies known as America's Climate Choices. While noting that there is always more to learn and that the scientific process is never closed, the book shows that hypotheses about climate change are supported by multiple lines of evidence and have stood firm in the face of serious debate and careful evaluation of alternative explanations. As decision makers respond to these risks, the nation's scientific enterprise can contribute through research that improves understanding of the causes and consequences of climate change and also is useful to decision makers at the local, regional, national, and international levels. The book identifies decisions being made in 12 sectors, ranging from agriculture to transportation, to identify decisions being made in response to climate change. Advancing the Science of Climate Change calls for a single federal entity or program to coordinate a national, multidisciplinary research effort aimed at improving both understanding and responses to climate change. Seven cross-cutting research themes are identified to support this scientific enterprise. In addition, leaders of federal climate research should redouble efforts to deploy a comprehensive climate observing system, improve climate models and other analytical tools, invest in human capital, and improve linkages between research and decisions by forming partnerships with action-oriented programs.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Climatic changes
ISBN : UCSD:31822003872256
Author : Ming-ko Woo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 514 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2007-12-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540751366
This book presents decade-long advances in atmospheric research in the Mackenzie River Basin in northern Canada, which encompasses environments representative of most cold areas on Earth. Collaborative efforts have yielded knowledge entirely transferable to other high latitude regions in America, Europe and Asia. This book complements the first volume coming from the GEWEX project, dealing with the region's atmospheric dynamics.
Author : Manfred Owe
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 632 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Hydrology
ISBN : 1901502465
Author : Lars Ackermann
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1428520166
The Alfred Wegener Institute Earth System Model (AWI-ESM) is applied to study the role of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) in different future warming scenarios. The model includes an interactive Ice Sheet Model (ISM) to capture ice sheet dynamics and enhance the representation of spatial freshwater discharge. The ISM leads to a strong decadal variability to the freshwater release, resulting in intervals in which it reduces the surface runoff by high accumulation rates. This compensating effect is missing in climate models without dynamic ice sheets. To investigate processes involved in the buildup phase of ice sheets, transient simulations of the Last Glacial Inception (LGI) are performed. These cooling climate simulations complement the future warming scenarios. The model is run asynchronously from 125 ka to 110 ka with prescribed orbital and greenhouse gas forcing. Large-scale glaciation occurs in a simulation with implemented anomaly coupling. This anomaly coupling is applied to compensate for model biases in high-latitude near-surface air temperature. Large areas of Quebec and Baffin Island glaciate, mainly driven by the thickening of snowfields. In order to assess the effects of heat and freshwater fluxes by iceberg melting on deep-ocean characteristics, multi-centennial simulations under fixed pre-industrial forcing are run with a fully coupled ESM including interactive icebergs. Compared to simulations without interactive icebergs, the results show a cooling of deep ocean water masses and enhanced deep water formation in the continental shelf area of the Ross Sea, a process commonly underestimated by current climate models. The results emphasize the importance of realistically representing both heat and freshwater fluxes in the high southern latitudes.
Author : Nick Hanley,Anthony D Owen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2004-05-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134445721
This impressive new collection couldn't come at a better time. With global warming now becoming physically noticeable and the Kyoto treaty stalling in its efforts to get the developed world on board, a look at the economic factors of global warming is very much welcome. With contributions from distinguished authors and covering everything you need
Author : Ellsworth Frank LeDrew,University of Waterloo. Department of Geography
Publisher : Department of Geography, University of Waterloo
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105112833434
Author : G. Thomas Farmer,John Cook
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 567 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2013-01-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400757578
An introduction to the principles of climate change science with an emphasis on the empirical evidence for climate change and a warming world. Additional readings are given at the end of each chapter. A list of "Things to Know" opens each chapter. Chapters are arranged so that the student is first introduced to the scientific method(s), examples of the use of the scientific method from other sciences drawn from the history of science with an emphasis on climate science. Climate science is treated in each chapter based on the premise of global warming. Chapter treatments on the atmosphere. biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and anthroposphere and their inter-relationships are given.
Author : Jasper Knight,Stephan Harrison
Publisher : Geological Society of London
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Nature
ISBN : 1862392811
Periglacial and paraglacial environments, located outside ice sheet margins but responding to similar climate forcings, are key to identifying climate change effects upon the Earth system. These environments are relicts of cold Earth processes and so are most sensitive to global warming. Changes in the distribution and thickness of permafrost in continental interiors have implications for ecosystem and landscape stability. Periglacial Alpine environments are experiencing increased rockfall and mass movement, leading to rock glacier instability and sediment release to downstream rivers. In turn, these landscape effects impact on natural hazards and human activities in these sensitive and geologically transient environments.
Author : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 1807 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2022-05-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781009178464
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Author : Arthur P Cracknell,Costas A Varotsos
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 632 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2021-07-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780429515330
Climate change, a familiar term today, is far more than just global warming due to atmospheric greenhouse gases including CO2. In order to understand the nature of climate change, it is necessary to consider the whole climatic system, its complexity, and the ways in which natural and anthropogenic activities act and influence that system and the environment. Over the past 20 years since the first edition of Understanding Global Climate Change was published, not only has the availability of climate-related data and computer modelling changed, but our perceptions of it and its impact have changed as well. Using a combination of ground data, satellite data, and human impacts, this second edition discusses the state of climate research today, on a global scale, and establishes a background for future discussions on climate change. This book is an essential reference text, relevant to any and all who study climate and climate change. Features Provides a thought-provoking and original approach to the science of climate. Emphasises that there are many factors contributing to the causation of climate change. Clarifies that while anthropogenic generation of carbon dioxide is important, it is only one of several human activities contributing to climate change. Considers climate change responses needed to be undertaken by politicians and society at national and global levels. Totally revised and updated with state-of-the-art satellite data and climate models currently in operation around the globe.
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Climate Research Committee,Committee on Radiative Forcing Effects on Climate
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2005-03-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309133500
Changes in climate are driven by natural and human-induced perturbations of the Earth's energy balance. These climate drivers or "forcings" include variations in greenhouse gases, aerosols, land use, and the amount of energy Earth receives from the Sun. Although climate throughout Earth's history has varied from "snowball" conditions with global ice cover to "hothouse" conditions when glaciers all but disappeared, the climate over the past 10,000 years has been remarkably stable and favorable to human civilization. Increasing evidence points to a large human impact on global climate over the past century. The report reviews current knowledge of climate forcings and recommends critical research needed to improve understanding. Whereas emphasis to date has been on how these climate forcings affect global mean temperature, the report finds that regional variation and climate impacts other than temperature deserve increased attention.
Author : Florentin Krause,Wilfrid Bach,Jon Koomey
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134050987
The globe is warming and while no one knows what will happen as a result, it is clear that slowing the process is a necessary goal. Other studies have considered 'warming fates', this one brings sophisticated computer modeling to bear on ways of minimizing the risks. Fossil carbon emissions, other trace gases and releases from other sources are all taken into account, and the authors demonstrate the global need to produce a budget for cumulative releases between now and the year 2100. They also demonstrate the need to return to a rate of forest carbon storage equal to that of the mid-1980s. These budgets look at issues of international equity and the ways of moving to a binding agreement. The price of failure to control GHG emissions may be uncertain, but it will be more than anyone can afford. Political will lies at the root of successful climate stabilization and major capital and technology transfers to Third World countries will be needed if there is to be any chance of success. This book provides an agenda for advance.A book [which] throws into stark relief the mountain still to be climbed before the world community can agree on a credible programme to tackle global warming. David Thomas, Financial Times Originally published in 1991