Isoscapes

Author : Jason B. West,Gabriel J. Bowen,Todd E. Dawson,Kevin P. Tu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 495 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2009-11-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789048133543

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Isoscapes by Jason B. West,Gabriel J. Bowen,Todd E. Dawson,Kevin P. Tu Pdf

Stable isotope ratio variation in natural systems reflects the dynamics of Earth systems processes and imparts isotope labels to Earth materials. Carbon isotope ratios of atmospheric CO2 record exchange of carbon between the biosphere and the atmosphere; the incredible journeys of migrating monarchs is documented by hydrogen isotopes in their wings; and water carries an isotopic record of its source and history as it traverses the atmosphere and land surface. Through these and many other examples, improved understanding of spatio-temporal isotopic variation in Earth systems is leading to innovative new approaches to scientific problem-solving. This volume provides a comprehensive overview of the theory, methods, and applications that are enabling new disciplinary and cross-disciplinary advances through the study of "isoscapes": isotopic landscapes. "This impressive new volume shows scientists deciphering and using the natural isotope landscapes that subtly adorn our spaceship Earth.", Brian Fry, Coastal Ecology Institute, Louisiana State University, USA "An excellent timely must read and must-have reference book for anybody interested or engaged in applying stable isotope signatures to questions in e.g. Anthropology, Biogeochemistry, Ecology, or Forensic Science regarding chronological and spatial movement, changes, or distribution relating to animals, humans, plants, or water.", Wolfram Meier-Augenstein, Centre for Anatomy & Human Identification, University of Dundee, UK "Natural resources are being affected by global change, but exactly where, how, and at what pace? Isoscapes provide new and remarkably precise answers.", John Hayes, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, USA "This exciting volume is shaping a new landscape in environmental sciences that is utilizing the remarkable advances in isotope research to enhance and extend the capabilities of the field.", Dan Yakir, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel

Author : Keith A. Hobson,Leonard I. Wassenaar
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2018-09-13
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780128147245

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Tracking Animal Migration with Stable Isotopes by Keith A. Hobson,Leonard I. Wassenaar Pdf

Tracking Animal Migration with Stable Isotopes, Second Edition, provides a complete introduction to new and powerful isotopic tools and applications that track animal migration, reviewing where isotope tracers fit in the modern toolbox of tracking methods. The book provides background information on a broad range of migration scenarios in terrestrial and aquatic systems and summarizes the most cutting-edge developments in the field that are revolutionizing the way migrant individuals and populations are assigned to their true origins. It allows undergraduates, graduate students and non-specialist scientists to adopt and apply isotopes to migration research, and also serves as a useful reference for scientists. The new edition thoroughly updates the information available to the reader on current applications of this technique and provides new tools for the isotopic assignment of individuals to origins, including geostatistical multi-isotope approaches and the ways in which researchers can combine isotopes with routine data in a Bayesian framework to provide best estimates of animal origins. Four new chapters include contributions on applications to the movements of terrestrial mammals, with particular emphasis on how aspects of animal physiology can influence stable isotope values. Includes an animal physiology component that is an in-depth overview of the cautions and caveats related to this technique Covers marine and aquatic isoscapes and methods to track marine organisms for researchers trying to apply isotopic tracking to animals in these environments Features state-of-the-art statistical treatments for assignment and combining diverse datasets

Author : Steven A. Murawski,Cameron H. Ainsworth,Sherryl Gilbert,David J. Hollander,Claire B. Paris,Michael Schlüter,Dana L. Wetzel
Publisher : Springer
Page : 542 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2019-07-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030129637

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Scenarios and Responses to Future Deep Oil Spills by Steven A. Murawski,Cameron H. Ainsworth,Sherryl Gilbert,David J. Hollander,Claire B. Paris,Michael Schlüter,Dana L. Wetzel Pdf

