Ion Selective Microelectrodes

Author : Daniel Ammann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642525070

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Ion-Selective Microelectrodes by Daniel Ammann Pdf

The microelectrode technique is today the most widely used method in electrophy siology. Microelectrodes offer a unique approach to measurements of electrical pa rameters and ion activities of single cells. Several important breakthroughs in trans port physiology have arisen from microelectrode studies. Undoubtedly, there is a progressively wide-spread use of conventional and ion-selective microelectrodes. Due to their particular dimension and properties micro electrodes are exclusive ly applied to measurements on living matter. This must have many consequences to my thoughts on experiments with microelectrodes. In this book, my concern is fo cussing on the description of an intracellular method that should lead to reliable in formation on cellular parameters. The methodical basis for any meaningful applica tion is treated extensively. However, technical perfection and accurate results are not the only concern when working on animals and human beings. Rather, my thoughts are governed by the intellectual and moral mastery of the experimental ap proach on living subjects. A measurement with microelectrodes usually necessitates the sacrifice of an ani mal. This is an immense fact, and means that the knowledge gained by the experi ment must justify the death of a living subject.

Author : Herbert Berman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 197 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461590231

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Ion-Selective Microelectrodes by Herbert Berman Pdf

PH and ion-selective microelectrodes are rapidly finding an increasing number of applications in the study and control of living (and nonliving) systems. They are unique in their capacity to measure chemical species without altering natural or controlled environmental conditions. Furthermore, these potentiometric tools measure the activity of the chemical species in contrast to conventional ones that measure total concentration. The "Workshop on IonueSelective Microelectrodes" is designed to provide an insight into the principles, theory, fabrication, techniques, present limitations, goals, and applications of some of these tools. The importance and types of microelectrodes and guidelines for their application in biological systems are discussed by Berman. Their present limitations are reviewed by Durst. He warns that their use in analyzing living matter should be approached with caution because of the ill-defined nature of biologic systems. Techniques are presented next for the fabrication of pH (Hebert), antimony (Green and Giebisch, and Malnic et al.), oxygen (Whalen), then single-barrelled (Wright, Walker and Ladle, Morris and rnjevic) and double barrelled (Zeuthen et al., and Khuri) potassium and chloride liquid ion-exchanger microelectrodes. Difficulties with and fabrication of reference and glucose electrodes are covered, respectively, by Durst and Wright, and Bessman and Schultz. Applications of pH and ion-selective microelectrodes are described in microanalysis (Wright), measurement of intracellular ion activity and calculation of equilibrium potentials (Brown and Kunze), and then studies of the kidney (Wright, Malnic et al., and Khuri), brain (Zeuthen et al., Morris and Krnjevic), frog heart (Walker and Ladle), and human skeletal muscle (Filler and Das). In addition, actual and potential clinical applications, respectively, of pH (Filler and Das) and glucose (Bessman and Schultz) electrodes are reviewed.

Author : Eva Sykova
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 349 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461592242

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Ion-Selective Microelectrodes and Their Use in Excitable Tissues by Eva Sykova Pdf

The Symposium on "Ion Selective Microelectrodes and Their Use in Excitable Tissues" was held in Prague from July 8-11, 1980. It was organized by the Institute of Physiology of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences as a satellite symposium of the XXVIII Interna tional Congress of Physiological Sciences in Budapest. Sixty parti cipants met for three days in the historical setting of the Strahov Monastery. The informal and relaxed atmosphere of the scientific sessions, together with the social programme made the meeting a success and helped to cement old friendships and to form new ones. The organizers were happy to welcome as participants representatives from most of the laboratories working with ion-selective microelectrodes (ISMs) in the world. Neurophysiological research with liquid ion-exchanger ISMs in the Prague laboratory was started as early as 1971 due to the fact that one of us (P. H. ) had the opportunity of learning the technique directly from Dr. J. L. Walker in Salt Lake City. It was thanks to his patience and, later, his courtesy in providing us with the liquid ion-exchanger for potassium and silicone that we were able to get a start in what turned out to be, in a year or so, very strong international competition. This volume contains the papers presented at the Symposium. It is divided according to the actual sessions with names of the chair men, who helped the organizers to make the Symposium a real success.

