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Author : Maria do Céu Pinto
Publisher : Rubbettino Editore
Page : 110 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8849808879
Author : Girma Yohannes Iyassu Menelik
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2010-02-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783640523337
Research Paper from the year 2010 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict Studies, Security, grade: excellent, University of Miami (FL. And Brookings Institution Washington D. C.; Security And Terrorism Studies), course: Homegrown Terrorists And Their Future Goals In Europe, language: English, abstract: On November 28th 2009, referendum, a constitutional amendment banning the construction of new minarets was approved by 57.5% of the participating voters in Switzerland (based on their direct-vote system). The outcome of such a referendum angered not the moderates but all radical Muslims throughout Europe, the Middle-East, Asia, Africa and Pakistan.Do those radicals do the same if Vatican venture to construct a Church in Riad or Istanbul? The reason is simple, the people of Switzerland (57%)were afraid by the dramatic development of Islamic institutions and the Europe-wide agitation of radicalists’ through their mosques and forums. As you can read in this book, the radical Muslims were angry because one of their strategic pillar that carried their future goals has failed, hidered or doomed. The initial strategy targeting Europe as the future battleground for radical Islamic terrorists, was born in Geneva,Switzerland. Their goal is “to get back Europe, the continent once belonged to them”. For that purpose, they have laid down the groundwork that has been in process since the 1950s. Early in 1950, most members of Islamic Brotherhood (Ikwans, together with those retired Arabic soldiers who fought alongside Nazi-Germany, planted their Mosques in Geneva and Munich. Today,the Ikwans; allied with the Turkish (Milli Goerues) and Asian Islamic fundamentalists, succeeded (with oil Dollars from the Wahabists) in establishing hundreds of Mosques, Research Institutes and diverse business firms throughout Europe. Radical Muslims in Europe operate with a new under-cover strategy -attracting educated youngsters; immigrants, students and converted Europeans to execute their hidden agenda. The bombers of Madrid and London are not the radicals who travelled from the Middle East or Afghanistan to launch their terror actions; they originate from Europe or- mostly home-grown. In the future, as it is today, most of the Islamist terrorist threat to the United States will largely originate from Europe(due to visa waiver). As it is imagined, the graduates of Middle Eastern madrassas who are functional idiots and can do little more than read the Koran, will not travel to Europe or the US to launch their attacks. Miami, FL October, 2009
Author : Russell A. Berman
Publisher : Hoover Press
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2013-09-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780817911164
In his analysis of Europe's ambivalence toward jihadist terror and the spread of aggressive Islamism, with particular emphasis on the European responses—or lack thereof—to this violent anti-modernism, Russell A. Berman describes how some European countries opt for appeasement and apologetics, whereas others muster the strength to defend their way of life and stand up for freedom. He describes a complex continent of different nations and traditions to further our understanding of the range of reactions to Islamism.
Author : Frederic Volpi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2013-09-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317998457
This volume investigates the impact of a new brand of transnational terrorism and political violence produced by radical Islamist groups from the Maghreb on the regional security dynamics. It describes the causes of the problems and the strategies devised by European and North African states in order to address it and details the successes and failures of co-operation between states and society on both shores of the Mediterranean. Investigating the grand security strategies that have been devised for the Mediterranean after the Cold War and after 9/11, the contributors focus on the role of police and military apparati in securitizing the new threats that have become prominent after 9/11, and the unintended consequences of these strategies. In addition, the contributors analyze the relationship between Islamist groups, the state and society and highlight some key causes of political violence and radicalism. They outline how a better use of the law, migration, and intercultural dialogue might provide useful alternatives or complements to the mostly securitarian strategies that are currently dominant in the region.
Author : Efraim Inbar,Hillel Frisch
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2007-12-12
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134066407
Radical Islam poses a political challenge in the modern world which is like that of no other radical religious movement. Ideologically, it is perceived by Western policy makers as threatening the liberal-democratic ideology by which most states in the West abide and which most other states rhetorically espouse. This book serves as a welcome addition to the intellectual and policy debate on the nature of the radical Islam phenomenon and how to respond to it. The collection is divided into three parts: the first part seeks to understand the Islamic challenge in broad comparative and historical terms, while the second part deals with specific regional case studies, which seek to identify patterns of uniformity and variation in radical Islam across a wide swath of terrain. The third part is policy-oriented, suggesting possible responses to the Islamic challenge. The contributors include distinguished researchers from Europe, North America and the Middle East. This book will be of much interest to students of Islamism, political violence, international security and Middle Eastern politics.
