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Author : Avner Cohen
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 494 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Israel
ISBN : 9780231104838
In the first detailed account of Israel's nuclear record, Cohen forges an interpretive political history, drawing on thousands of American and Israeli once-classified documents.
Author : Peter Pry
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 139 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2019-03-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429725760
Israel's Nuclear Arsenal is a full inquiry into the likely size and sophistication of the Israeli nuclear weapons program. Among the key questions it addresses are: Did other nations—the United States, France, or West Germany, for example—assist Israel in developing its nuclear weapons capacity? What is the nature of Israel's industrial nuclear inf
Author : Michael Karpin
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2007-01-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9780743265959
"Significant change took place when President Richard Nixon and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger adopted a new strategy.
Author : Taysir N. Nashif
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 140 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015040643119
Author : Warner D. Farr
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Israel
ISBN : SRLF:AA0009146242
Abstract: "This paper is a history of the Israeli nuclear weapons program drawn from a review of unclassified sources ... Israel has most probably conducted several nuclear bomb tests. They have continued to modernize and vertically proliferate and are now one of the world's larger nuclear powers. Using 'bomb in the basement' nuclear opacity, Israel has been able to use its arsenal as a deterrent to the Arab world while not technically violating American nonproliferation requirements."
Author : Michael Karpin
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2006-03-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780743282345
THE BOMB IN THE BASEMENT tells the fascinating story of how Israel became the Middle East's only nuclear power and -- unlike Iraq and Iran -- succeeded in keeping its atomic program secret. Veteran Israeli journalist Michael Karpin explains how Israel, by far the smallest of the nuclear powers, succeeded in its ambitious effort. David Ben-Gurion saw the need for an atomic capability to offset the numerical superiority of Arab armies at war with Israel. The Israeli program relied heavily on French assistance in its early years, until President Charles de Gaulle reduced his country's cooperation. Once it was discovered, Israel's nuclear program cast a shadow over relations between Israel and the United States. The Kennedy administration opposed it, and President Lyndon Johnson approved it only tacitly. Significant change took place when President Richard Nixon and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger adopted a new strategy. An Israel that possessed nuclear capability was a more valuable asset to the West than an Israel without such an option. President Nixon ceased to press Israel to join the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and dropped U.S. surveillance of the Israeli reactor at Dimona. In exchange, Israel committed itself to maintain official ambiguity about its nuclear program. That policy remains in place nearly forty years later. Without American approval and the financial assistance and lobbying of Jews in North America, Israel could not have achieved its nuclear capability. This is a fascinating story of scientists, politicians, spies, and major international personalities who all played a part in an extraordinary undertaking that continues to shape the politics of the world's most volatile region. Today it remains to be seen whether Israel will permit Iran to build a nuclear bomb and threaten Israel's security.
Author : Yair Evron
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2014-06-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317831747
Originally published in 1994, Yair Evron opens the book with an account of the development of Israel's nuclear doctrine and the internal disagreements within the Israeli political and strategic elite over how nuclear policy should be conducted. There follows an analysis of the reactions from Arab states and of how, with the exception of Iraq, they have so far refrained from developing their own nuclear weapons.
Author : Paul Jabber
Publisher : International Institute for Strategic Studies
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : History
ISBN : STANFORD:36105035275671
Author : Seymour M. Hersh
Publisher : Random House (NY)
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0394570065
Exposes one of the most well-protected political-military secrets of the Cold War.
Author : Shlomo Aronson
Publisher : State University of New York Press
Page : 415 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2012-02-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780791495346
Based on research from an array of American, Arab, British, French, German, and Israeli sources, this book provides a nuclear history of the world's most explosive region. Most significantly, it gives an exposition of Israel's acquisition and political use, or nonuse, of nuclear weapons as a central factor of its foreign policy in the 1960-1991 period. In stressing the factor of nuclear weapons, the author highlights an often-neglected aspect of Israeli security policy. This is the first interpretation of the historical development of nuclear doctrine in the Middle East that assesses the strategic implications of opacity—Israel's use of suggestion, rather than open acknowledgment, that it possesses nuclear weapons. Aronson discusses the strategic thinking of Israel, the Arab countries, the U.S., the former Soviet Union, and other countries and connects Israeli strategies for war, peace, territories, and the political economy with the use of nuclear deterrence. The author approaches the development of Israeli doctrines on nuclear weapons and defense in general within a large matrix that includes the United States; Israeli perceptions of Arab history, culture, and psychology; and Israeli perceptions of Israel's own history, culture, and psychology. He also deals with Arab perceptions of Israel's nuclear program and with Arab and Iranian incentives to go nuclear. In addition, he discusses at length the importance of nuclear factors in the conduct of the Persian Gulf War and examines the implications of the decline of the former Soviet Union for arms control and peace in the Middle East.
Author : Avner Cohen
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 411 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2010-10-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9780231510264
Israel has made a unique contribution to the nuclear age. It has created a special "bargain" with the bomb. Israel is the only nuclear-armed state that does not acknowledge its possession of the bomb, even though its existence is a common knowledge throughout the world. It only says that it will not be the first to introduce nuclear weapons to the Middle East. The bomb is Israel's collective ineffable the nation's last great taboo. This bargain has a name: in Hebrew, it is called amimut, or opacity. By adhering to the bargain, which was born in a secret deal between Richard Nixon and Golda Meir, Israel has created a code of nuclear conduct that encompasses both governmental policy and societal behavior. The bargain has deemphasized the salience of nuclear weapons, yet it is incompatible with the norms and values of a liberal democracy. It relies on secrecy, violates the public right to know, and undermines the norm of public accountability and oversight, among other offenses. It is also incompatible with emerging international nuclear norms. Author of the critically acclaimed Israel and the Bomb, Avner Cohen offers a bold and original study of this politically explosive subject. Along with a fair appraisal of the bargain's strategic merits, Cohen critiques its undemocratic flaws. Arguing that the bargain has become increasingly anachronistic, he calls for a reform in line with domestic democratic values as well as current international nuclear norms. Most ironic, he believes Iran is imitating Israeli amimut. Cohen concludes with fresh perspectives on Iran, Israel, and the effort toward global disarmament.
Author : Honoré Marc Catudal
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Israel
ISBN : NWU:35556020207767
Author : Louis René Beres
Publisher : Free Press
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015011288050
Author : Michael I. Karpin
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Israel
ISBN : 9780743265942
"Veteran Israeli journalist Michael Karpin explains how Israel, by far the smallest of the nuclear powers, succeeded in its ambitious effort.
Author : Israel Shahak
Publisher : Pluto Press
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1997-02-20
Category : History
ISBN : 0745311512
Israel's foreign policy is perceived to be essentially a defensive one by the international community. Why then is it the only nuclear power which refuses to sign the Non-Poliferation Treaty? What are its true foreign and nuclear policies? Using the Hebrew press as his main source, veteran human rights campaigner Israel Shahak reveals Israel's strategic foreign policy as presented through its own domestic media: ie what other Israeli Jews are told. He argues that the Israeli government, with the support of the US Jewish lobby, are conducting a global policy aiming to control virtually the whole of the Middle East for their own purposes.
