Just Authority

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Just Authority?

Jonathan Jackson,Ben Bradford,Betsy Stanko
Just Authority Book PDF

Author : Jonathan Jackson,Ben Bradford,Betsy Stanko
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : History
ISBN : 9781843928485

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Just Authority? by Jonathan Jackson,Ben Bradford,Betsy Stanko Pdf

Just Authority? provides the most authoritative and comprehensive analysis thus far of the meaning, distribution and significance of trust in the police and the legitimacy of legal authorities. Drawing on psychological and sociological explanatory paradigms, Just Authority? presents a cutting-edge empirical study into public trust, police legitimacy, and people's readiness to cooperate with officers. It represents, first, the most detailed test to date of Tom Tyler's procedural justice model attempted outside the United States. Second, it uncovers the social ecology of trust and legitimacy and, third, it describes the relationships between trust, legitimacy and cooperation.This book contains many important lessons for practitioners, policy-makers and academics.

Just War

Anthony F. Lang Jr.,Cian O'Driscoll,John Williams
Just War Book PDF

Author : Anthony F. Lang Jr.,Cian O'Driscoll,John Williams
Publisher : Georgetown University Press
Page : 583 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2013-07-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781589016811

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Just War by Anthony F. Lang Jr.,Cian O'Driscoll,John Williams Pdf

The just war tradition is central to the practice of international relations, in questions of war, peace, and the conduct of war in the contemporary world, but surprisingly few scholars have questioned the authority of the tradition as a source of moral guidance for modern statecraft. Just War: Authority, Tradition, and Practice brings together many of the most important contemporary writers on just war to consider questions of authority surrounding the just war tradition. Authority is critical in two key senses. First, it is central to framing the ethical debate about the justice or injustice of war, raising questions about the universality of just war and the tradition’s relationship to religion, law, and democracy. Second, who has the legitimate authority to make just-war claims and declare and prosecute war? Such authority has traditionally been located in the sovereign state, but non-state and supra-state claims to legitimate authority have become increasingly important over the last twenty years as the just war tradition has been used to think about multilateral military operations, terrorism, guerrilla warfare, and sub-state violence. The chapters in this collection, organized around these two dimensions, offer a compelling reassessment of the authority issue’s centrality in how we can, do, and ought to think about war in contemporary global politics.

Authority

Jeff VanderMeer
Authority Book PDF

Author : Jeff VanderMeer
Publisher : Macmillan
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2014-05-06
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 9780374104108

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Authority by Jeff VanderMeer Pdf

John Rodriguez, the new head of a secret agency tasked to monitor Area X—a lush and remote terrain mysteriously sequestered from civilization—is faced with disturbing truths about himself and the agency he has sworn to serve when the secrets of Area X begin to reveal themselves. Original. 50,000 first printing.

Boundaries of Authority

A. John Simmons
Boundaries of Authority Book PDF

Author : A. John Simmons
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2016-07-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780190631574

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Boundaries of Authority by A. John Simmons Pdf

Modern states claim rights of jurisdiction and control over particular geographical areas and their associated natural resources. Boundaries of Authority explores the possible moral bases for such territorial claims by states, in the process arguing that many of these territorial claims in fact lack any moral justification. The book maintains throughout that the requirement of states' justified authority over persons has normative priority over, and as a result severely restricts, the kinds of territorial rights that states can justifiably claim, and it argues that the mere effective administration of justice within a geographical area is insufficient to ground moral authority over residents of that area. The book argues that only a theory of territorial rights that takes seriously the morality of the actual history of states' acquisitions of power over land and the land's residents can adequately explain the nature and extent of states' moral rights over particular territories. Part I of the book examines the interconnections between states' claimed rights of authority over particular sets of subject persons and states' claimed authority to control particular territories. It contains an extended critique of the dominant "Kantian functionalist" approach to such issues. Part II organizes, explains, and criticizes the full range of extant theories of states' territorial rights, arguing that a little-appreciated Lockean approach to territorial rights is in fact far better able to meet the principal desiderata for such theories. Where the first two parts of the book concern primarily states' claims to jurisdiction over territories, Part III of the book looks closely at the more property-like territorial rights that states claim - in particular, their claimed rights to control over the natural resources on and beneath their territories and their claimed rights to control and restrict movement across (including immigration over) their territorial borders.