Author : George Joffe
Publisher : I.B. Tauris
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2012-11-28
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1848854803
Are today's radicals tomorrow's extremists? Are adherents to Islamism necessarily extremist or violent? Most analyses of violence emanating from the Middle East or from Europe's Muslim communities tend to assume that this is the case. Not so in this book. Instead, with a wide-ranging and case-by-case approach, it seeks to look beyond these assumptions, examining the specific contexts of radicalism and asking what creates the conditions for radicalisation. Shedding much-needed light upon a phenomenon that has helped to define today's world, this book will be essential for general readers, students and researchers who take an interest in the fields of Politics, International Relations and the phenomena of multiculturalism and terrorism.
Author : Alayna Montgomery
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Insurgency
ISBN : 1634837703
The rising number of U.S. and European citizens traveling to fight with rebel and terrorist groups in Syria and Iraq has emerged as a growing concern for U.S. and European leaders, including Members of Congress. Several deadly terrorist attacks in Europe over the past year -- including the killing of 17 people in Paris in January 2015 -- have heightened the perception that these individuals could pose a serious security threat. Increasingly, terrorist suspects in Europe appear to have spent time with groups fighting in the Middle East, especially with the Islamic State organization (also known as ISIL or ISIS). Others, like the gunman who murdered two individuals in Copenhagen in February 2015, seem to have been inspired by Islamist extremist propaganda. U.S. intelligence suggests that more than 20,000 foreign fighters have traveled to the Syria-Iraq region, including at least 3,400 Westerners, since 2011. The vast majority of Western fighters are thought to be from Europe, although roughly 150 Americans have traveled or attempted to travel to Syria. U.S. authorities estimate that a handful of Americans have died in the conflict; they also assert that military operations against the Islamic State group since August 2014 have killed thousands of fighters, including an unknown number of foreigners. European governments have employed a mix of security measures and prevention efforts to address the potential foreign fighter threat. This book discusses U.S. and European assessments of and responses to the foreign fighter phenomenon. It focuses on government policies primarily in Western European countries and analyzes EU measures to counter the foreign fighter threat given the EU's largely open internal borders and that 23 EU member states belong to the U.S. Visa Waiver Program. It also briefly evaluates foreign fighter outflows and responses in the Western Balkans and Russia; discusses U.S.-European cooperation, primarily in the law enforcement and intelligence areas, and addresses issues of particular concern for Congress, such as the VWP; examines the evolution of U.S.-EU counterterrorism cooperation and the ongoing challenges that may be of interest in the 113th Congress; and concludes with statements from several speakers of three different hearings related to foreign fighters.
Author : Roberto Aliboni,George Joffe,Tim Niblock
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2013-04-03
Category : History
ISBN : 9781136306792
Contributions to this book question the concept of the clash of cultures. The challenge to the West does not lie in the monolith of Islam turning aggressively outward to Europe and the US, but in the rivalries between regimes ruling over societies divided by an imbalance in wealth and power.
Author : Roger Scruton
Publisher : Intercollegiate Studies Institute
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Globalization
ISBN : UOM:49015002794114
Similarly, Scruton explains why the notions of territorial jurisdiction, citizenship, and the independent legitimacy of secular authority and law are both specifically Western and fundamentally antipathetic to Islamic thought."--BOOK JACKET.
Author : Christopher Deliso
Publisher : Praeger
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2007-06-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105123276193
Well-funded groups like the Saudi-backed Wahabbis continue to exploit internal schisms within local communities, while the international administrations in Bosnia and Kosovo have actually strengthened the grip of local mafia groups--business partners of terrorists. Worst of all, the Western peacekeepers' chronic "don't rock the boat" mentality has allowed extremist groups to operate unchallenged. Nevertheless, regional demographic and cultural trends, coinciding with an increasingly hostile attitude in the larger Muslim world over Western military actions and perceived symbolic provocations, indicate that the lawless Balkans will become increasingly valuable as a strategic base for Islamic radicals over the next two decades.
