International Terrorism And Transnational Crime

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International Terrorism and Transnational Crime: Security Threats, U.S. Policy, and Considerations for Congress

Anonim
International Terrorism and Transnational Crime Security Threats U S Policy and Considerations for Congress Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:505472301

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International Terrorism and Transnational Crime: Security Threats, U.S. Policy, and Considerations for Congress by Anonim Pdf

The involvement of insurgent and extremist groups in criminal activity is an issue that has been a concern of U.S. administrations for decades. In recent years, some observers have claimed that interactions between international terrorists and criminals are increasing. If true, expanded links between criminal and terrorist networks could increase U.S. vulnerability to attack by terrorist groups with enhanced criminal capabilities and financial resources. An expanded range of combined criminal and terrorist activity could also affect the global economy and U.S. foreign policy goals, undermining licit international commerce and the promotion of good governance and rule of law. Threats posed by a crime-terrorism nexus may be particularly challenging, as the scale and nature of their cooperation are believed to vary widely and limited anecdotal evidence largely serves as the basis for current understanding of the problem. U.S. efforts to combat the relationship between crime and terrorism are a subset of broader policy responses to transnational crime and international terrorism individually. While numerous U.S. strategies and programs are designed to combat international terrorism and transnational crime separately, fewer efforts focus specifically on addressing the confluence of the two. Those efforts that do exist focus mainly on (1) human smuggling and clandestine terrorist travel, (2) money laundering and terrorist financing, and (3) narcoterrorism links between drug traffickers and terrorists. Many of these efforts, including the creation of the Human Smuggling and Trafficking Center, the reorganization of the Treasury Departments Office of Terrorism and Financial Intelligence, and the expanded extraterritorial jurisdiction authority to investigate and prosecute international narcoterrorism cases, occurred in response to the attacks of September 11, 2001. Congress played a large role in such efforts, holding at least eight hearings specifically on some aspect of c.

International Terrorism and Transnational Crime

John Rollins
International Terrorism and Transnational Crime Book PDF

Author : John Rollins
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2010-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781437927566

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International Terrorism and Transnational Crime by John Rollins Pdf

Contents: (1) Intro.; (2) Crime-Terrorism Partnerships and Transformations; (3) The Crime-Terrorism Toolbox; (4) Interaction of Terrorism and Crime: Dawood Ibrahim¿s D-Co.; Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia; 2004 Madrid Bombers; The Taliban; Abu Ghadiyah, Monzer Al Kassar and Viktor Bout; Hezbollah; Al Qaeda; 2005 London Bombings; Al-Shabaab; Mexico¿s La Familia, Colombia¿s Medellin, Italy¿s Mafia, and Brazil¿s Prison Gangs; (5) Selected U.S. Gov¿t. Actions Addressing the Confluence of International Terrorism and Transnat. Organized Crime; State Dept.; Treasury Dept.; Fin¿l. Crimes Enforce. Network; DoD; DoJ: IOC-2; DEA; FBI; DHS; Intell. Comm¿y.; (6) Counterterrorism: What Role for Anti-Crime?

Transnational Terrorism, Organized Crime and Peace-Building

W. Benedek,C. Daase,V. Dimitrijevic,P. van Duyne,Vojin Dimitrijevi?,Petrus van Duyne
Transnational Terrorism Organized Crime and Peace Building Book PDF

Author : W. Benedek,C. Daase,V. Dimitrijevic,P. van Duyne,Vojin Dimitrijevi?,Petrus van Duyne
Publisher : Springer
Page : 366 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2010-05-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780230281479

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Transnational Terrorism, Organized Crime and Peace-Building by W. Benedek,C. Daase,V. Dimitrijevic,P. van Duyne,Vojin Dimitrijevi?,Petrus van Duyne Pdf

This volume investigates the role of the transnational terrorist and criminal organizations in the peace-building processes, with a particular focus on the Western Balkan region. Conducted within the framework of human security analysis, the research focuses on the security of the human being.

