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Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Educacion
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : David K. Evans,Katrina Kosec
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 117 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012-06-18
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780821389317
In the past fifteen years, Brazil has made great strides in increasing its population's access to early child education, with both preschool and creche enrollment increasing by over fifty percent. Education programs for young children have consistently been shown to have long-term positive effects on life outcomes of participants. In Brazil, these programs have demonstrated positive impacts on, for example, income, length of schooling, and test scores. However, the quality of pre-schools and creches is essential in achieving these improvements, and even in capital cities, very few centers are rated as high-quality centers. Representation of the poorest and most vulnerable children among those attending pre-school and creche still lags considerably behind that of more privileged children, although poorer children stand to gain the most from early child education programs. Additionally, large rural-urban and regional disparities exist. This book details the literature on the effects of early child education and the importance of quality, and gives a comprehensive view of the quality, regional, and socioeconomic gaps in early child education in Brazil. It further examines existing public and private initiatives in Brazil, and discusses how they can be leveraged to effectively and efficiently provide quality pre-school and creche care. A central aim of the book is to provide policymakers with specific recommendations of policies to improve the quality and equity of the early child education experience in Brazil. Given the difficulty in reaching children in remote areas and the need to expand coverage to the poorest segments of the population, Brazil will need to be strategic in how and where it invests. It should target new centers and allocate existing spaces to the poorest people and areas. Municipal policymakers should allocate public spaces in a transparent manner, provide guidelines to institutions, and monitor them. Teachers need guidance on the best activities to use, to improve child outcomes. The use of participatory budgeting could potentially improve access and equity by involving the poor directly in the budgeting process. Increased cross-sectoral coordination could improve child welfare in cost-effective ways, and public-private partnerships could stretch existing resources further and expand coverage more quickly.
Author : Sarah Kabay
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780192896865
Around the world, 250 million children cannot read, write, or perform basic mathematics. They represent almost 40% of all primary school-aged children. This situation has come to be called the global learning crisis and it is one of the most critical challenges facing the world today. Work to address this situation depends on how it is understood. Typically, the global learning crisis and efforts to improve primary education are defined in relation to two terms: access and quality. This book is focused on the connection between them. Through a mixed-methods case study, it provides detailed, contextualized analysis of Ugandan primary education. As one of the first countries in Sub-Saharan Africa to enact dramatic and far-reaching primary education policy, Uganda serves as a compelling case study. With both quantitative and qualitative data from over 400 Ugandan schools and communities, the book analyzes grade repetition, private primary schools, and school fees, viewing each issue as an illustration of the connection between access to education and education quality. This analysis finds evidence of a positive association, challenging a key assumption that there is a trade-off or disconnect between efforts to improve access to education and efforts to improve education quality. Embracing the complexity of education systems, and focusing on dynamics where improvements in access and quality can be mutually reinforcing, can be a new approach for improving basic education in different contexts around the world.
Author : Keijiro Otsuka,Jonna P. Estudillo,Yasuyuki Sawada
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2008-11-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134019434
This books uses primary data of rural households collected in eight countries in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa to shed new light on increased farm income, increased investment in schooling of children, poverty reduction and the development of non-farm economies.
Author : J. Patrick Raines,Charles G. Leathers
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2003-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1781008620
Working within the context of the evolutionary-institutional transformation of higher education, the authors trace the development of an economic model by which the behavioral tendencies of modern universities can be evaluated. That model is expanded to provide insights to the following questions: Why do universities compete and how do they develop and implement their competitive strategies? How do universities make critical institutional decisions about operational missions, academic policies, and internal resource allocation? Do universities efficiently and effectively pursue the special social functions assigned to them? Patrick Raines and Charles Leathers present an integrated, coherent theory to explain the behavior of universities and provide a realistic economic model that predicts how universities allocate their scarce educational resources. This alternative view is contrasted with the mainstream explanations of university behavior based on the maximization of student welfare or faculty influences. The authors extend the existing literature on the operation of universities by presenting a history of the evolution of the modern entrepreneurial universities as well as an explanation of academic capitalism. This absorbing volume will appeal to anyone interested in the history of economic thought or the history of education. Scholars of Veblen, Smith, and Malthus will be fascinated by their individual and comparative theories of the purpose and failures of higher education.