Author : Christopher Allen,Jørgen S. Nielsen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : History
ISBN : STANFORD:36105112668848
Following the terrorist attacks in the U.S. on 11 Sept., a reporting system was implemented on potential anti-Islamic reactions in the 15 European Union (EU) Member States. This report, based on 15 country reports, presents a comparative analysis of acts of aggression and changes in attitudes towards Muslims and other minority groups across the EU in the wake of 11 Sept. Its findings show that Islamic communities and other vulnerable groups have become targets of increased hostility since 11 Sept., although attempts to allay fears sometimes led to a new interest in Islamic culture and to practical interfaith initiatives. The report's recommendations are drawn from examples of good practice in overcoming fears and tackling prejudice.
Author : Lorenzo Vidino
Publisher : Prometheus Books
Page : 403 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2009-12-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781615923113
Written by an expert at The Investigative Project, a counterterrorism institute and America's largest private data-gathering center on militant Islamic activities, this text fills a critical gap in the understanding of the new threats posed by Islamist terrorism.
Author : Robert S. Leiken
Publisher : OUP USA
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2012-03-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9780195328974
This authoritative and engaging account of how Islam came to twentieth-century Europe and altered the continent's cultural, political, and security landscape is revealed in a study that looks at the emerging Islamic threat in Europe.
Author : B. A. Roberson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2005-06-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781134825899
Leading commentators on Europe and the Middle East explore many of the key issues which have informed the relationship between the two regions. Ranging from Europe's colonial legacies to an uncertain economic future in the region the book covers: * the Cold War and after * the profound influence of the US * the rise of political Islam * case studies including Europe and the Iranian revolution, France's experiences in Algeria, and Turkey's position between the two regions. The EU, it is argued, has more influence over economic strategies than security issues in the Middle East. These strategies have in turn promoted stability in the form of free trade zones, ensuring vital economic development between the Middle East and Europe.
Author : Martin S. Indyk,Kenneth G. Lieberthal,Michael E. O'Hanlon
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2013-09-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780815724476
By the time of Barack Obama's inauguration as the 44th president of the United States, he had already developed an ambitious foreign policy vision. By his own account, he sought to bend the arc of history toward greater justice, freedom, and peace; within a year he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, largely for that promise. In Bending History, Martin Indyk, Kenneth Lieberthal, and Michael O’Hanlon measure Obama not only against the record of his predecessors and the immediate challenges of the day, but also against his own soaring rhetoric and inspiring goals. Bending History assesses the considerable accomplishments as well as the failures and seeks to explain what has happened. Obama's best work has been on major and pressing foreign policy challenges—counterterrorism policy, including the daring raid that eliminated Osama bin Laden; the "reset" with Russia; managing the increasingly significant relationship with China; and handling the rogue states of Iran and North Korea. Policy on resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, however, has reflected serious flaws in both strategy and execution. Afghanistan policy has been plagued by inconsistent messaging and teamwork. On important "softer" security issues—from energy and climate policy to problems in Africa and Mexico—the record is mixed. As for his early aspiration to reshape the international order, according greater roles and responsibilities to rising powers, Obama's efforts have been well-conceived but of limited effectiveness. On issues of secondary importance, Obama has been disciplined in avoiding fruitless disputes (as with Chavez in Venezuela and Castro in Cuba) and insisting that others take the lead (as with Qaddafi in Libya). Notwithstanding several missteps, he has generally managed well the complex challenges of the Arab awakenings, striving to strike the right balance between U.S. values and interests. The authors see Obama's foreign policy to date as a triumph of discipline and realism over ideology. He has been neither the transformative beacon his devotees have wanted, nor the weak apologist for America that his critics allege. They conclude that his grand strategy for promoting American interests in a tumultuous world may only now be emerging, and may yet be curtailed by conflict with Iran. Most of all, they argue that he or his successor will have to embrace U.S. economic renewal as the core foreign policy and national security challenge of the future.