José Martí

Author : Lillian Guerra
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2006-03-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9780807876381

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The Myth of José Martí by Lillian Guerra Pdf

Focusing on a period of history rocked by four armed movements, Lillian Guerra traces the origins of Cubans' struggles to determine the meaning of their identity and the character of the state, from Cuba's last war of independence in 1895 to the consolidation of U.S. neocolonial hegemony in 1921. Guerra argues that political violence and competing interpretations of the "social unity" proposed by Cuba's revolutionary patriot, Jose Marti, reveal conflicting visions of the nation--visions that differ in their ideological radicalism and in how they cast Cuba's relationship with the United States. As Guerra explains, some nationalists supported incorporating foreign investment and values, while others sought social change through the application of an authoritarian model of electoral politics; still others sought a democratic government with social and economic justice. But for all factions, the image of Marti became the principal means by which Cubans attacked, policed, and discredited one another to preserve their own vision over others'. Guerra's examination demonstrates how competing historical memories and battles for control of a weak state explain why polarity, rather than consensus on the idea of the "nation" and the character of the Cuban state, came to define Cuban politics throughout the twentieth century.

Author : Alfred J. López
Publisher : University of Texas Press
Page : 431 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2021-10-05
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9781477323779

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José Martí by Alfred J. López Pdf

José Martí (1853–1895) was the founding hero of Cuban independence. In all of modern Latin American history, arguably only the “Great Liberator” Simón Bolívar rivals Martí in stature and legacy. Beyond his accomplishments as a revolutionary and political thinker, Martí was a giant of Latin American letters, whose poetry, essays, and journalism still rank among the most important works of the region. Today he is revered by both the Castro regime and the Cuban exile community, whose shared veneration of the “apostle” of freedom has led to his virtual apotheosis as a national saint. In José Martí: A Revolutionary Life, Alfred J. López presents the definitive biography of the Cuban patriot and martyr. Writing from a nonpartisan perspective and drawing on years of research using original Cuban and U.S. sources, including materials never before used in a Martí biography, López strips away generations of mythmaking and portrays Martí as Cuba’s greatest founding father and one of Latin America’s literary and political giants, without suppressing his public missteps and personal flaws. In a lively account that engrosses like a novel, López traces the full arc of Martí’s eventful life, from his childhood and adolescence in Cuba, to his first exile and subsequent life in Spain, Mexico City, and Guatemala, through his mature revolutionary period in New York City and much-mythologized death in Cuba on the battlefield at Dos Ríos. The first major biography of Martí in over half a century and the first ever in English, José Martí is the most substantial examination of Martí’s life and work ever published.

Author : John M. Dunn
Publisher : Pineapple Press
Page : 115 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2015-02-01
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781561647354

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Jose Marti by John M. Dunn Pdf

All Cubans agree on one thing: José Martí is the "Father of Cuba." He was and remains Cubas national hero. Cubans from all walks life simply call him "The Apostle." Poet, political philosopher, statesman, novelist, journalist, translator, and firebrand revolutionary, Martí was the driving force behind the final Cuban insurrection against Spanish rule in the late nineteenth century. This young adult biography begins with Martí's origins in the mid-nineteenth century Cuba, which was then among the last of Spain's New World possessions. Next, the narrative traces his one-track mission into adulthood as a firebrand, intellectual radical who dies a martyr's death while fighting in Cuba. Martí's remarkable talents emerged in his boyhood. A revulsion against slavery in Cuba and Spains oppressive rule evoked powerful moral response in him. Havana's revolutionary circles drew him in and turned him into a radical in his early teens. Unjustly convicted, imprisoned, and exiled for treason against Spain at 17, he dedicated his life to the ousting Spanish from in Cuba. As an adult, he lived as an expatriate in four nations, honing his skills as journalist, poet, political thinker, and organizer of revolution. More than any other Cuban he motivated the Cuban émigré population, especially in Florida, to take up arms against Spain. He conducted much of the war planning, fund raising, and troop-recruiting in Florida, including cities such as Key West, Tampa, Jacksonville, and Ocala. The book relates Martí's personal story—both his strengths and weaknesses—culminating in a depiction of how at 42 he was killed in action and became a martyr. His legacy remains powerful. Today, both Castro's regime and his opponents in exile claim Martí as their own. For the past 120 years, his standard for leadership has endured. No other Cuban reaches his stature. No one probably ever will.

Author : Julio Rodriguez-Luis
Publisher : SUNY Press
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1999-06-24
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 0791442403

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Re-reading Jose Martí (1853-1895) by Julio Rodriguez-Luis Pdf

Re-evaluates Jose Marti's contribution to Latin America's literature and political evolution.