Author : Eva Sykova
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1981-09-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1461592259

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Ion-Selective Microelectrodes and Their Use in Excitable Tissues by Eva Sykova Pdf

Author : Thomas Zeuthen
Publisher : Elsevier-North-Holland Biomedical Press
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015010192717

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The Application of Ion-selective Microelectrodes by Thomas Zeuthen Pdf

Author : J. D. R. Thomas
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483190914

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Ion-Selective Electrode Reviews by J. D. R. Thomas Pdf

Ion-Selective Electrode Reviews, Volume 6 covers new fields of application for coated-wire ion-selective electrodes (ISEs). The book discusses the practical suggestions for testing automatic equipment based on ISE; the amperometric and potentiometric determinations with immobilized enzymes and microorganisms; and the drug-type substances analysis with membrane electrodes. The text also describes coated-wire ISEs and the in vivo application of ion-sensitive field effect transistors, including a summary of laboratory research and probable future clinical detectors.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1974*
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1414923900

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Ion-selective Microelectrodes by Anonim Pdf

Author : Nick B. Standen,Peter T. A. Gray,Michael J. Whitaker
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Cell membranes
ISBN : UCAL:B4344425

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Microelectrode Techniques by Nick B. Standen,Peter T. A. Gray,Michael J. Whitaker Pdf

Author : Richard A. Durst
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 486 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Electrochemistry
ISBN : UIUC:30112005994931

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Ion-selective Electrodes by Richard A. Durst Pdf

The book contains a review of ion-selective electrodes, emphasizing the non-glass types, and provides a thorough and critical evaluation of the subject. It consists of eleven invited review papers and selected sidcussions from the Symposium on Ion-Selective Electrodes held at National Bureau of Standards on January 30-31, 1969. The publication provides a comprehensive survey of the field and should prove very valuable in advancing the state of the art. The chapters include discussions on the theory, characteristics, and methodology of all types of ion-selective electrodes; their use in thermodynamic, kinetic, and complex-ion studies; standards; pure and applied research in various biomedical areas of interest; industrial analysis and control systems; and applications to diverse analytical problems. Both the present status and future potential of these sensors are discussed in a wide range of scientific disciplines, from the physical sciences to biomedicine. Extensive bibliographies provide an excellent survey of the literature for anyone using or anticipating the use of these electrodes. (Author).

Author : Konstantin N. Mikhelson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642368868

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Ion-Selective Electrodes by Konstantin N. Mikhelson Pdf

Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) have a wide range of applications in clinical, environmental, food and pharmaceutical analysis as well as further uses in chemistry and life sciences. Based on his profound experience as a researcher in ISEs and a course instructor, the author summarizes current knowledge for advanced teaching and training purposes with a particular focus on ionophore-based ISEs. Coverage includes the basics of measuring with ISEs, essential membrane potential theory and a comprehensive overview of the various classes of ion-selective electrodes. The principles of constructing ISEs are outlined, and the transfer of methods into routine analysis is considered. Advanced students, researchers, and practitioners will benefit from this expedient introduction.

Author : Alexander G. Volkov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 513 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2007-04-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540378433

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Plant Electrophysiology by Alexander G. Volkov Pdf

This book compiles new findings in plant electrophysiology from the work of internationally renowned experts in the fields of electrophysiology, bio-electrochemistry, biophysics, signal transduction, phloem transport, tropisms, ion channels, plant electrochemistry, and membrane transport. Opening with a historical introduction, the book reviews methods in plant electrophysiology, introducing such topics as measuring membrane potentials and ion fluxes, path-clamp technique, and electrochemical sensors. The coverage includes experimental results and their theoretical interpretation.