The Terrorist-Criminal Nexus

Jennifer L. Hesterman
The Terrorist Criminal Nexus Book PDF

Author : Jennifer L. Hesterman
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 355 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781040083901

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The Terrorist-Criminal Nexus by Jennifer L. Hesterman Pdf

Postmodern global terrorist groups engage sovereign nations asymmetrically with prolonged, sustained campaigns driven by ideology. Increasingly, transnational criminal organizations operate with sophistication previously only found in multinational corporations. Unfortunately, both of these entities can now effectively hide and morph, keeping law e

Defining International Terrorism

Stella Margariti
Defining International Terrorism Book PDF

Author : Stella Margariti
Publisher : Springer
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2017-08-01
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789462652040

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Defining International Terrorism by Stella Margariti Pdf

This book is an attempt to approach the issue of defining international terrorism, proposing that the most workable way to do so is to achieve due balance between the two principal driving forces of international law developments: State sovereignty interests and cosmopolitan ideals. All those who aspire to the promotion of international criminal justice and the fight against impunity agree that the formulation of a universal definition of international terrorism will further enhance the fight against terrorism and offer a universally acceptable legal framework within which this fight can be conducted. Discussed in an in-depth manner are, for instance, the UN Charter Provisions, the Rome Statute and the principle of complementarity, the Kampala amendments on the crime of aggression, the paradigms of aggression and terrorism, and prominent anti-terrorist Security Council Resolutions such as Resolution 1368 and Resolution 1373. The volume broadens the reader’s understanding on how State sovereignty interests and priorities as well as ideals of cosmopolitanism have influenced the development of international law in general and international criminal law in particular. Furthermore, it simplifies the complicated picture of defining international crimes by explaining how the ‘State sovereignty’ and ‘Cosmopolitanism’ dynamics have also been of relevance throughout the drafting process of the definition of the crime of aggression for the purposes of the Rome Statute for the International Criminal Court. In addition, it equips the reader with an understanding of the reasons behind the lack of an international definition for terrorism and suggests an appropriate context within which such a definition can take shape. It intends to appeal to academics and students with an interest in international criminal law and the international criminal justice system, international law and security, but also to anyone with an interest in transnational crime and counter-terrorism. Stella Margariti has recently graduated from the University of Dundee where she attained the title of Doctor from the School of Law.

Transnational Organized Crime, Terrorism, and Criminalized States in Latin America

Douglas Farah
Transnational Organized Crime Terrorism and Criminalized States in Latin America Book PDF

Author : Douglas Farah
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : National security
ISBN : IND:30000145975151

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Transnational Organized Crime, Terrorism, and Criminalized States in Latin America by Douglas Farah Pdf

The emergence of new hybrid (state and nonstate) transnational criminal/terrorist franchises in Latin America operating under broad state protection now pose a tier-one security threat for the United States. Similar hybrid franchise models are developing in other parts of the world, making understanding the new dynamics an important factor in a broader national security context. This threat goes well beyond the traditional nonstate theory of constraints activity such as drug trafficking, money laundering, and human trafficking into the potential for trafficking related to weapons of mass destruction by designated terrorist organizations and their sponsors. These activities are carried out with the support of regional and extra regional states actors whose leadership is deeply enmeshed in criminal activity, which yields billions of dollars in illicit revenues every year. These same leaders have a publicly articulated, common doctrine of asymmetrical warfare against the United States and its allies that explicitly endorses as legitimate the use of weapons of mass destruction. The central binding element in this alliance is a hatred for the West, particularly the United States, and deep anti-Semitism, based on a shared view that the 1979 Iranian Revolution was a transformative historical event. For Islamists, it is evidence of divine favor; and for Bolivarians, a model of a successful asymmetrical strategy to defeat the "Empire." The primary architect of this theology/ideology that merges radical Islam and radical, anti-Western populism and revolutionary zeal is the convicted terrorist Ilich Sánchez Ramirez, better known as "Carlos the Jackal," whom Chávez has called a true visionary.

