Is American Science In Decline

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Is American Science in Decline?

Yu Xie,Alexandra A Killewald

Author : Yu Xie,Alexandra A Killewald
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2012-06-11
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780674065048

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Is American Science in Decline? by Yu Xie,Alexandra A Killewald Pdf

Alarmists argue that the United States urgently needs more and better trained scientists to compete with the rest of the world. Their critics counter that, far from facing a shortage, we are producing a glut of young scientists with poor employment prospects. Both camps have issued reports in recent years that predict the looming decline of American science. Drawing on their extensive analysis of national datasets, Yu Xie and Alexandra Killewald have welcome news to share: American science is in good health. Is American Science in Decline? does reveal areas of concern, namely scientists' low earnings, the increasing competition they face from Asia, and the declining number of doctorates who secure academic positions. But the authors argue that the values inherent in American culture make the country highly conducive to science for the foreseeable future. They do not see globalization as a threat but rather a potential benefit, since it promotes efficiency in science through knowledge-sharing. In an age when other countries are catching up, American science will inevitably become less dominant, even though it is not in decline relative to its own past. As technology continues to change the American economy, better-educated workers with a range of skills will be in demand. So as a matter of policy, the authors urge that science education not be detached from general education.

Science-Mart

Philip Mirowski

Author : Philip Mirowski
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 463 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2011-04-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780674061132

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Science-Mart by Philip Mirowski Pdf

This trenchant study analyzes the rise and decline in the quality and format of science in America since World War II. Science-Mart attributes this decline to a powerful neoliberal ideology in the 1980s which saw the fruits of scientific investigation as commodities that could be monetized, rather than as a public good.

The Myth of America's Decline: Politics, Economics, and a Half Century of False Prophecies

Josef Joffe

Author : Josef Joffe
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780871404497

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The Myth of America's Decline: Politics, Economics, and a Half Century of False Prophecies by Josef Joffe Pdf

"While it may be catnip for the media to play up America as a has-been, Josef Joffe, a ... German commentator and Stanford University academic, [proposes] that Declinism is not a cold-eyed diagnosis but a device in the style of the ancient prophets ... Gloom is a prophecy that must be believed so that it will turn out wrong. Joffe [posits that] 'economic miracles' that propelled the rising tide of challengers flounder against their own limits. Hardly confined to Europe alone, Declinism has also been an especially nifty career builder for American politicians, among them Kennedy, Nixon, and Reagan, who all rode into the White House by hawking 'the end is near'"--Dust jacket flap.

The Decline and Fall of the American Republic

Bruce Ackerman

Author : Bruce Ackerman
Publisher : Harvard + ORM
Page : 183 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2011-02-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780674261365

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The Decline and Fall of the American Republic by Bruce Ackerman Pdf

“Audacious . . . offers a fierce critique of democracy’s most dangerous adversary: the abuse of democratic power by democratically elected chief executives.” (Benjamin R. Barber, New York Times bestselling author of Jihad vs. McWorld ) Bruce Ackerman shows how the institutional dynamics of the last half-century have transformed the American presidency into a potential platform for political extremism and lawlessness. Watergate, Iran-Contra, and the War on Terror are only symptoms of deeper pathologies. Ackerman points to a series of developments that have previously been treated independently of one another?from the rise of presidential primaries, to the role of pollsters and media gurus, to the centralization of power in White House czars, to the politicization of the military, to the manipulation of constitutional doctrine to justify presidential power-grabs. He shows how these different transformations can interact to generate profound constitutional crises in the twenty-first century?and then proposes a series of reforms that will minimize, if not eliminate, the risks going forward. “The questions [Ackerman] raises regarding the threat of the American Executive to the republic are daunting. This fascinating book does an admirable job of laying them out.” —The Rumpus “Ackerman worries that the office of the presidency will continue to grow in political influence in the coming years, opening possibilities for abuse of power if not outright despotism.” —Boston Globe “A serious attention-getter.” —Joyce Appleby, author of The Relentless Revolution “Those who care about the future of our nation should pay careful heed to Ackerman’s warning, as well as to his prescriptions for avoiding a constitutional disaster.” —Geoffrey R. Stone, author of Perilous Times

The Rise and Decline of Colloid Science in North America, 1900-1935

Andrew Ede

Author : Andrew Ede
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2007-01-01
Category : History
ISBN : 0754657868

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The Rise and Decline of Colloid Science in North America, 1900-1935 by Andrew Ede Pdf

This book offers a comprehensive account of the rise and sudden decline of the status of colloid research in North America in the first half of the twentieth century, exploring the development of colloid chemistry in the laboratory and the science's reception in the wider research community. It also gives a fascinating insight into the new interest in and promotion of science in North America during the Progressive Era.

