Ion Selective Microelectrodes And Their Use In Excitable Tissues

Author : Eva Sykova
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 349 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461592242

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Ion-Selective Microelectrodes and Their Use in Excitable Tissues by Eva Sykova Pdf

The Symposium on "Ion Selective Microelectrodes and Their Use in Excitable Tissues" was held in Prague from July 8-11, 1980. It was organized by the Institute of Physiology of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences as a satellite symposium of the XXVIII Interna tional Congress of Physiological Sciences in Budapest. Sixty parti cipants met for three days in the historical setting of the Strahov Monastery. The informal and relaxed atmosphere of the scientific sessions, together with the social programme made the meeting a success and helped to cement old friendships and to form new ones. The organizers were happy to welcome as participants representatives from most of the laboratories working with ion-selective microelectrodes (ISMs) in the world. Neurophysiological research with liquid ion-exchanger ISMs in the Prague laboratory was started as early as 1971 due to the fact that one of us (P. H. ) had the opportunity of learning the technique directly from Dr. J. L. Walker in Salt Lake City. It was thanks to his patience and, later, his courtesy in providing us with the liquid ion-exchanger for potassium and silicone that we were able to get a start in what turned out to be, in a year or so, very strong international competition. This volume contains the papers presented at the Symposium. It is divided according to the actual sessions with names of the chair men, who helped the organizers to make the Symposium a real success.

Author : Eva Sykova
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1981-09-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1461592259

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Ion-Selective Microelectrodes and Their Use in Excitable Tissues by Eva Sykova Pdf

Author : Manfred Kessler,R.P. Buck,G. Eisenmann,J. Hill,Jens Höper,R.N. Khuri,D.W. Lübbers,C. Nicholson,W. Simon,T. Treasure,T. Zeuthen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642705182

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Ion Measurements in Physiology and Medicine by Manfred Kessler,R.P. Buck,G. Eisenmann,J. Hill,Jens Höper,R.N. Khuri,D.W. Lübbers,C. Nicholson,W. Simon,T. Treasure,T. Zeuthen Pdf

Author : Daniel Ammann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642525070

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Ion-Selective Microelectrodes by Daniel Ammann Pdf

The microelectrode technique is today the most widely used method in electrophy siology. Microelectrodes offer a unique approach to measurements of electrical pa rameters and ion activities of single cells. Several important breakthroughs in trans port physiology have arisen from microelectrode studies. Undoubtedly, there is a progressively wide-spread use of conventional and ion-selective microelectrodes. Due to their particular dimension and properties micro electrodes are exclusive ly applied to measurements on living matter. This must have many consequences to my thoughts on experiments with microelectrodes. In this book, my concern is fo cussing on the description of an intracellular method that should lead to reliable in formation on cellular parameters. The methodical basis for any meaningful applica tion is treated extensively. However, technical perfection and accurate results are not the only concern when working on animals and human beings. Rather, my thoughts are governed by the intellectual and moral mastery of the experimental ap proach on living subjects. A measurement with microelectrodes usually necessitates the sacrifice of an ani mal. This is an immense fact, and means that the knowledge gained by the experi ment must justify the death of a living subject.

Author : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1174 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Medicine
ISBN : UOM:39015007732475

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Current Catalog by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) Pdf

First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.

Author : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1184 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Medicine
ISBN : MINN:31951M01375431M

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National Library of Medicine Current Catalog by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) Pdf

Author : J. D. R. Thomas
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483190754

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Ion-Selective Electrode Reviews by J. D. R. Thomas Pdf

Ion-Selective Electrode Reviews, Volume 5 is a collection of articles that covers ion-speciation. The book aims to present the advancements of the range and capabilities of selective ion-sensors. The topics covered in the selection are neutral carrier based ion-selective electrodes; reference electrodes and liquid junction effects in ion-selective electrode potentiometry; ion transfer across water/organic phase boundaries and analytical; and carbon substrate ion-selective electrodes. The text will be of great use to chemists and chemical engineers.