It has often been said that generals prepare for the next war by re-fighting the last. The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill was unlike any previous – an underwater well blowout 1,500 meters deep. Much has been learned in the wake of DWH and these lessons should in turn be applied to both similar oil spill scenarios and those arising from “frontier” explorations by the marine oil industry. The next deep oil well blowout may be at 3,000 meters or even deeper. This volume summarizes regional (Gulf of Mexico) and global megatrends in marine oil exploration and production. Research in a number of key areas including the behavior of oil and gas under extreme pressure, impacts on biological resources of the deep sea, and the fate of oil and gas released in spills is synthesized. A number of deep oil spills are simulated with detailed computer models, and the likely effects of the spills and potential mitigation measures used to combat them are compared. Recommended changes in policies governing marine oil exploration and development are proposed, as well as additional research to close critical and emerging knowledge gaps. This volume synthesizes state-of-the-art research in deep oil spill behavior and response. It is thus relevant for government and industry oil spill responders, policy formulators and implementers, and academics and students desiring an in-depth and balanced overview of key issues and uncertainties surrounding the quest for deep oil and potential impacts on the environment.

Author : Ann H Ross,Jason H Byrd
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2023-12-15
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780128193952

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Methodological and Technological Advances in Death Investigations by Ann H Ross,Jason H Byrd Pdf

Methodological and Technological Advances in Death Investigations: Application and Case Studies focuses on advancements in both methods and technology in death investigations. Specifically, in the areas of latent fingerprints, facial recognition, wildlife forensics, using aerial vehicles and 3D-ID. The combination of national and international authors and a discussion of the state of forensic science over a decade after the National Academies 2009 Report, Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward, further highlights the boundaries, limitations and context in which these newer technologies and applications act synergistically to enhance forensic science. Synthesizes new and emerging technologies to put them in perspective for researchers and practitioners, such as facial recognition, using aerial vehicles and 3D-ID Includes case studies throughout that explain how certain advanced technologies impact investigations Fills a gap in literature with more cross-disciplinary topics that pertain to death investigations

Author : Brooke Crowley,Clement Pierre Bataille,Kate Britton,Joshua H. Miller,Matthew Wooller
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2022-02-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889744411

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A Golden Age for Strontium Isotope Research? Current Advances in Paleoecological and Archaeological Research by Brooke Crowley,Clement Pierre Bataille,Kate Britton,Joshua H. Miller,Matthew Wooller Pdf

Author : Jason Newton,Gabriele Stowasser,Rona A. R. McGill
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2023-09-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832533925

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Food webs and stable isotopes, volume II by Jason Newton,Gabriele Stowasser,Rona A. R. McGill Pdf

Author : Roberto C. Parra,Sara C. Zapico,Douglas H. Ubelaker
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 896 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2020-01-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781119481942

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Forensic Science and Humanitarian Action by Roberto C. Parra,Sara C. Zapico,Douglas H. Ubelaker Pdf

Widens traditional concepts of forensic science to include humanitarian, social, and cultural aspects Using the preservation of the dignity of the deceased as its foundation, Forensic Science and Humanitarian Action: Interacting with the Dead and the Living is a unique examination of the applications of humanitarian forensic science. Spanning two comprehensive volumes, the text is sufficiently detailed for forensic practitioners, yet accessible enough for non-specialists, and discusses both the latest technologies and real-world interactions. Arranged into five sections, this book addresses the ‘management of the dead’ across five major areas in humanitarian forensic science. Volume One presents the first three of these areas: History, Theory, Practice, and Legal Foundation; Basic Forensic Information to Trace Missing Persons; and Stable Isotopes Forensics. Topics covered include: Protection of The Missing and the Dead Under International Law Social, Cultural and Religious Factors in Humanitarian Forensic Science Posthumous Dignity and the Importance in Returning Remains of the Deceased The New Disappeared – Migration and Forensic Science Stable Isotope Analysis in Forensic Anthropology Volume Two covers two further areas of interest: DNA Analysis and the Forensic Identification Process. It concludes with a comprehensive set of case studies focused on identifying the deceased, and finding missing persons from around the globe, including: Forensic Human Identification from an Australian Perspective Skeletal Remains and Identification Processing at the FBI Migrant Deaths along the Texas/Mexico Border Humanitarian Work in Cyprus by The Committee on Missing Persons (CMP) Volcán De Fuego Eruption – Natural Disaster Response from Guatemala Drawing upon a wide range of contributions from respected academics working in the field, Forensic Science and Humanitarian Action is a unique reference for forensic practitioners, communities of humanitarian workers, human rights defenders, and government and non-governmental officials.