Falling Behind?

Michael S. Teitelbaum

Author : Michael S. Teitelbaum
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 279 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2014-03-30
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781400850143

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Falling Behind? by Michael S. Teitelbaum Pdf

How the fear of a shortage in American science talent fuels cycles in the technical labor market Is the United States falling behind in the global race for scientific and engineering talent? Are U.S. employers facing shortages of the skilled workers that they need to compete in a globalized world? Such claims from some employers and educators have been widely embraced by mainstream media and political leaders, and have figured prominently in recent policy debates about education, federal expenditures, tax policy, and immigration. Falling Behind? offers careful examinations of the existing evidence and of its use by those involved in these debates. These concerns are by no means a recent phenomenon. Examining historical precedent, Michael Teitelbaum highlights five episodes of alarm about "falling behind" that go back nearly seventy years to the end of World War II. In each of these episodes the political system responded by rapidly expanding the supply of scientists and engineers, but only a few years later political enthusiasm or economic demand waned. Booms turned to busts, leaving many of those who had been encouraged to pursue science and engineering careers facing disheartening career prospects. Their experiences deterred younger and equally talented students from following in their footsteps—thereby sowing the seeds of the next cycle of alarm, boom, and bust. Falling Behind? examines these repeated cycles up to the present, shedding new light on the adequacy of the science and engineering workforce for the current and future needs of the United States.

Studies on the Abuse and Decline of Reason

F.A Hayek

Author : F.A Hayek
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2013-05-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136604362

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Studies on the Abuse and Decline of Reason by F.A Hayek Pdf

"The studies of which this book is the result have from the beginning been guided by and in the end confirmed the somewhat old-fashioned conviction of the author that it is human ideas which govern the development of human affairs," Hayek wrote in his notes in 1940. Indeed, Studies on the Abuse and Decline of Reason remains Hayek’s greatest unfinished work and is here presented for the first time under the expert editorship of Bruce Caldwell. In the book, Hayek argues that the abuse and decline of reason was caused by hubris, by man’s pride in his ability to reason, which in Hayek’s mind had been heightened by the rapid advance and multitudinous successes of the natural sciences, and the attempt to apply natural science methods in the social sciences.

Sex, Science And Profits

Terence Kealey

Author : Terence Kealey
Publisher : Random House
Page : 345 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2010-10-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781446400470

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Sex, Science And Profits by Terence Kealey Pdf

The question 'What is art?' is frequently debated, but 'What is science?' appears to be discussed less often - though the answers could reveal far more about us. Is science a public good? Does science mean progress? Or is science something more exploitative - driven by profit, promoted by businesses and institutions looking for economic and political power? In this ground-breaking study in the tradition of Richard Dawkins and Jared Diamond, Terence Kealey shows how an understanding of sexual and natural selection can transform our view of progress in economics, business and technology. Richly multi-disciplinary, witty, brilliant and thought-provoking, it is an important and controversial book.

Undergraduate Chemistry Education

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Chemical Sciences Roundtable

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Chemical Sciences Roundtable
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2014-03-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309295895

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Undergraduate Chemistry Education by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Chemical Sciences Roundtable Pdf

Undergraduate Chemistry Education is the summary of a workshop convened in May 2013 by the Chemical Science Roundtable of the National Research Council to explore the current state of undergraduate chemistry education. Research and innovation in undergraduate chemistry education has been done for many years, and one goal of this workshop was to assist in the transfer of lessons learned from the education research community to faculty members whose expertise lies in the field of chemistry rather than in education. Through formal presentations and panel discussions, participants from academia, industry, and funding organizations explored drivers of change in science, technology, engineering and mathematics education; innovations in chemistry education; and challenges and opportunities in chemistry education reform. Undergraduate Chemistry Education discusses large-scale innovations that are transferable, widely applicable, and/or proven successful, with specific consideration of drivers and metrics of change, barriers to implementation of changes, and examples of innovation in the classroom.