Author : Joel E. Cohen,David Elliot Bloom,Martin B. Malin
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 616 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780262033671
Experts illuminate the challenges of achieving universal basic and secondary education, discussing the importance and difficulties not only of expanding access to education and but also of improving the quality of education.
Author : Estelle James
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2024-07-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Education
ISBN : MINN:30000010540262
Author : Mark Montgomery
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 082133123X
Annotation World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study No. 112. Assesses evidence of a negative correlation between the number of children born and levels of child schooling by examining their determinants. In many developing countries, as parents have fewer children, they invest more in the health, education, and welfare of each child. This "quantity-quality tradeoff" is vividly illustrated in the recent economic development of Southeast Asia and Latin America. In Sub-Saharan Africa, however, the existence of such a tradeoff has not been established. The few studies conducted to date reveal either no correlation or a slightly positive one, whereby higher fertility rates are linked to greater schooling per child. This study examines the determinants of fertility and of child schooling in C te d'Ivoire and Ghana to assess evidence of a tradeoff, using data from three surveys conducted between 1985 and 1987. The results are mixed. In C te d'Ivoire, there is evidence of such a tradeoff in urban areas but not rural ones. In urban areas, female schooling, higher income, and improved child survival are associated with lower fertility and higher child schooling. In both rural and urban areas of Ghana, there is a tradeoff between fertility and child schooling with higher incomes, and, in rural Ghana, with increases in mothers' schooling. Also available in French ("La relation entre le nombre des enfants et de la scolarisation: Le cas de la C te d'Ivoire et du Ghana"): (ISBN 0-8213-3374-7) Stock No. 13374.
Author : K. Subbarao
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Education
ISBN : 082132859X
World Bank Discussion Paper 244. Although many studies have analyzed the gender gap in primary and secondary education in developing countries, this study is one of the few that analyzes the gap at the tertiary, or university level. The authors tra
Author : Robert I. Lerman,Stephanie Riegg Cellini
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2009-05-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798216073086
Leading experts demystify demographics and show how population changes affect everything from government policy to business opportunities to educational standards. Demographics, as Peter Drucker famously pointed out, is one of the seven sources of entrepreneurial opportunity. Why are demographics so important? Consider the quality and quantity of the U.S. labor force. Birth rates largely determine the size of the future workforce, and the numbers of younger and older people affect public spending on education. What's more, patterns in marriage and child-bearing affect the labor force, and migration and immigration alter the mix of job skills, languages, and cultures in the U.S. workforce. While business and government must react to these trends, they can also shape them. Immigration, education, welfare, and tax policies influence births, family composition, and the locations of people and businesses. In private markets, demography interacts with income levels to affect the mix of goods purchased, the types of workers in demand, and the range of new business opportunities available. Demography is a key item in every business or policy planner's toolbox. Demography, Education, and the Workforce shows how to use its principles to advantage.
Author : Kristin Davis, Javier Ekboir, Wendmsyamregne Mekasha, Cosmas M.O. Ochieng, David J. Spielman and Elias Zerfu
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 80 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2024-07-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Working Group on Factors Affecting Contraceptive Use
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1993-02-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309049443
This book discusses current trends in contraceptive use, socioeconomic and program variables that affect the demand for and supply of children, and the relationship of increased contraceptive use to recent fertility declines.
Author : Paul Belleflamme,Martin Peitz
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 827 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2015-08-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107069978
Updated according to classroom feedback, this comprehensive textbook blends theory and formal models with real-world applications and take-away lessons.
Author : Claude Diebolt,Auke Rijpma,Sarah Carmichael,Selin Dilli,Charlotte Störmer
Publisher : Springer
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2019-01-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319994802
This contributed volume applies cliometric methods to the study of family and households in order to derive global patterns and determine their impact on economic development. Family and households are a fundamental feature of societies and economies. They are found throughout history and are the place where key decisions on fertility, labour force participation, education, consumption are made. This is especially relevant for the position of women. The book gathers key insights from a variety of fields – economics, history, demography, anthropology, biology – to shed light on the relation between family organisation and the long-term process of economic development.