Islamic Astronomical Tables

Author : Benno van Dalen
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2023-05-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000944198

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Islamic Astronomical Tables by Benno van Dalen Pdf

This volume comprises nine articles on Islamic astronomy published since 1989 by Benno van Dalen. Van Dalen was the first historian of Islamic astronomy who made full use of the new possibilities of computers in the early 1990s. He implemented various statistical and numerical methods that can be used to determine the mathematical properties of medieval astronomical tables, and utilized these to obtain entirely new, until then unattainable historical results concerning the interdependence of individual tables and hence of entire astronomical works. His programmes for analysing tables, making sexagesimal calculations and converting calendar dates continue to be widely used. The five articles in the first part of this collection explain the principles of a range of statistical methods for determining unknown parameter values underlying astronomical tables and present extensive step-by-step examples for their use. The four articles in the second part provide extensive studies of materials in unpublished primary sources on Islamic astronomy that heavily depend on these methods. The volume is completed with a detailed index.

Author : Edward Stewart Kennedy
Publisher : American Philosophical Society
Page : 82 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1956
Category : Science
ISBN : 087169462X

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A Survey of Islamic Astronomical Tables by Edward Stewart Kennedy Pdf

The source material for the study of medieval oriental astronomy consists of Byzantine Greek, Sanscrit, Hebrew, Arabic, Persian, and Turkish astronomical and astrological manuscripts. If one desires to build up a detailed picture of Islamic astronomy, one can choose material from these available manuscripts. Of these manuscripts it is possible to isolate a group of works, the "zijes". A "zij" consists of the numerical tables and accompanying explanation sufficient to measure time and to compute planetary and stellar positions, appearance, and eclipses. This paper is a survey of the number, distribution, contents, and relations between "zijes" written in Arabic or Persian during the period from the 8th through the 15th centuries. Illustrations. Oversize.

Author : Edward S. Kennedy
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 55 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:634439047

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A Survey of Islamic Astronomical Tables by Edward S. Kennedy Pdf

Author : David A. King
Publisher : Variorum Publishing
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015014242922

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Islamic Mathematical Astronomy by David A. King Pdf

Author : David A. King
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 421 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2022-02-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000585018

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Islamic Astronomy and Geography by David A. King Pdf

This volume of 12 studies, mainly published during the past 15 years, begins with an overview of the Islamic astronomy covering not only sophisticated mathematical astronomy and instrumentation but also simple folk astronomy, and the ways in which astronomy was used in the service of religion. It continues with discussions of the importance of Islamic instruments and scientific manuscript illustrations. Three studies deal with the regional schools that developed in Islamic astronomy, in this case, Egypt and the Maghrib. Another focuses on a curious astrological table for calculating the length of life of any individual. The notion of the world centred on the sacred Kaaba in Mecca inspired both astronomers and proponents of folk astronomy to propose methods for finding the qibla, or sacred direction towards the Kaaba; their activities are surveyed here. The interaction between the mathematical and folk traditions in astronomy is then illustrated by an 11th-century text on the qibla in Transoxania. The last three studies deal with an account of the geodetic measurements sponsored by the Caliph al-Ma'mûn in the 9th century; a world-map in the tradition of the 11th-century polymath al-Bîrûnî, alas corrupted by careless copying; and a table of geographical coordinates from 15th-century Egypt.