The Authority of the Court and the Peril of Politics

Stephen Breyer
The Authority of the Court and the Peril of Politics Book PDF

Author : Stephen Breyer
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 113 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2021-09-14
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780674269361

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The Authority of the Court and the Peril of Politics by Stephen Breyer Pdf

A sitting justice reflects upon the authority of the Supreme CourtÑhow that authority was gained and how measures to restructure the Court could undermine both the Court and the constitutional system of checks and balances that depends on it. A growing chorus of officials and commentators argues that the Supreme Court has become too political. On this view the confirmation process is just an exercise in partisan agenda-setting, and the jurists are no more than Òpoliticians in robesÓÑtheir ostensibly neutral judicial philosophies mere camouflage for conservative or liberal convictions. Stephen Breyer, drawing upon his experience as a Supreme Court justice, sounds a cautionary note. Mindful of the CourtÕs history, he suggests that the judiciaryÕs hard-won authority could be marred by reforms premised on the assumption of ideological bias. Having, as Hamilton observed, Òno influence over either the sword or the purse,Ó the Court earned its authority by making decisions that have, over time, increased the publicÕs trust. If public trust is now in decline, one part of the solution is to promote better understandings of how the judiciary actually works: how judges adhere to their oaths and how they try to avoid considerations of politics and popularity. Breyer warns that political intervention could itself further erode public trust. Without the publicÕs trust, the Court would no longer be able to act as a check on the other branches of government or as a guarantor of the rule of law, risking serious harm to our constitutional system.

Authority in the Modern State (Works of Harold J. Laski)

Harold J. Laski
Authority in the Modern State Works of Harold J Laski Book PDF

Author : Harold J. Laski
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 543 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2014-10-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317586852

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Authority in the Modern State (Works of Harold J. Laski) by Harold J. Laski Pdf

As a sequel to Studies in the Problem of Sovereignty, this volume, originally published in 1919, expands Laski’s pluralist doctrine of the state, (using France as its reference) but covers rather broader ground, since its main object is to insist that the problem of sovereignty is only a special case of the problem of authority. The result is a positive, constructive analysis of politics and the theory of the state which examines the division and organisation of power, the limitations of power and the significance of freedom, the political theory of Bonald, the revival of traditionalism and the role of the Church and the Civil Service.

Mastery, Dependence, and the Ethics of Authority

Aaron Stalnaker
Mastery Dependence and the Ethics of Authority Book PDF

Author : Aaron Stalnaker
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2019-11-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780190052324

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Mastery, Dependence, and the Ethics of Authority by Aaron Stalnaker Pdf

Over the last few decades, skepticism about political and moral experts has grown into a serious social problem, undermining the functioning of liberal democratic regimes. Indeed, meritocracy-that is, government by hard working, public-spirited people with high levels of relevant expertise-has never looked so promising as an alternative to the dangers of know-nothing populism. One cultural tradition has devoted sustained attention to the idea of meritocracy, as well as to the cultivation of true expertise or mastery: Confucianism. Mastery, Dependence, and the Ethics of Authority presents a compelling analysis of expertise and authority, and examines classical Confucian conceptions of mastery, dependence, and human relationships in order to suggest new approaches to these issues in ethics and political theory. Contemporary Westerners are heirs to multiple traditions that are suspicious of authority, especially coercive political authority. We are also increasingly wary of dependence, which now often seems to signify weakness, neediness, and pathology. Analysts commonly presume that both authority and dependence threaten human autonomy, and are thus intrinsically problematic. But these judgments are mistaken. Our capacity for autonomy needs to be cultivated over time through deliberate practices of training, in which we depend on the guidance of virtuous and skilled teachers. Confucian thought provides a subtle and powerful analysis of one version of this training process, and of the social supports such an education in autonomy requires-as well as the social value of having virtuous and skilled leaders. Early Confucians also argue that human life is marked by numerous interacting forms of dependence, which are not only ineradicable, but in many ways good. On a Confucian view, it is natural, healthy, and good for people to be deeply dependent on others in a variety of ways across the full human lifespan. They teach us that individual autonomy only develops within a social matrix, structured by relationships of mutual dependence that can either help or hinder it, including a variety of authority relations.

Area X

Jeff VanderMeer
Area X Book PDF

Author : Jeff VanderMeer
Publisher : HarperCollins Publishers
Page : 608 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2015-09-15
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 1443428450

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Area X by Jeff VanderMeer Pdf

Annihilation is the first volume in Jeff VanderMeer’s Southern Reach trilogy, Authority is the second, and Acceptance is the third. Area X—a remote and lush terrain—has been cut off from the rest of the continent for decades. Nature has reclaimed the last vestiges of human civilization. The first expedition returned with reports of a pristine, Edenic landscape; all the members of the second expedition committed suicide; the third expedition died in a hail of gunfire as its members turned on one another; the members of the eleventh expedition returned as shadows of their former selves, and within months of their return, all had died of aggressive cancer. This is the twelfth expedition. Their group is made up of four women: an anthropologist; a surveyor; a psychologist, the de facto leader; and our narrator, a biologist. Their mission is to map the terrain and collect specimens; to record all their observations, scientific and otherwise, of their surroundings and of one another; and, above all, to avoid being contaminated by Area X itself. They arrive expecting the unexpected, and Area X delivers—they discover a massive topographic anomaly and life forms that surpass understanding—but it’s the surprises that came across the border with them, and the secrets the expedition members are keeping from one another, that change everything. After the disastrous twelfth expedition chronicled in Annihilation, the Southern Reach—the secret agency that monitors these expeditions—is in disarray. In Authority, John Rodriguez, aka “Control,” is the team’s newly appointed head. From a series of interrogations, a cache of hidden notes and hours of profoundly troubling video footage, the secrets of Area X begin to reveal themselves—and what they expose pushes Control to confront disturbing truths about both himself and the agency he’s promised to serve. And the consequences will spread much further than that. It is winter in Area X in Acceptance. A new team embarks across the border on a mission to find a member of a previous expedition who may have been left behind. As they press deeper into the unknown—navigating new terrain and new challenges—the threat to the outside world becomes more daunting. The mysteries of Area X may have been solved, but their consequences and implications are no less profound—or terrifying.