Author : Anne Fountain
Publisher : University Press of Florida
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2017-05-02
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9780813063201

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José Martí, the United States, and Race by Anne Fountain Pdf

"Essential reading for those who increasingly appreciate the enormous importance of Martí as one of the nineteenth century's most influential and most original thinkers."--John Kirk, coeditor of Redefining Cuban Foreign Policy "Fountain's wide-ranging, keen-eyed, and meticulously researched analysis covers the gamut of race relations that Martí's work probed."--Esther Allen, translator of José Martí: Selected Writings "An engaging, comprehensive, and well-balanced book on Cuba's national hero José Martí. Anne Fountain's chapters on Martí's vision of blacks are an indispensable source of information for anyone interested in the topic."--Jorge Camacho, author of José Martí: las máscaras del escritor A national hero in Cuba and a champion of independence across Latin America, José Martí produced a body of writing that has been theorized, criticized, and politicized. However, one of the most understudied aspects of his work is how his time in the United States affected what he wrote about race and his attitudes toward racial politics. In the United States Martí encountered European immigrants and the labor politics that accompanied them and became aware of the hardships experienced by Chinese workers. He read in newspapers and magazines about the oppression of Native Americans and the adversity faced by newly freed black citizens. Although he'd first witnessed the mistreatment of slaves in Cuba, it was in New York City, near the close of the century, where he penned his famous essay "My Race," declaring that there was only one race, the human race. Anne Fountain argues that it was in the United States that Martí--confronted by the forces of manifest destiny, the influence of race in politics, the legacy of slavery, and the plight and promise of the black Cuban diaspora--fully engaged with the specter of racism. Examining Martí's complete works with a focus on key portions, Fountain reveals the evolution of his thinking on the topic, indicating the significance of his sources, providing a context for his writing, and offering a structure for his works on race. Anne Fountain is professor of Spanish and Latin American studies at San José State University and the author of José Martí and U.S. Writers.

Author : E. Bejel
Publisher : Springer
Page : 163 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2016-07-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781137122650

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José Martí by E. Bejel Pdf

This book is a critical study of visual representations of José Martí The National Hero of Cuba , and the discourses of power that make it possible for Martí's images to be perceived as icons today. It argues that an observer of Martí's icons who is immersed in the Cuban national narrative experiences a retrospective reconstruction of those images by means of ideologically formed national discourses of power. Also, the obsessive reproduction of Martí's icons signals a melancholia for the loss of the martyr-hero. But instead of attempting to "forget Martí," the book concludes that the utopian impulse of his memory should serve to resist melancholia and to visualize new forms of creative re-significations of Martí and, by extension, the nation.

Author : Cintio Vitier,Daisaku Ikeda
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2013-09-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781786720030

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José Martí, Cuban Apostle by Cintio Vitier,Daisaku Ikeda Pdf

Once called 'the wellspring of the revolution' by Fidel Castro, Jose Marti (1853-1895) is revered as one of the greatest figures in the history of Cuba. Not only was he instrumental in the late nineteenth-century cause of securing Cuban independence from Spain. He is also considered one of Cuba's most brilliant writers, orators and formative intellectuals, who provided inspiration to the young Fidel, Che and their fellow revolutionaries by dedicating his whole life to the goal of national political emancipation. Jose Marti suffered persecution and early imprisonment for his convictions, and in consequence is often referred to as the 'Cuban Apostle'. In this wide-ranging discussion of Marti's life, work and influence, distinguished Cuban poet Cintio Vitier and prominent Buddhist leader Daisaku Ikeda explore their subject's understanding of non-violence; his nationalism that was also a profound openness to difference and dialogue; his spirituality; his poetical writings; and most of all his fundamental dignity, humanity and self-mastery. The book explores above all the nature of sacrifice, and the cost of relinquishing personal happiness for the sake of a great cause. The discussants examine Marti's family life, including his difficult relationships with his wife - Carmen Zayas Bazan - and his parents, who distanced themselves from his revolutionary fervour. Comparisons are drawn between Marti's ideals and Nichiren Buddhism as a source of unfailing hope and courage. As Daisaku Ikeda, follower of Nichiren, says at one point in the dialogue: 'Self-mastery is the hardest thing of all. But to have a spiritual nature worthy of the name, a person must overcome himself, a task that only a true optimist can accomplish. Marti's perspicacity is revealed in his conviction that final victory in life is assured by such optimists.' Marti, like Nichiren, had the unerring ability to turn enemies into friends. And as Cintio Vitier and Daisaku Ikeda reveal, what set Marti apart was not his thought or ideas alone but what emanated from his words and found embodiment in his actions. It was thus that a follower at the time could say of him: we don't understand him, but we are ready to die for him.

Author : S. Babbitt
Publisher : Springer
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2014-09-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781137413239

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José Martí, Ernesto “Che” Guevara, and Global Development Ethics by S. Babbitt Pdf

This book argues that the overlooked ideas of José Martí and Ernesto 'Che' Guevara explain recent politics in Latin America and the Caribbean but also, even more significantly, offer a defensible alternative direction for global development ethics.