Author : Alicia R. Ventresca Miller,Cheryl A. Makarewicz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2017-09-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351389914

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Isotopic Investigations of Pastoralism in Prehistory by Alicia R. Ventresca Miller,Cheryl A. Makarewicz Pdf

Pastoralists were a vital economic and social force in ancient societies around the globe, transforming landscapes poorly suited for agriculture into spaces of vast productive potential while simultaneously connecting mobile and sedentary communities alike across considerable distances. Drawing from the rich archaeological records of Asia, Africa, and Europe, Isotopic Investigations of Pastoralism in Prehistory brings together the latest studies employing heavy and light stable isotopic analyses of humans and animals to investigate pastoralist diets, movement, and animal management strategies. The contributions presented in this volume highlight new methodological developments while simultaneously drawing attention to the diverse environmental factors that contribute to isotopic variation in human, plant, and animal tissues. Particular attention is paid to how pastoralist decisions regarding animal pasturing and mobility can be teased out of complex isotopic datasets, and also to the challenges in extracting information on the scales of human mobility in pastoralist landscapes. This volume will appeal to scholars in archaeology, anthropology, and ecology, as well as those with interests in animal management.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Newnes
Page : 17318 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2013-10-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080983004

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Treatise on Geochemistry by Anonim Pdf

This extensively updated new edition of the widely acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry has increased its coverage beyond the wide range of geochemical subject areas in the first edition, with five new volumes which include: the history of the atmosphere, geochemistry of mineral deposits, archaeology and anthropology, organic geochemistry and analytical geochemistry. In addition, the original Volume 1 on "Meteorites, Comets, and Planets" was expanded into two separate volumes dealing with meteorites and planets, respectively. These additions increased the number of volumes in the Treatise from 9 to 15 with the index/appendices volume remaining as the last volume (Volume 16). Each of the original volumes was scrutinized by the appropriate volume editors, with respect to necessary revisions as well as additions and deletions. As a result, 27% were republished without major changes, 66% were revised and 126 new chapters were added. In a many-faceted field such as Geochemistry, explaining and understanding how one sub-field relates to another is key. Instructors will find the complete overviews with extensive cross-referencing useful additions to their course packs and students will benefit from the contextual organization of the subject matter Six new volumes added and 66% updated from 1st edition. The Editors of this work have taken every measure to include the many suggestions received from readers and ensure comprehensiveness of coverage and added value in this 2nd edition The esteemed Board of Volume Editors and Editors-in-Chief worked cohesively to ensure a uniform and consistent approach to the content, which is an amazing accomplishment for a 15-volume work (16 volumes including index volume)!

Author : James F. Carter,Lesley A. Chesson
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2017-07-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781498741736

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Food Forensics by James F. Carter,Lesley A. Chesson Pdf

Food forensics is a multi-disciplinary science involving advanced analytical techniques, plant and animal metabolism, and sophisticated data interpretation tools. This book explains how plants, and in turn animals eating those plants, assimilate stable isotopes and trace elements from their environments. It provides extensive reviews of the use of stable isotope and trace element measurements for the authentication of major food groups and how these can be used to detect fraudsters. The book emphasises the use of correct methods for sample preparation and measurement so that data can be compared to existing datasets, with a dedicated chapter discussing interpretations.