Author : Alun Evans
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015018161334

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Potentiometry and Ion Selective Electrodes by Alun Evans Pdf

For many chemists, potentiometry is the first analytical procedure that they encounter, during the use of an electrode to measure pH. The advances in the field of ion selective electrodes now make it a valuable technique in the modern analytical laboratory.

Author : Henry Freiser
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781468437768

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Ion-Selective Electrodes in Analytical Chemistry by Henry Freiser Pdf

We continue in this second volume the plan evident in the first; i.e., of presenting a number of well-rounded up-to-date reviews of important developments in the exciting field of ion-selective electrodes in analytical chemistry. In this volume, in addition to the exciting applications of ISE'S to biochemistry systems represented by the description of enzyme electrodes, there is featured the most recent development in ISE'S, namely, the joining of the electrochemical and solid state expertise, resulting in CHEMFETS. The scholarly survey of the current status of ISE'S will undoubtedly be welcomed by all workers in the field. Tucson, Arizona Henry Freiser vii Contents Chapter 1 Potentiometric Enzyme Methods Robert K. Kobos 1. Introduction . . . . . . 1 2. Soluble Enzyme Systems . . . 5 2.1. Substrate Determinations 5 2.2. Enzyme Determinations . 13 2.3. Inhibitor Determinations. 18 3. Immobilized Enzyme Systems . 19 3.1. Methods of Immobilization. 19 3.2. Characteristics of Immobilized Enzymes 23 3.3. Analytical Applications with Ion-Selective Electrodes 23 4. Enzyme Electrodes 31 4.1. Urea Electrodes 35 4.2. Amygdalin Electrodes 39 4.3. Glucose Electrodes . 40 4.4. Penicillin Electrodes 40 4.5. Amino Acid Electrodes 41 4.6. Nucleotide Electrodes 46 4.7. Uric Acid Electrode 47 4.8. Creatinine Electrode 48 48 4.9. Acetylcholine Electrodes. 4.10. D-Gluconate Electrode 49 4.11. Lactate Electrode 49 4.12. Inhibitor Determination 50 4.13. Substrate Electrodes 50 4.14. Current Trends . . . .

Author : Joseph Wang
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2004-03-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780471460794

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Analytical Electrochemistry by Joseph Wang Pdf

The critically acclaimed guide to the principles, techniques, and instruments of electroanalytical chemistry-now expanded and revised Joseph Wang, internationally renowned authority on electroanalytical techniques, thoroughly revises his acclaimed book to reflect the rapid growth the field has experienced in recent years. He substantially expands the theoretical discussion while providing comprehensive coverage of the latest advances through late 1999, introducing such exciting new topics as self-assembled monolayers, DNA biosensors, lab-on-a-chip, detection for capillary electrophoresis, single molecule detection, and sol-gel surface modification. Along with numerous references from the current literature and new worked-out examples, Analytical Electrochemistry, Second Edition offers clear, reader-friendly explanations of the fundamental principles of electrochemical processes as well as important insight into the potential of electroanalysis for problem solving in a wide range of fields, from clinical diagnostics to environmental science. Key topics include: The basics of electrode reactions and the structure of the interfacial region Tools for elucidating electrode reactions and high-resolution surface characterization An overview of finite-current controlled potential techniques Electrochemical instrumentation and electrode materials Principles of potentiometric measurements and ion-selective electrodes Chemical sensors, including biosensors, gas sensors, solid-state devices, and sensor arrays

Author : D.W. Lübbers,H. Acker,R.P. Buck,G. Eisenman,M. Kessler,W. Simon
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642679247

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Progress in Enzyme and Ion-Selective Electrodes by D.W. Lübbers,H. Acker,R.P. Buck,G. Eisenman,M. Kessler,W. Simon Pdf

Proceedings of the Meeting on Theory and Application of Ion Selective Electrodes in Physiology and Medicine, held at Dortmund on July 28-30, 1980