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Author : Daniel Erny,Takahiro Masuda
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2022-04-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889749553
Author : Michael H. Kogut,Glenn Zhang
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2022-01-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030903039
This work sheds new light on the interplay between the gut, gut microbiota, and host physiological processes in production animals. The gut microbiome shapes health and susceptibility to disease and has become a leading area of research in the animal sciences. Gut health encompasses a number of physiological and functional features. Nutrient digestion and absorption, host metabolism and energy generation, a stable microbiome, mucus layer development, barrier function, and mucosal immune responses; all of which are required to interact to make an animal perform physiologically and according to its greatest genetic potential. This carefully presented book broadens our vision, approach and results on gut health and the ability to regulate animal production. Understanding the chemistry of microbiomes has broad implications, including providing functional annotations for the microbial genomes, insights into the chemical languages that link microbes to each other and to their host, and translational implications for precision veterinary medicine, environmental health, and sustainable animal agriculture and welfare. Experts working in microbiome research, host immunity, and animal production, veterinarians and researchers in livestock science will understand the great importance of this volume.
Author : Gary B. Huffnagle,Mairi Noverr
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2008-08-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0387799893
This book covers current trends in the investigation of GI microbiota. It examines the relationship between the microbiota and the immune system from a variety of angles.
Author : Gwendolyn Barcel´o-Coblijn,Amedeo Amedei
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2019-11-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783039216468
[Increasing evidence suggests that microbiota and especially the gut microbiota (the microbes inhabiting the gut including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi) plays a key role in human physiology and pathology. Recent findings indicate how dysbiosis—an imbalance in the composition and organization of microbial populations—could severely impact the development of different medical conditions (from metabolic to mood disorders), providing new insights into the comprehension of diverse diseases, such as IBD, obesity, asthma, autism, stroke, diabetes, and cancer. Given that microbial cells in the gut outnumber host cells, microbiota influences human physiology both functionally and structurally. Microbial metabolites bridge various—even distant—areas of the organism by way of the immune and hormone system. For instance, it is now clear that the mutual interaction between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain (gut–brain axis), often involves gut microbiota, indicating that the crosstalk between the organism and its microbial residents represents a fundamental aspect of both the establishment and maintenance of healthy conditions. Moreover, it is crucial to recognize that beyond the intestinal tract, microbiota populates other host organs and tissues (e.g., skin and oral mucosa). We have edited this eBook with the aim of publishing manuscripts focusing on the impact of microbiota in the development of different diseases and their associated treatments.]
Author : Eduardo J. Schiffrin,Philippe Marteau,Dominique Brassart
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2014-02-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781482226768
Now considered an organ with defensive and metabolic capabilities, the intestinal microbiota plays a major role in the local host immune system development and education. It contributes to the generation of a homeostatic balance characterized by the capacity to react against pathogens while remaining hyperresponsive/tolerant against commensals. This homeostatic response depends on bacteria and bacterial product sensing by innate immune cells and their molecular asset at the intestinal mucosa. This book captures the enormous progress that has been accomplished in this field in recent years.
Author : Sudhanshu Shekhar,Fernanda Cristina Petersen,Xi Yang
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2020-01-14
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889633364
Trillions of commensal microbes reside on and inside the human body, including the intestinal and respiratory tracts, which encompass various microbial taxa, such as bacteria, fungi, archea and viruses. The close proximity of microbes with the host provides an opportunity to continually interact with each other. Advances in research approaches, including high-throughput sequencing, have allowed us to study host and commensal microbes at the genetic and functional levels. Recent studies suggest that commensal microbes play a crucial role in the development of the host’s immune system and induce innate and adaptive immune responses against pathogens. It is also becoming apparent that the gut commensals are endowed with a capacity to alter immune responses in organs beyond the intestine, such as the lungs, highlighting the significance of the gut commensals in controlling systemic immunity. On the other hand, the host’s immune system possesses the ability to shape the repertoire of commensal microbes and contribute to the establishment of beneficial relationships with them. A better understanding of host-commensal interactions will be important for designing effective vaccines and therapeutics against pathogens. This Research Topic sheds light on our current understanding of the interplay between the host’s immune system and commensal microbes and how this interplay can be exploited for prophylactic and/or therapeutic strategies against pathogens.
Author : Amit Kumar Tripathi,Malini Kotak
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2022-08-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811945304
This book provides an overview of bidirectional communication between gut-microbiome-brain, pathways, nutrients, and metabolites that are involved in microbiota gut-brain axis (MGBA) interactions. Further it reviews the relevance of this axis in the neurological disorders and potential therapeutic interventions, involving gut microbiome or probiotics and prebiotics which can ameliorate the neurological disorders. The book examines the role of gut microbiota in the establishment and hemostasis of innate immune response and explores the possibility of development of microbiome-targeted therapeutic interventions. Notably, the book discusses the role of the gut microbiota and immune system on the maintenance of brain functions and the development of neurological disorders. It also highlights the recent advances in improving neurological diseases by phytochemicals, prebiotics and probiotics. This book is useful for researchers working in neuropharmacology, Clinical Research, toxicology, neurodegeneration, and stroke biology.