Author : F.J. Alvarez-Leefmans,John M. Russell
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781475796858

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Chloride Channels and Carriers in Nerve, Muscle, and Glial Cells by F.J. Alvarez-Leefmans,John M. Russell Pdf

This is a book about how Cl- crosses the cell membranes of nerve, muscle, and glial cells. Not so very many years ago, a pamphlet rather than book might have resulted from such an endeavor! One might ask why Cl-, the most abundant biological anion, attracted so little attention from investigators. The main reason was that the prevailing paradigm for cellular ion homeostasis in the 1950s and 1960s assigned Cl- a ther modynamically passive and unspecialized role. This view was particularly prominent among muscle and neuroscience investigators. In searching for reasons for such a negative (no pun intended) viewpoint, it seems to us that it stemmed from two key experimental observations. First, work on frog skeletal muscle showed that Cl- was passively distributed between the cytoplasm and the extracellular fluid. Second, work on Cl- transport in red blood cells confirmed that the Cl- transmembrane distribution was thermodynamically passive and, in addition, showed that Cl- crossed the mem brane extremely rapidly. This latter finding [for a long time interpreted as being the result of a high passive chloride electrical permeability(? CI)] made it quite likely that Cl- would remain at thermodynamic equilibrium. These two observations were gener alized and virtually all cells were thought to have a very high P Cl and a ther modynamically passive Cl- transmembrane distribution. These concepts can still be found in some physiology and neuroscience textbooks.

Author : Raymond Dingledine
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781468445831

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Brain Slices by Raymond Dingledine Pdf

In little less than a decade brain slices have gained prominence among neurobiologists as appropriate tools to study cellular electrophysiolog ical aspects of mammalian brain function. The purpose of this volume is to present in some detail several inquiries in the brain sciences that have benefited greatly by the use of brain slices. The book is directed primarily toward advanced students and researchers wishing to evaluate the impact these in vitro preparations of the mammalian brain are having on neurobiology. The term brain slice has come to refer to thin (100-700 j. Lm) sections of a brain region prepared from adult mammals and maintained for many hours in vitro, for either electrophysiological or biochemical stud ies. In addition to good accessibility, slices feature relatively intact syn aptic connections that allow a variety of experiments not feasible with standard in vivo or tissue culture preparations. Certain electrophysiol ogical studies once practical only with invertebrate models are becoming routine with mammalian brain slices. The ability to perform both bio chemical and electro physiological experiments on the same piece of CNS tissue provides additional bright prospects for future research. Although most of the electrophysiological studies have dealt with hippocampal slices, it should be evident from this book that slice methodology is not limited to the hippocampus. The Appendix, "Brain Slice Methods," is a multiauthored treatment of the technical aspects of brain slice work, collected into one document.

Author : J. Salánki
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483189949

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Physiology of Non-Excitable Cells by J. Salánki Pdf

Advances in Physiological Sciences, Volume 3: Physiology of Non-Excitable Cells is a collection of papers presented at the 28th International Congress of Physiology, held in Budapest on July 13-19, 1980. This book is organized into five parts encompassing 36 chapters that cover the various physiological aspects of non-excitable cells and neuronal membranes. The first two parts describe cellular models of iso-osmotic and epithelial transport. The third part highlights the relationship between cell transport and cellular metabolism. This part also deals with the genetic and hormonal control of cellular transport, as well as the lipoprotein synthesis and secretion by hepatocyte. The fourth part explores cell-to-cell communication through junctional membrane channels and calmodulin. The fifth part examines the temporal structure of biological systems in the sub-second time domains. This book will be of value to physiologists, cell biologists, researchers, and biology students.

Author : A. J. Trewavas
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 435 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2013-11-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461321774

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Molecular and Cellular Aspects of Calcium in Plant Development by A. J. Trewavas Pdf

This volume summarises the lecture and poster sessions of a NATO advanced workshop held in Edinburgh, July 15th-19th, 1985. The workshop was held to bring together plant scientists of many different disciplines but who share a common interest in the regulatory role of calcium in plant development. Although this volume covers the formal proceedings, an equal length of time was devoted to discussion both in large and small groups. A little of the flavour of the directions and character of the discussions will be found in the final article by David Clarkson which was written to cover this other wise uncovered area of the workshop. The volume reflects much of the current excitement in the field of plant calcium research. Many of the participants are pioneers in their res pective areas and the extent to which the last five years has seen a drama tic unfolding, a complete inversion of the role of calcium from simple macro nutrient to major metabolic and developmental controller is recounted here. The material is new and much of it unpublished. In plant physiology, the eighties may yet be designated the decade of calcium.