Psychological Science Under Scrutiny

Scott O. Lilienfeld,Irwin D. Waldman

Author : Scott O. Lilienfeld,Irwin D. Waldman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2017-01-03
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781118661048

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Psychological Science Under Scrutiny by Scott O. Lilienfeld,Irwin D. Waldman Pdf

Psychological Science Under Scrutiny explores a range of contemporary challenges to the assumptions and methodologies of psychology, in order to encourage debate and ground the discipline in solid science. Discusses the pointed challenges posed by critics to the field of psychological research, which have given pause to psychological researchers across a broad spectrum of sub-fields Argues that those conducting psychological research need to fundamentally change the way they think about data and results, in order to ensure that psychology has a firm basis in empirical science Places the recent challenges discussed into a broad historical and conceptual perspective, and considers their implications for the future of psychological methodology and research Challenges discussed include confirmation bias, the effects of grant pressure, false-positive findings, overestimating the efficacy of medications, and high correlations in functional brain imaging Chapters are authored by internationally recognized experts in their fields, and are written with a minimum of specialized terminology to ensure accessibility to students and lay readers

The Crisis of Expertise

Gil Eyal

Author : Gil Eyal
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 135 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-24
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781509538874

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The Crisis of Expertise by Gil Eyal Pdf

In recent political debates there has been a significant change in the valence of the word “experts” from a superlative to a near pejorative, typically accompanied by a recitation of experts’ many failures and misdeeds. In topics as varied as Brexit, climate change, and vaccinations there is a palpable mistrust of experts and a tendency to dismiss their advice. Are we witnessing, therefore, the “death of expertise,” or is the handwringing about an “assault on science” merely the hysterical reaction of threatened elites? In this new book, Gil Eyal argues that what needs to be explained is not a one-sided “mistrust of experts” but the two-headed pushmi-pullyu of unprecedented reliance on science and expertise, on the one hand, coupled with increased skepticism and dismissal of scientific findings and expert opinion, on the other. The current mistrust of experts is best understood as one more spiral in an on-going, recursive crisis of legitimacy. The “scientization of politics,” of which critics warned in the 1960s, has brought about a politicization of science, and the two processes reinforce one another in an unstable, crisis-prone mixture. This timely book will be of great interest to students and scholars in the social sciences and to anyone concerned about the political uses of, and attacks on, scientific knowledge and expertise.

The Decline of Learning in America

Charles T. Stewart

Author : Charles T. Stewart
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Education
ISBN : 1604562234

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The Decline of Learning in America by Charles T. Stewart Pdf

This book offers a complete and coherent analysis of the interrelated problems of student achievement at every level, the supply of scientific and technical manpower, its contribution to the nation's economic future, and the diverse policies directed at improving school achievement and the quality of labor supply.

The Rise and Decline of the American "Empire"

Geir Lundestad

Author : Geir Lundestad
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2012-03-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780191641008

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The Rise and Decline of the American "Empire" by Geir Lundestad Pdf

The Rise and Decline of the American "Empire" explores the rapidly growing literature on the rise and fall of the United States. The author argues that after 1945 the US has definitely been the most dominant power the world has seen and that it has successfully met the challenges from, first, the Soviet Union and, then, Japan, and the European Union. Now, however, the United States is in decline: its vast military power is being challenged by asymmetrical wars, its economic growth is slow and its debt is rising rapidly, the political system is proving unable to meet these challenges in a satisfactory way. While the US is still likely to remain the world's leading power for the foreseeable future, it is being challenged by China, particularly economically, and also by several other regional Great Powers. The book also addresses the more theoretical question of what recent superpowers have been able to achieve and what they have not achieved. How could the United States be both the dominant power and at the same time suffer significant defeats? And how could the Soviet Union suddenly collapse? No power has ever been omnipotent. It cannot control events all around the world. The Soviet Union suffered from imperial overstretch; the traditional colonial empires suffered from a growing lack of legitimacy at the international, national, and local levels. The United States has been able to maintain its alliance system, but only in a much reformed way. If a small power simply insists on pursuing its own very different policies, there is normally little the United States and other Great Powers will do. Military intervention is an option that can be used only rarely and most often with strikingly limited results.