Democratic Authority

David Estlund
Democratic Authority Book PDF

Author : David Estlund
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2009-08-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781400831548

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Democratic Authority by David Estlund Pdf

Democracy is not naturally plausible. Why turn such important matters over to masses of people who have no expertise? Many theories of democracy answer by appealing to the intrinsic value of democratic procedure, leaving aside whether it makes good decisions. In Democratic Authority, David Estlund offers a groundbreaking alternative based on the idea that democratic authority and legitimacy must depend partly on democracy's tendency to make good decisions. Just as with verdicts in jury trials, Estlund argues, the authority and legitimacy of a political decision does not depend on the particular decision being good or correct. But the "epistemic value" of the procedure--the degree to which it can generally be accepted as tending toward a good decision--is nevertheless crucial. Yet if good decisions were all that mattered, one might wonder why those who know best shouldn't simply rule. Estlund's theory--which he calls "epistemic proceduralism"--avoids epistocracy, or the rule of those who know. He argues that while some few people probably do know best, this can be used in political justification only if their expertise is acceptable from all reasonable points of view. If we seek the best epistemic arrangement in this respect, it will be recognizably democratic--with laws and policies actually authorized by the people subject to them.

Language, Authority, and Indigenous History in the Comentarios Reales de Los Incas

Margarita Zamora
Language Authority and Indigenous History in the Comentarios Reales de Los Incas Book PDF

Author : Margarita Zamora
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 223 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1988-05-27
Category : History
ISBN : 9780521350877

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Language, Authority, and Indigenous History in the Comentarios Reales de Los Incas by Margarita Zamora Pdf

This study of the Comentarios is original both in adopting the perspective of discourse analysis and in its interdisciplinary approach.

Facing Authority

Thomas Fossen
Facing Authority Book PDF

Author : Thomas Fossen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2023-09-29
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780197645703

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Facing Authority by Thomas Fossen Pdf

"When your friends call on you to take to the streets and demand the fall of the regime, this presses a practical predicament that we all address, often implicitly, in our everyday lives: is this regime legitimate? Facing Authority investigates the ways in which this question of legitimacy can be addressed in theory and practice, in the face of disagreement and uncertainty. Instead of asking "what makes authorities legitimate?" in the abstract, it examines how the question of legitimacy manifests itself in practice. How can we distinguish whether a regime is legitimate, or merely purports to be so? And what does it mean to do this well? Facing Authority proposes that judging legitimacy is not a matter of applying moral knowledge, provided by political philosophy, but of engaging in various forms of political contestation-contestation over the representation of power (what is the nature of the regime?), collective selfhood (who am I, and who are we?), and the meaning of events (what happened here-a coup, or a revolution?). These questions constitute the heart of the question of legitimacy, but thus far they have been neglected by theorists of legitimacy. This book offers a new way of thinking about political legitimacy and practical judgment, interweaving philosophical analyses of key concepts (including representation, identity, and temporality) with concrete examples of struggles for legitimacy, from the German Autumn to the Arab Spring. The result is a pragmatist alternative to predominant moralist and realist approaches to legitimacy in political philosophy"--

The Authority Gap: Why Women Are Still Taken Less Seriously Than Men, and What We Can Do About It

Mary Ann Sieghart
The Authority Gap Why Women Are Still Taken Less Seriously Than Men and What We Can Do About It Book PDF

Author : Mary Ann Sieghart
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2022-02-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780393867763

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The Authority Gap: Why Women Are Still Taken Less Seriously Than Men, and What We Can Do About It by Mary Ann Sieghart Pdf