Author : Eva Sykova
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 177 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642769375

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Ionic and Volume Changes in the Microenvironment of Nerve and Receptor Cells by Eva Sykova Pdf

Stability of the internal environment in which neuronal elements are situated is unquestionably an important prerequisite for the effective transmission of information in the nervous system. During the past decade our knowledge on the microenvironment of nerve cells has expanded. The conception that the microenvironment of neurones comprises a fluid with a relatively simple and stable composition is no longer accepted; the microenvironment is now envisaged as a dynamic structure whose composition, shape, and volume changes, thereby significantly influencing neuronal function and the trans mission of information in the nervous system. The modern conception of the neuronal microenvironment is based on the results of research over the last 20 years. The extracellular space (ECS) is comprehended not only as a relatively stable microenvironment containing neurones and glial cells (Bernard 1878), but also as a channel for communica tion between them. The close proximity of the neuronal elements in the CNS and the narrowness of the intercellular spaces provides a basis not only for interaction between the elements themselves, but also between the elements and their microenvironment. Substances which can cross the cell membranes can easily find their way through the microenvironment to adjacent cellular elements. In this way the microenvironment can assure non-synaptic com munication between the relevant neurones. Signalization can be coded by modulation of the chemical composition of the ECS in the vicinity of the cell membrane and does not require classic connection by axones, dendrites, and synapses.

Author : Helmut Acker
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642834448

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Oxygen Sensing in Tissues by Helmut Acker Pdf

This book covers a wide biological range of problems regarding oxygen sensing in tissues. Oxygen sensing is defined as a process in which 02 reacts with different cellular components to avoid hypoxic cell damages. Oxygen sensing contributes to auxiliary mechanisms which help bacteria, invertebrates, vertebrates, and mammalians to survive and withstand hypoxic sensations. For the first time, experts from different disciplines have cooperated in examining various biological systems exhibiting this phenomenon.

Author : Cheryl J. Aine,Yoshio Okada,Gerhard Stroink,Stephen J. Swithenby,Charles C. Wood
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1218 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461212607

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Biomag 96 by Cheryl J. Aine,Yoshio Okada,Gerhard Stroink,Stephen J. Swithenby,Charles C. Wood Pdf

A modified Linear Estimation Approach was performed to reconstruct current sources within the heart. Based on MRI data sets the Boundary Element Method was used to create tailored multicompartment models of the human thorax which were used to solve the forward problem of magnetocardiography. The ability of the proposed method was demonstrated for the localization of a single current dipole as an example of a focal source. By means of introducing small shiftings to all reconstruction dipoles during linear estimation solution as well as performing a successive focussing strategy ignoring places without significant electrical activity the method could easily be extended to the reconstruction of real 3D sources. Based on a special minimum-norm solution the source volume can be estimated applying a finite element approximation using cube elements. The size of an extended current source can be estimated by superimposing the reconstructed dipoles to an equivalent dipole and comparing the corresponding volume with the sphere which would be related to the equivalent dipole. The deviation of these volumes can be taken as a criterion for non-dipolarity of sources.

Author : D. W. Lubbers
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 893 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781468411881

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Oxygen Transport to Tissue-V by D. W. Lubbers Pdf

On the understanding that few people ever read the preface to any book and also on the understanding that even those few people who do read the preface realize that virtually nothing of any substance is ever said, I shall write at such length as will be proportional to my expected readership. The meetings of the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue provide a forum for discussion amongst scientists who, although being from very diverse and specialized backgrounds, have tissue oxygenation as a unifying theme of interest. The wide variety of research material presented in this volume and the multiplicity of the experimental techniques described, should serve as an adequate gauge to the range of expertise and knowledge of the society's members. Such diversity should also stress the importance of the need for multidisciplinary approaches to complex biological problems. In attempting a fundamental characterization of a biological process such as tissue oxygenation, the application of very many separate research skills are necessary, such as mathematics, engi neering, biophysics, biochemistry, physiology, histology and clini cal medicine. The success of the ISOTT has - and we hope - will con tinue to be causing a combination of individuals to direct their specialized knowledge to the many facets of a single proces- tissue oxygenation.