Author : Henry Zepeda
Publisher : Brepols Publishers
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Almagesti minor
ISBN : 2503581374

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The First Latin Treatise on Ptolemy's Astronomy by Henry Zepeda Pdf

The Almagesti minor is one of the most important works of medieval astronomy. The Almagesti minor, probably written in northern France circa 1200, is a Latin summary of the first six books of Ptolemy's astronomical masterpiece, the Almagest. Also known to modern scholars as the Almagestum parvum, the Almagesti minor provides a clear example of how a medieval scholar understood Ptolemy's authoritative writing on cosmology, spherical astronomy, solar theory, lunar theory, and eclipses. The author incorporated the findings of astronomers of the Islamic world, such as al-Battāanīi, into the framework of Ptolemaic astronomy, and he altered the format and style of Ptolemy's astronomy in order to make it accord with the author's ideals of a mathematical science, which were primarily derived from Euclid's Elements. The Almagesti minor had a profound effect upon astronomical writing throughout the 13th-15th centuries, including the work of Georg Peurbach and Johannes Regiomontanus. In this first volume of the Ptolemaeus Arabus et Latinus series, Henry Zepeda offers not only a critical edition of this little-studied text, but also a translation of it into English, analysis of both the text and its geometrical figures, and a thorough study of the work's origins, sources, and long-lasting influence.

Author : David A. King
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015032974019

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Astronomy in the Service of Islam by David A. King Pdf

Delineates the two very different traditions of astronomy in medieval Islam: legal scholars watched the crescent moon to keep the calendar, and used shadows to keep the hours and direction of prayer, while astronomers constructed elaborate theories and mathematical tables to approach ever more precision in times and directions. The articles are reproduced from their original publication in various journals, 1982-91.

Author : Kushyar ibn Labban al-Jili
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 500 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2021-04-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 2503593410

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Ptolemaic Tradition and Islamic Innovation by Kushyar ibn Labban al-Jili Pdf

The Jāmi' Zīj (Comprehensive Zīj) was a highly popular Arabic astronomical handbook with tables written by the Iranian astronomer Kūshyār ibn Labbān al-Jīlī around the year 1000. It belonged to an important category of works, modelled after Ptolemy's Almagest and Handy Tables, that allowed the practising astronomer/astrologer to carry out all necessary calculations of arcs on the heavenly sphere and planetary positions, and ultimately to cast horoscopes. Around one hundred such works are extant, but only very few have been edited, translated or studied in detail. This book contains a full treatment of Book II of Kūshyār's astronomical handbook centred around a critical edition of all the mathematical tables and their paratexts. It sets new standards for the edition of such tables by designing new types of apparatus entries for related variants in the tabular values. The introductory part describes the eight surviving manuscripts that transmit Kūshyār's tables and establishes by a detailed survey that they represent at least three different versions of the Jāmi' Zīj that in all likelihood stem from Kūshyār himself. An extensive commentary with mathematical analyses uncovers numerous new details of the methods by which the tables were computed, the astronomical parameter values on which they were based, the sources for the tables, and their influence on later zījes. These results show how Kūshyār, on the one hand, stayed firmly within the framework of the Ptolemaic tradition, but on the other introduced several types of innovations that later became common in Arabic and Persian astronomical handbooks.

Author : Clemency Montelle,Kim Plofker
Publisher : Springer
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2019-03-07
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783319970370

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Sanskrit Astronomical Tables by Clemency Montelle,Kim Plofker Pdf

This groundbreaking volume provides an up-to-date, accessible guide to Sanskrit astronomical tables and their analysis. It begins with an overview of Indian mathematical astronomy and its literature, including table texts, in the context of history of pre-modern astronomy. It then discusses the primary mathematical astronomy content of table texts and the attempted taxonomy of this genre before diving into the broad outlines of their representation in the Sanskrit scientific manuscript corpus. Finally, the authors survey the major categories of individual tables compiled in these texts, complete with brief analyses of some of the methods for constructing and using them, and then chronicle the evolution of the table-text genre and the impacts of its changing role on the discipline of Sanskrit jyotiṣa. There are also three appendices: one inventories all the identified individual works in the genre currently known to the authors; one provides reference information about the details of all the notational, calendric, astronomical, and other classification systems invoked in the study; and one serves as a glossary of the relevant Sanskrit terms.