Author : C. Margaret Scarry,Dale L. Hutchinson,Benjamin S. Arbuckle
Publisher : University Press of Florida
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2022-12-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780813070247

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Ancient Foodways by C. Margaret Scarry,Dale L. Hutchinson,Benjamin S. Arbuckle Pdf

How archaeology can shed light on past foodways and social worlds Through various case studies, Ancient Foodways illustrates how archaeologists can use bioarchaeology, zooarchaeology, archaeobotany, architecture, and other evidence to understand how food acquisition, preparation, and consumption intersect with economics, politics, and ritual. Spanning four continents and several millennia of human history, this volume is a comprehensive and contemporary survey of how archaeological data can be used to interpret past foodways and reconstruct past social worlds.  This volume is organized around four major themes: feasting and politics; sacrifice, ritual, and ancestors; diet, landscape, and health; and integrative methods. Contributors weave together multiple threads of evidence relating to plants, animals, craft production, and human health and reconnect the material remnants with behaviors, practices, and meanings. The case studies show the varied and creative ways that multiple sources of evidence can be used to shed light on past foodways.  Ancient Foodways demonstrates how environmental and cultural factors shaped past subsistence strategies and cooking practices and reveals the role food played in shaping cultural identity and exchange networks, while also examining how food production methods can lead to environmental destruction and the detrimental role of dietary constraints on human health. 

Author : Anonim
Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
Page : 563 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2013-01-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781481645669

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Issues in Analysis, Measurement, Monitoring, Imaging, and Remote Sensing Technology: 2012 Edition by Anonim Pdf

Issues in Analysis, Measurement, Monitoring, Imaging, and Remote Sensing Technology: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Chromatography. The editors have built Issues in Analysis, Measurement, Monitoring, Imaging, and Remote Sensing Technology: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Chromatography in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Analysis, Measurement, Monitoring, Imaging, and Remote Sensing Technology: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Author : Tomihiko Higuchi,Ming-Tsung Chung,Chisato Yoshikawa,Yuki Minegishi
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2024-04-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832547397

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Sharing technical knowledge to understand the distribution patterns and migration history of marine organisms by Tomihiko Higuchi,Ming-Tsung Chung,Chisato Yoshikawa,Yuki Minegishi Pdf

Author : T. Douglas Price
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2023-03-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783031257223

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Isotopic Proveniencing and Mobility by T. Douglas Price Pdf

This volume provides a state-of-the-art presentation and discussion of procedures, especially what works and what doesn’t — on isotopic proveniencing, learned over the last 30 years. The volume focuses on application, not method, to emphasize to the reader the wide range of questions that can be addressed using isotopic proveniencing. Topics covered include samples, baselines, isoscapes, and place of origin. Isotopic proveniencing has become almost standard procedure in the analysis of archaeological burials as a means of distinguishing locals from foreigners. The combination of isotopic proveniencing and DNA has moved archaeological interest in migration and mobility to the fore, but there is very little synthetic work published for either technology.The field has evolved and new procedures and guidelines have emerged that have not been widely heard and this volume seeks to rectify this. The contributors have been selected from among the leaders in the field, those with active research and hands-on experience with the technology. This volume is of relevance to archaeologists.

Author : Kurt Reynertson,Khalid Mahmood
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2015-01-13
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781466598423

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Botanicals by Kurt Reynertson,Khalid Mahmood Pdf

The international trade in plants is growing steadily as the worldwide demand for natural and botanical raw materials increases. Customers value natural products and botanicals as "green" alternatives—safer ingredients for their families which also represent an environmentally and socially responsible choice for the planet. In order to build assurance into the sourcing of natural ingredients, R&D organizations must have valid scientific matrices to authenticate the quality of those ingredients, provide traceability, and minimize risk. An assemblage of insight from expert contributors, Botanicals: Methods and Techniques for Quality & Authenticity compiles a range of methods and techniques that can be used to help guide quality and authenticity determinations. Topics include: Metabolic profiling, authentication of botanicals by morphology, and genetic methods of botanical authentication Tools for building models for the authentication of materials How multivariate statistics can play a role in determining botanical quality and authenticity Radiocarbon and stable isotope ratio analysis and emerging stable isotope tools NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy, NIR (near-infrared), and HPTLC (high-performance thin-layer chromatography) methods for analysis The use of electronic sensing instruments and applications for analysis The contributors also discuss the challenge of identifying a botanical extract or preparation on the basis of its chemical content and discuss quality issues faced by botanicals used as cosmetic ingredients. The book provides you with a range of traditional, taxonomic, and newer analytical tools to assure the quality, authenticity, and traceability of botanical raw materials for dietary supplements, cosmetics, and natural products research.