Terrorism and Transnational Organized Crime

Claudia Müller
Terrorism and Transnational Organized Crime Book PDF

Author : Claudia Müller
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 18 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783656419976

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Terrorism and Transnational Organized Crime by Claudia Müller Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2012 in the subject Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict, Security, grade: 1,0, Humboldt-University of Berlin, language: English, abstract: “We will direct every resource at our command to win the war against terrorists, every means of diplomacy, every tool of intelligence, every instrument of law enforcement, every financial influence. We will starve the terrorists of funding, turn them against each other, rout them out of their safe hiding places, and bring them to justice” (Cited in Biersteker and Eckert 2008: 1). President George W. Bush, September 24, 2001 In the immediate aftermath of the attacks in the United States on 11 September 2001 President W. Bush declared America’s “War on Terrorism” in which he assured to defeat terrorist movements and their methods of funding that could be used to support the acts of global terrorist (Biersteker and Eckert 2008; 1). The examination of broader terrorism studies literature shows “financial and material resources are correctly perceived as the lifeblood of terrorist operations, and governments have determined that fighting the financial infrastructure of terrorist organizations is the key to their defeat” (Grialdo and Trinkunas 2007; 1). Since the attacks of 9/11 the US has designed a strong strategy to fight terrorist groups and their financing. International and national measures have been carried out such as the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism, the enforcement of international sanctions, and the expansion of law enforcement to target terrorism financing and disrupt terrorist operation (Sheppard 2002). However, the spectrum of terrorist funding is broad. In particular, the increasing reliance on criminal activities by terrorist since the end of the Cold War and the subsequent decline of state sponsorship, such as the rising pressure of law enforcement, network structures became an essential source to safeguard the existence of many terrorist and criminal groups. The development of the so- called “crime- terror” nexus, in which two traditionally autonomous groups started to expose various operational and structural parallels, implicated a key income source for terrorists and has brought sheer difficulty to develop successful strategies to freeze the terrorist monetary trail. In the following, this essay examines the involvement of terrorist groups in criminal activities as a source of funding and whether or not it is a sustainable and profitable source for terrorist funding. Moreover, we try to evaluate to what extent the so- called “terror-crime nexus” poses a threat to global security.

Transnational Terrorism

Steven M. Chermak
Transnational Terrorism Book PDF

Author : Steven M. Chermak
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2019-11-11
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781351877817

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Transnational Terrorism by Steven M. Chermak Pdf

The dramatic terrorist attacks of 9/11 highlighted significant gaps in research on the topic as governments, community groups, social service agencies and law enforcement agencies were forced to respond without any evidence-based guidance on best practices for tactics, strategies, and policy development. The essays selected for this volume demonstrate that transnational terrorism is now a thriving area of study and display the breadth and depth of scholarship that has recently been published. The research draws attention to global patterns of transnational terrorism; highlights various structural and cultural explanations; provides an overview of some of the ways that terrorism impacts society; and discusses strategies used to effectively respond to transnational terrorism. This volume, which is of interest to academics, policymakers and practitioners, provides a repository of some of the best contemporary research in this field.

Transnational Organized Crime

Frank G. Madsen
Transnational Organized Crime Book PDF

Author : Frank G. Madsen
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Criminal justice, Administration of
ISBN : 9780415464987

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Transnational Organized Crime by Frank G. Madsen Pdf

This book explains the history and development of organized crime and clearly demonstrates the economics and practices of crime in the era of globalization.

Global Terrorism

Ramesh Chandra
Global Terrorism Book PDF

Author : Ramesh Chandra
Publisher : Gyan Publishing House
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2003-08
Category : International relations
ISBN : 8178352400

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Global Terrorism by Ramesh Chandra Pdf

The main theme in Global Terrorism covering volumes 4 to 6 has deep bearing on the world in transition, terrorism in Europe and European strategies and Terrorism in India. They have been weaved into several phases like nature of terrorism, social customs, fanaticism, transnational terrorism, funding and modes of communication, security and civil reights, Government response; phases of terrorism in Europe, North Africa, Middle East region, the United States, North America and Latin America. The sixth chapter deals with various phases of Terrorism in India which has been covered into eleven chapters, viz, Terrorism in Punjab, India under threat and role of the youth including women, strategy and option, need for a Combined Defence Organisation, the role of media, unwarranted excesses, power rivalry in India sub-continent, ugly faces of terrorism, role of army in North-East and the Jihadi terror in Kashmir. These volumes will be useful for teachers, statesmen, parliamentarians and students in India and abroad.