Author : David A. King
Publisher : Variorum Publishing
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015015762670

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Islamic Astronomical Instruments by David A. King Pdf

Author : David A. King
Publisher : UC Biblioteca Geral 1
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Astronomia àrab
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Astronomy for Landlubbers and Navigators by David A. King Pdf

Author : Daniel A. Stolz
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2018-01-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107196339

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The Lighthouse and the Observatory by Daniel A. Stolz Pdf

This history of astronomy in Egypt reveals how modern science came to play an authoritative role in Islamic religious practice.

Author : George Saliba
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1995-07-01
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780814738894

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A History of Arabic Astronomy by George Saliba Pdf

A History of Arabic Astronomy is a comprehensive survey of Arabic planetary theories from the eleventh century to the fifteenth century based on recent manuscript discoveries. George Saliba argues that the medieval period, often called a period of decline in Islamic intellectual history, was scientifically speaking, a very productive period in which astronomical theories of the highest order were produced. Based on the most recent manuscript discoveries, this book broadly surveys developments in Arabic planetary theories from the eleventh century to the fifteenth. Taken together, the primary texts and essays assembled in this book reverse traditional beliefs about the rise and fall of Arabic science, demonstrating how the traditional “age of decline” in Arabic science was indeed a “Golden Age” as far as astronomy was concerned. Some of the techniques and mathematical theorems developed during this period were identical to those which were employed by Copernicus in developing his own non-Ptolemaic astronomy. Significantly, this volume will shed much-needed light on the conditions under which such theories were developed in medieval Islam. It clearly demonstrates the distinction that was drawn between astronomical activities and astrological ones, and reveals, contrary to common perceptions about medieval Islam, the accommodation that was obviously reached between religion and astronomy, and the degree to which astronomical planetary theories were supported, and at times even financed, by the religious community itself. This in stark contrast to the systematic attacks leveled by the same religious community against astrology. To students of European intellectual history, the book reveals the technical relationship between the astronomy of the Arabs and that of Copernicus. Saliba’s definitive work will be of particular interest to historians of Arabic science as well as to historians of medieval and Renaissance European science.

Author : ʻAlī ibn Sulaymān Hāshimī
Publisher : Scholars Facsimiles Ae Reprints
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Literary Collections
ISBN : UOM:39015029391359

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Kitāb Fīʻilal Al-zījāt by ʻAlī ibn Sulaymān Hāshimī Pdf

Author : Sally P. Ragep
Publisher : Springer
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2017-01-20
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783319319933

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Jaghmīnī’s Mulakhkhaṣ by Sally P. Ragep Pdf

This book provides the only critical edition and English translation of Maḥmūd al-Jaghmīnī’s al-Mulakhkhaṣ fī al-hayʾa al-basīṭa, the most widely circulated Arabic treatise on Ptolemaic astronomy ever written. Composed in the early 13th century, this introductory textbook played a crucial role in the teaching, dissemination, and institutional instruction of Islamic astronomy well into the 19th century (and beyond). Establishing the base text is a fundamental prerequisite for gaining insights into what was considered an elementary astronomical textbook in Islam and also for understanding the extensive commentary tradition that built upon it. Within this volume, the Mulakhkhaṣ is situated within the broader context of the genre of literature termed ʿilm al-hayʾa, which has become the subject of intensive research over the past 25 years. In so doing, it provides a survey of summary accounts of theoretical astronomy of Jaghmīnī’s predecessors, both Ancient and Islamic, which could have served as potential sources for the Mulakhkhaṣ. Jaghmīnī’s dates (which until now remained unsettled) are established, and it is definitively shown that he composed not only the Mulakhkhaṣ but also other scientific treatises, including the popular medical treatise al-Qānūnča, during a period that has been deemed one of scientific decline and stagnation in Islamic lands. The book will be of particular interest to scholars engaged in the study of Islamic theoretical astronomy, but is accessible to a general readership interested in learning what constituted an introduction to Ptolemaic astronomy in Islamic lands.