An incisive, intersectional look at the mother of all gender biases: a resistance to women’s authority and power. Every woman has a story of being underestimated, ignored, challenged, or patronized in the workplace. Maybe she tried to speak up in a meeting, only to be talked over by male colleagues. Or a client addressed her male subordinate instead of her. These stories remain true even for women at the top of their fields; in the U.S. Supreme Court, for example, female justices are interrupted four times more often than their male colleagues—and 96 percent of the time by men. Despite the progress we’ve made toward equality, we still fail, more often than we might realize, to take women as seriously as men. In The Authority Gap, journalist Mary Ann Sieghart provides a startling perspective on the gender bias at work in our everyday lives and reflected in the world around us, whether in pop culture, media, school classrooms, or politics. With precision and insight, Sieghart marshals a wealth of data from a variety of disciplines—including psychology, sociology, political science, and business—and talks to pioneering women like Booker Prize winner Bernardine Evaristo, renowned classicist Mary Beard, U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Janet Yellen, and Hillary Clinton. She speaks with women from a range of backgrounds to explore how gender bias intersects with race and class biases. Eye-opening and galvanizing, The Authority Gap teaches us how we as individuals, partners, parents, and coworkers can together work to narrow the gap. Sieghart exposes unconscious bias in this fresh feminist take on how to address and counteract systemic sexism in ways that benefit us all: men as well as women.

The Authority of Virtue

Tristan J. Rogers
The Authority of Virtue Book PDF

Author : Tristan J. Rogers
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2020-11-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000222647

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The Authority of Virtue by Tristan J. Rogers Pdf

This book provides a unified account of the connection between justice and the good life. It argues that the virtues of character require institutions, while good institutions enable persons to live together virtuously. Although virtue ethics and political philosophy are rich and sophisticated philosophical traditions, there has been an unfortunate divergence, in theory and practice, between the virtues of character and the virtues of institutions. This book has two primary purposes. First, it reorients political philosophy around the concept of the good life. To do so, the author addresses the problem of political authority from a virtue ethics perspective. He also considers whether a political theory oriented around the good life is compatible with Rawls’s notion of reasonable pluralism. Second, the book explains the relationship between the virtues of institutions and the virtues of character. The author shows how institutions support the development and exercise of the virtues of character, while examining specific other-regarding virtues such as justice and friendship. The Authority of Virtue will appeal to scholars and advanced students working in virtue ethics, social and political philosophy, ancient philosophy, and political theory.

Canon Revisited

Michael J. Kruger
Canon Revisited Book PDF

Author : Michael J. Kruger
Publisher : Crossway
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2012-04-30
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781433530814

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Canon Revisited by Michael J. Kruger Pdf

Given the popular-level conversations on phenomena like the Gospel of Thomas and Bart Ehrman’s Misquoting Jesus, as well as the current gap in evangelical scholarship on the origins of the New Testament, Michael Kruger’s Canon Revisited meets a significant need for an up-to-date work on canon by addressing recent developments in the field. He presents an academically rigorous yet accessible study of the New Testament canon that looks deeper than the traditional surveys of councils and creeds, mining the text itself for direction in understanding what the original authors and audiences believed the canon to be. Canon Revisited provides an evangelical introduction to the New Testament canon that can be used in seminary and college classrooms, and read by pastors and educated lay leaders alike. In contrast to the prior volumes on canon, this volume distinguishes itself by placing a substantial focus on the theology of canon as the context within which the historical evidence is evaluated and assessed. Rather than simply discussing the history of canon—rehashing the Patristic data yet again—Kruger develops a strong theological framework for affirming and authenticating the canon as authoritative. In effect, this work successfully unites both the theology and the historical development of the canon, ultimately serving as a practical defense for the authority of the New Testament books.

The Authority of International Law

Basak Çali
The Authority of International Law Book PDF

Author : Basak Çali
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2015-10-08
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780191508189

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The Authority of International Law by Basak Çali Pdf

The question of the authority of international law over domestic authorities and the duties of state officials to international law are fundamental concerns in international law theory and practice. The Authority of International Law: Obedience, Respect, and Rebuttal addresses these concerns by reviewing the present accounts of authority in international law constructing the authority of international law as imposing three different layers of duties on domestic officials: the duty to obey, the duty to respect and the duty to rebut, carefully setting out the duties owed by domestic political and legal authorities towards international law. This book provides an original account of the authority of international law, one that is not tied to prior state consent or domestic constitutional frameworks. It offers a nuance account, arguing that whether or not international law is obeyed within any given situation depends on the type of duty it imposes on the state, and that duties normative force. There is no black and white framework in which international law always trumps domestic law or vice versa. Instead, Cali presents a realistic account of when international law has absolute authority, and when it can afford a margin of appreciation to states. The Authority of International Law: Obedience, Respect, and Rebuttal contributes to existing debates on the authority of international law through considering the gap between consent-based jurisprudential theories of authority and self-interest and identity-based theories of compliance; looking at the importation of often highly demanding concepts of authority and legitimacy from standard domestic political and legal theory, to identify the shortcomings of the authority of international law; and by considering monism, dualism, and normative pluralism as theories for addressing authority competition between domestic legal orders and international law.