Author : Richard Butler 1922- Gray
Publisher : Hassell Street Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2021-09-10
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1015077145

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José Martí, Cuban Patriot by Richard Butler 1922- Gray Pdf

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Author : Jos? MartÕ
Publisher : Arte Publico Press
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1997-10-01
Category : Poetry
ISBN : 1558856714

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Versos sencillos / Simple Verses by Jos? MartÕ Pdf

Poetry. SIMPLE VERSES is the first complete English translation of the classic collection VERSOS SENCILLOS, written by the Cuban poet Jose Marti (1853-1895) in the United States during his years of exile and revolutionary struggle. This great political and literary figure of the nineteenth century has been one of the most influential men in all the Americas. A spiritual autobiography, SIMPLE VERSES captures in each poem an experience, a feeling or a moment that formed the poet and the man. The poet, the soldier, the troubadour, the legislator, the searcher for truth, the enraptured and the disenchanted lover, the defender of poetry and its transformer, the genius and the man - all alternate in a modulated and musical flow like life itself, which it embodies. The translations of Manuel Tellechea, a Cuban American living in Union City, New Jersey, have been published by the University of Pittsburgh, Freedom House, Transaction Publishers, and others.

Author : Alfred J. López
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : History
ISBN : 1032319674

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A Posthumous History of José Martí by Alfred J. López Pdf

"A Posthumous History of Josâe Martâi: The Apostle and His Afterlife focuses on Martâi's posthumous legacy and his lasting influence on succeeding generations of Cubans on the island and abroad. Over 120 years after his death on a Cuban battlefield in 1895, Martâi studies have long been the contested property of opposing sides in an ongoing ideological battle. Both the Cuban nation-state, which claims Martâi as a crucial inspiration for its Marxist revolutionary government, and diasporic communities in the US who honor Martâi as a figure of hope for the Cuban nation-in-exile, insist on the centrality of his words and image for their respective visions of Cuban nationhood. The book also explores more recent scholarship that has reassessed Martâi's literary, cultural, and ideological value, allowing us to read him beyond the Havana-Miami axis toward engagement with a broader historical and geographical tableau. Martâi has thus begun to outgrow his mutually-reinforcing cults in Cuba and the diaspora, to assume his true significance as a hemispheric and global writer and thinker"--

Author : David Goodnough
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Authors, Cuban
ISBN : UTEXAS:059173011919593

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José Martí by David Goodnough Pdf

A look at the life of this great writer-turned-patriot, who traveled the world gathering support for his cause. Not satisfied with simply talking and writing about independence, Marti fought alongside the rebels he inspired, to achieve his goal of a free and independent Cuba.

Author : José Martí
Publisher : Ocean Press
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2016-08-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9781925317404

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José Martí Reader by José Martí Pdf

“[Martí] added a social agenda to the historic program of national liberation and instantly converted a movement devoted to the establishment of a new nation into a force dedicated to shaping a new society. Martí transformed rebellion into revolution. . . . Like a master weaver, Martí pulled together all the separate threads of Cuban discontent—social, economic, political, racial, historical—and wove them into a radical movement of enormous force.”—Louis A. Pérez Jr, author of José Martí in the United States “Oh Cuba! . . . the blood of Martí was not yours alone; it belonged to an entire race, to an entire continent; it belonged to the powerful youth who have lost probably the best of teachers; he belonged to the future!”—Rubén Darío This new edition of an elegant anthology features bilingual poetry, a revised translation, and several new pieces. It presents the full breadth of José Martí’s work: his political essays and writings on culture, his letters, and his poetry. Readers will discover a literary genius and an insightful political commentator on troubled US-Latin America relations.

Author : José Martí
Publisher : New York : Holmes & Meier Publishers
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : UOM:39015004804301

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José Martí, Major Poems by José Martí Pdf

Author : José Martí
Publisher : Seven Stories Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2024-08-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781644213964

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José Martí Reader by José Martí Pdf

This anthology of the writing of José Martí’s features bilingual poetry, political essays, writings on Latin American culture, and his letters. José Martí organized and unified the movement for Cuban independence and died on the battlefield. His dedication to the goal of Cuban freedom made his name a synonym for liberty throughout Latin America. This collection of the writing of José Martí’s features bilingual poetry, his political essays and writings on culture, and his letters. Readers will discover a literary genius and an insightful political commentator on the troubled relationship between the United States and Latin America. “Martí was the guide of his time but also stands as the anticipator of ours,” wrote Cuban revolutionary leader Carlos Rafael Rodríguez. Martí was an outstanding teacher, journalist, poet and revolutionary of his time, able to interweave the threads of Latin American culture and history.