Terrorism and Violence in Southeast Asia

Paul J. Smith
Terrorism and Violence in Southeast Asia Book PDF

Author : Paul J. Smith
Publisher : M.E. Sharpe
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2004-09-21
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0765636263

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Terrorism and Violence in Southeast Asia by Paul J. Smith Pdf

This timely work examines the scale and root causes of terrorism across Southeast Asia, including the role of al-Qaeda's ascendancy in the region. It begins with an overview of the analytical and theoretical framework for discussing the subject. Individual chapters then examine terrorist activities from both functional and country-specific perspectives. The book traces fundamental linkages between terrorism and security issues, such as illegal immigration, narcotics trafficking, and other criminal activity. In addition, it considers the issue of convergence -- the growing connection between criminal groups and terrorism, and how this may facilitate future violence. Written by a range of experts in the field, the individual chapters reflect a variety of perspectives. The contributions fall into two broad categories -- chapters that directly address terrorism (the groups, their ideologies, their modus operandi, their origins, and state responses to them); and chapters that address the enabling environment that exists in Southeast Asia (the role of transnational crime, porous borders, convergence between terrorism and crime).

Transnational Terrorist Groups and International Criminal Law

Anna Marie Brennan
Transnational Terrorist Groups and International Criminal Law Book PDF

Author : Anna Marie Brennan
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2018-07-27
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781351965682

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Transnational Terrorist Groups and International Criminal Law by Anna Marie Brennan Pdf

Attacks by network-based transnational terrorist groups cause on average 25,000 deaths every year worldwide, with the law enforcement agencies of some states facing many challenges in bringing those responsible to justice. Despite various attempts to codify the law on transnational terrorism since the 1930s, a crime of transnational terrorism under international law remains contested, reflecting concerns regarding the relative importance of prosecuting members of transnational terrorist groups before the International Criminal Court. This book critically examines the limits of international criminal law in bringing members of transnational terrorist groups to justice in the context of changing methods of warfare, drawing from human rights, sociology, and best practices in international criminal justice. Drawing on organisational network theory, Anna Marie Brennan explores the nature of international crimes and assesses the potential for the International Criminal Court to prosecute and investigate alleged crimes perpetrated by members of transnational terrorist groups, paying particular attention to their modus operandi and organisational structure. This book argues that because of the network-based organisational structure of some transnational terrorist groups, achieving justice for victims will prove challenging, in the context of the relationship between the commanders and the subordinate members of the group requiring a re-evaluation of accountability mechanisms at the international level. In advancing an innovative perspective on the accountability of members of transnational terrorist groups, and in offering solutions to current challenges, the book will be of great interest and use to academic, practitioners, and students engaged in the study of terrorism, the ICC, or international humanitarian law.

The New International Terrorism and Political Violence Guide

Stephen R. Barnhart
The New International Terrorism and Political Violence Guide Book PDF

Author : Stephen R. Barnhart
Publisher : Trafford Publishing
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : History
ISBN : 9781553692430

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The New International Terrorism and Political Violence Guide by Stephen R. Barnhart Pdf