Author : Julio Villena,Haruki Kitazawa
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2018-01-26
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889453825
The term “immunobiotics” has been proposed to define microbial strains able to beneficially regulate the mucosal immune system. Research in immunobiotics has significantly evolved as researchers employed cutting-edge technologies to investigate the complex interactions of these beneficial microorganisms with the immune system. During the last decade, our understanding of immunobiotics-host interaction was profoundly transformed by the discovery of microbial molecules and host receptors involved in the modulation of gut associated immune system, as well as the systemic and distant mucosal immune systems. In recent years, there has been a substantial increase in the number of reports describing the beneficial effects of immunobiotics in diseases such as intestinal and respiratory infections, allergy, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, immunosuppression, and several other immune-mediated conditions. Evidence is also emerging of immunobiotics related molecules with immunomodulatory functions leading to the production of pharmabiotics, which may positively influence human or animal health. Therefore, research in immunobiotics continue to contribute not only to food but also medical and pharmaceutical fields. The compilation of research articles included in this ebook should help reader to have an overview of the recent advances in immunobiotics.
Author : Amélia Sarmento,Fernando Magro,Nair Campos
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2017-08-11
Category : Electronic book
ISBN : 9782889452149
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory bowel disease resulting in considerable morbidity and reduced quality of life. Although still under intense debate, CD seems to result from an enhanced and uncontrolled immune response to the gut microbiota. CD is thought to be multifactorial depending on genetic and environmental determinants. In recent years, nearly 100 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were associated with increased risk of developing CD (some of the SNPs also associated with susceptibility to ulcerative colitis, another type of IBD). These SNPs are mostly located in genes involved in innate and adaptive immunity mechanisms, such as autophagy, expression of pattern-recognition receptors and citokine signaling. Epigenetics is also probably playing a role in CD susceptibility, as it is sensitive to environmental conditions and may mediate gene-environment interactions. Environmental factors possibly involved in CD development include diet, gut microbiota composition and infection with specific pathogens, of which the most consistently associated to CD are Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and adherent-invasive Escherichia coli. This Topic aimed at bringing together contributions covering different genetic, epigenetic, immunological and microbial processes involved in the development of CD, helping to drive forward the understanding of CD immunopahtology.
Author : Joshua Joseph Malago
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : MEDICAL
ISBN : 163463716X
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 1997-02-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080585390
This book comprehensively reviews the immunology of fish--their health, interactions between them and their pathogens, and the impact of both endogenous and environmental changes on these interactions. Leading authorities provide an essential foundation for the understanding of fish immunology and fish health. As fish are increasingly used as model systems for vertebrate immune systems, The Fish Immune System will be a crucial reference. The only comprehensive, single-volume reference on the fish immune system Contributions from an international team of experts Useful to researchers interested in fish health as well as professionals managing fish hatcheries, aquariums, and other facilities that must maintain healthy fish
Author : Chihiro Sasakawa
Publisher : Springer
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2009-10-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3642018483
Our gut is colonized by numerous bacteria throughout our life, and the gut epithelium is constantly exposed to foreign microbes and dietary antigens. Thus, the gut epithelium acts as a barrier against microbial invaders and is equipped with various innate defense systems. Resident commensal and foreign invading bacteria interact intimately with the gut epithelium and can impact host cellular and innate immune responses. From the perspective of many pathogenic bacteria, the gut epithelium serves as an infectious foothold and port of entry for disseminate into deeper tissues. In some instances when the intestinal defense activity and host immune system become compromised, even commensal and opportunistic pathogenic bacteria can cross the barrier and initiate local and systematic infectious diseases. Conversely, some highly pathogenic bacteria, such as those highlighted in this book, are able to colonize or invade the intestinal epithelium despite the gut barrier function is intact. Therefore, the relationship between the defensive activity of the intestinal epithelium against microbes and the pathogenesis of infective microbes becomes the basis for maintaining a healthy life. The authors offer an overview of the current topics related to major gastric and enteric pathogens, while highlighting their highly evolved host (human)-adapted infectious processes. Clearly, an in-depth study of bacterial infectious strategies, as well as the host cellular and immune responses, presented in each chapter of this book will provide further insight into the critical roles of the host innate and adaptive immune systems and their importance in determining the severity or completely preventing infectious diseases. Furthermore, under the continuous threat of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, the topic of gut-bacteria molecular interactions will provide various clues and ideas for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
Author : Kenneth Murphy,Paul Travers,Mark Walport,Peter Walter
Publisher : Garland Science
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2010-06-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0815344570
The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.
Author : John H. Cummings,John L. Rombeau,Takashi Sakata
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 602 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2004-12-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0521616131
This is the first comprehensive volume to look at the importance of short-chain fatty acids in digestion, the function of the large intestine and their role in human health. Short-chain fatty acids are the major product of bacterial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates in the human and animal large intestine. They represent the major end products of digestive processes occurring in the caecum and large intestine. As such, they form an important dietary component and it is increasingly recognised that they may have a significant role in protecting against large bowel cancer and in metabolism. Prepared by an international team of contributors who are at the forefront of this area of research, this volume will be an essential source of reference for gastroenterologists, nutritionists and others active in this area.
Author : John D. Lambris,George Hajishengallis
Publisher : Springer
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2013-10-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1461429528
Mounting evidence in the past decade indicates that innate immunity mediates functions above and beyond first-line defense against infection. It is now appreciated that innate immune mechanisms are critically involved in the development of adaptive immunity and, moreover, the regulation of diverse physiological and homeostatic processes. The latter explains why deregulation of innate immunity may lead to pathological disorders that are not necessarily or directly related to host defense. This Volume compiles the latest advances in this rapidly evolving field as presented by eminent scientists at the 7th International Aegean Conference on Innate Immunity in Rhodes, Greece. It includes topics related to the biology and function of Toll-like and other pattern-recognition receptors, complement and its crosstalk with other physiological systems, inflammatory mechanisms and diseases, natural killer cells, and the cooperative interplay between innate and adaptive immune cells. This book is an excellent source of information for researchers and clinicians with interests in immunology, host-microbe interactions, and infectious and inflammatory diseases.