Shrinking the Earth

Donald Worster

Author : Donald Worster
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2016-01-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9780199844968

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Shrinking the Earth by Donald Worster Pdf

The discovery of the Americas around 1500 AD was an extraordinary watershed in human experience. It gave rise to the modern period of human ecology, a phenomenon global in scope that set in motion profound changes in almost every society on earth. This new period, which saw the depletion of the lands of the New World, proved tragic for some, triumphant for others, and powerfully affecting for all. In this work, acclaimed environmental historian Donald Worster takes a global view in his examination of the ways in which complex issues of worldwide abundance and scarcity have shaped American society and behavior over three centuries. Looking at the limits nature imposes on human ambitions, he questions whether America today is in the midst of a shift from a culture of abundance to a culture of limits-and whether American consumption has become reliant on the global South. Worster engages with key political, economic, and environmental thinkers while presenting his own interpretation of the role of capitalism and government in issues of wealth, abundance, and scarcity. Acknowledging the earth's agency throughout human history, Shrinking the Earth offers a compelling explanation of how we have arrived where we are and a hopeful way forward on a planet that is no longer as large as it once was.

Patronage, Practice, and the Culture of American Science

Hugh Richard Slotten

Author : Hugh Richard Slotten
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 1994-06-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521433959

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Patronage, Practice, and the Culture of American Science by Hugh Richard Slotten Pdf

In this book Hugh Richard Slotten explores the institutional and cultural history of science in the United States. The main focus is on the activities of Alexander Dallas Bache - great-grandson of Benjamin Franklin and the acknowledged "chief" of the American scientific community during the second third of the nineteenth century. Bache played a central role in the organization and management of a number of key scientific institutions, including the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the Smithsonian Institution, and the National Academy of Sciences. But his dominance in these institutions was made possible through his control of an organization less well known today, the United States Coast Survey, which he superintended from 1843 until his death in 1867. Under Bache's command the Coast Survey became the central scientific institution in antebellum America. Using richly detailed archival records, Slotten pursues an analysis of Bache and the Coast Survey that illuminates important historiographic themes. We gain a better understanding of the particular style of nineteenth-century American science by examining the role of the Coast Survey as a source of patronage. Perhaps most important, this study explores the ways in which scientific knowledge and practice are embedded within local contexts. Although Bache sought to use the Coast Survey to raise the status of American science partly by emulating European scientific elites, his efforts also reflected the cultural and political values of antebellum America. Slotten thus analyzes the interrelationship between political culture, patterns of patronage, and the institutional practice of science in the United States.

Is American Science In Decline

Is American Science in Decline? by Yu Xie,Alexandra A Killewald Pdf

Science-Mart by Philip Mirowski Pdf

The Myth of America's Decline: Politics, Economics, and a Half Century of False Prophecies by Josef Joffe Pdf

The Decline and Fall of the American Republic by Bruce Ackerman Pdf

The Rise and Decline of Colloid Science in North America, 1900-1935 by Andrew Ede Pdf

Falling Behind? by Michael S. Teitelbaum Pdf

Studies on the Abuse and Decline of Reason by F.A Hayek Pdf

Sex, Science And Profits by Terence Kealey Pdf

Undergraduate Chemistry Education by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Chemical Sciences Roundtable Pdf

Psychological Science Under Scrutiny by Scott O. Lilienfeld,Irwin D. Waldman Pdf

The Crisis of Expertise by Gil Eyal Pdf

The Decline of Learning in America by Charles T. Stewart Pdf

The Rise and Decline of the American "Empire" by Geir Lundestad Pdf

Shrinking the Earth by Donald Worster Pdf

Patronage, Practice, and the Culture of American Science by Hugh Richard Slotten Pdf

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