Your source to "CLASSIFIED INFORMATION" on Terrorism & Politically Motivated Aggression, as well as the "Ways & Means" to "Neutralize and Control" these modern day THREATS!!!!! This NEW research is based mainly on classified information, which the main author through his long-term stationing in the Balkans until late 2000, covering a position of major relevance in the Security Arena, has managed to experience firsthand. The included update is quite current, February 2002, and includes additional information regarding Russia, Biological Warfare & Chemical Weapons. A great percentage of this research is regarded as CLASSIFIED & RESTRICTED information by official sources such as SFOR, KFOR, NATO, as well as American & European Intelligence Communities. We have included classified information released by Ex-Government Officials, whose names, for obvious reasons, cannot be identified. The Criminal Organizations and especially the TERRORIST THREAT is a hidden threat, and to assess the nature and seriousness of such a threat is quite difficult with, and especially without access to CLASSIFEID INTELLIGENCE. An informative study of politically motivated aggression and the ways that certain golbal groups manage to operate on financial and organisational levels, put together with information from classified intelligence sources from over 10 agencies. The most up-to-date information regarding terrorism in the Balkans and the Middle East. Incorporating the author's firsthand experience, the book explores the connections that organised crime and terrorism may have with the drug trade, religious extremism, and political motivation, as well as the role that resources and location may have in the mobilisation of aggressive sentiment. Ideas are presented on ways that criminal activity may be countered on a world-wide basis, including the formation of global organisations specifically designed to weed out drug traffickers, Mafia connections, and communities that may harbour the development of terrorist forces.

The Terrorist-Criminal Nexus

Jennifer L. Hesterman
The Terrorist Criminal Nexus Book PDF

Author : Jennifer L. Hesterman
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 355 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781466557611

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The Terrorist-Criminal Nexus by Jennifer L. Hesterman Pdf

Postmodern global terrorist groups engage sovereign nations asymmetrically with prolonged, sustained campaigns driven by ideology. Increasingly, transnational criminal organizations operate with sophistication previously only found in multinational corporations. Unfortunately, both of these entities can now effectively hide and morph, keeping law enforcement and intelligence agencies in the dark and on the run. Perhaps more disturbing is the fact that al Qaeda, Hezbollah, FARC, drug cartels, and increasingly violent gangs—as well as domestic groups such as the Sovereign Citizens—are now joining forces. Despite differing ideologies, they are threatening us in new and provocative ways. The Terrorist-Criminal Nexus: An Alliance of International Drug Cartels, Organized Crime, and Terror Groups frames this complex issue using current research and real-world examples of how these entities are sharing knowledge, training, tactics, and—in increasing frequency—joining forces. Providing policy makers, security strategists, law enforcement and intelligence agents, and students with new evidence of this growing threat, this volume: Examines current and future threats from international and domestic criminal and terror groups Identifies specific instances in which these groups are working together or in parallel to achieve their goals Discusses the "lifeblood" of modern organizations—the money trail Describes how nefarious groups leverage both traditional funding methods and e-commerce to raise, store, move, and launder money Explores the social networking phenomenon and reveals how it is the perfect clandestine platform for spying, communicating, recruiting, and spreading propaganda Investigates emergent tactics such as the use of human shields, and the targeting of first responders, schools, hospitals, and churches This text reveals the often disregarded, misunderstood, or downplayed nexus threat to the United States. Proving definitively that such liaisons exist despite differing ideologies, the book provides a thought-provoking new look at the complexity and phenomena of the terrorist-criminal nexus. This book was excerpted in the February/March 2013 issue of The Counter Terrorist.

Global Organized Crime and International Security

Emilio C. Viano
Global Organized Crime and International Security Book PDF

Author : Emilio C. Viano
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2018-12-21
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429843983

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Global Organized Crime and International Security by Emilio C. Viano Pdf

Published in 1999, this book focuses on organized crime as a worldwide phenomenon that has taken great advantage of enabling technology in banking, communications and transportation to build what is probably the first true 'virtual' corporation in the world. It looks at organized crime as a threat to national and international security ironically stemming, in part, from the collapse of the Soviet empire that provided an already thriving, ruthless and well-organized system of graft, corruption and crime with a new lease of life and also unleashed it on to the world scene. Organized crime is also seen as a system of transnational alliances with the potential to destabilize democratic values and institutions; distort regional, if not worldwide, economies; and subvert the international order by allying itself with terrorist organizations, rogue states and developing countries in search of rapid industrialization and market dominance.