Key Questions In Considering A Value Added Tax For Central And Eastern European Countries

Author : Sijbren Cnossen
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 49 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1991-07-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781451960631

Get Book

Key Questions in Considering a Value-Added Tax for Central and Eastern European Countries by Sijbren Cnossen Pdf

In the course of introducing a market-oriented tax system, most Central and Eastern European countries are actively considering the merits of a value-added tax (VAT). This paper examines a wide range of social, economic, structural, and administrative issues that are pertinent to the introduction of a VAT. These issues have regard to the burden distribution of the VAT, its effect on the price level and economic growth, as well as the coverage of the tax, the definition of the base, and the choice of the rate structure. Various legal and administrative aspects are also reviewed. The paper draws on the experience with value-added taxation of the member states of the European Community (EC) and other countries that belong to the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).

Author : OECD,European Union
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1998-10-09
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264163492

Get Book

Value-Added Taxes in Central and Eastern European Countries A Comparative Survey and Evaluation by OECD,European Union Pdf

This study offers a comparative evaluation of the main features of the VAT systems between the ten countries of Central and Eastern Europue and provides a commentary on the development of the VAT systems in line with the VAT legislation of the EU.

Author : Centre for Co-operation with Non-members
Publisher : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105021474965

Get Book

Value-added Taxes in Central and Eastern European Countries by Centre for Co-operation with Non-members Pdf

This is the first study of the Value-Added Tax (VAT) systems of the ten countries of Central and Eastern Europe preparing for integration into the European Union (EU).

Author : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Publisher : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1992-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1451947100

Get Book

IMF Staff papers by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Pdf

This paper answers key questions in considering a value-added tax (VAT) for Central and Eastern European countries. The paper emphasizes that in Western countries tax policy derives from the assumption that the market achieves an optimal allocation of resources. Efficiency in resource allocation and, by extension, the neutrality advantages of the VAT cannot be attained if prices continue to be controlled by the government and enterprises continue to be subject to undue regulation and direction from the center. If a VAT is not to resemble the kind of bookkeeping exercise of the old turnover taxes, then its introduction should be preceded by a substantial degree of price liberalization and enterprise autonomy. Finally, a VAT is a “democratic tax,” in the sense that, in the main, taxpayers must comply voluntarily with the obligations imposed on them. Also, they have the right to disagree with the tax liability as ascertained by the tax office. This requires carefully crafted procedures and sustained efforts to elicit taxpayer cooperation.

Author : Mr.William Jack
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 18 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1996-07-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781451955828

Get Book

The Efficiency of VAT Implementation by Mr.William Jack Pdf

This paper presents calculations of the efficiency with which value-added taxes are collected in five transition economies in Central and Eastern Europe. Actual VAT revenues in 1994 are compared with those that would have resulted if the statutory VAT rates had been applied without any revenue leakage. The five countries fall into two broad groups, one exhibiting relatively high collection efficiency, and the other relatively low efficiency. While lack of detailed information on tax rules and consumption patterns makes definitive conclusions difficult, the impact of exemptions is shown to likely strengthen the comparative results.

Author : James M. Bickley
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1590335929

Get Book

Value Added Tax by James M. Bickley Pdf

The feasibility of levying a value-added tax (VAT) to reduce large forecast budget deficits seems to never go away. A VAT is imposed at all levels of production on the differences between firms' sales and their purchases from all other firms. A VAT is assumed to be fully shifted forward to consumers; hence, a VAT is a type of general consumption tax. The United States, does not have a broad-based, national level consumption tax and in general, relies less on consumption taxes. This book examines the concepts, issues and experiences of the value-added tax in other countries.

Author : Sijbren Cnossen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2019-07-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780192582379

Get Book

Modernizing VATs in Africa by Sijbren Cnossen Pdf

Most African countries are in dire need of more tax revenue. In 28 out of 45 countries with a value-added tax (VAT), total tax revenue as a percentage of GDP is around 15% or less, falling short of what is necessary to finance basic human and economic development. Far from being revenue-raising instruments, current African VATs are riddled with exemptions, exclusions, and zero rates on domestic goods and services that depress revenue, are highly distortionary, and greatly complicate the administration of VAT. Modernizing VATs in Africa enables policymakers, professionals, and students to analyse African tax systems to ascertain how they can be modernized. It explains the case for VAT base-broadening over rate-increasing, arguing that exemptions and zero rates mainly accrue benefits for higher-income groups. Even more persuasively, it demonstrates that the net result of fiscal systems can be equalizing if the revenue of broad-based VATs is used to finance in-kind transfers, such as healthcare and education. VAT modernization should be used to enable governments to finance development; Modernizing VATs in Africa puts a compelling case forward for how and why this can be achieved.

Author : DIANE Publishing Company
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1995-04
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0788104039

Get Book

Tax Policy by DIANE Publishing Company Pdf

Author : Frank Bönker
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2006-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1781958262

Get Book

The Political Economy of Fiscal Reform in Central-Eastern Europe by Frank Bönker Pdf

'Frank Bönker has done a masterful job. . . This is probably the best book available on this important subject. and its significance is not limited to studies of postcommunist societies. It has important theoretical implications for everyone interested in the Political Economy of Policy Reform perspective within the field of comparative political economy.' - John L. Campbell, Slavic Review

Author : Mr.Parthasarathi Shome
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1995-04-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 155775490X

Get Book

Tax Policy Handbook by Mr.Parthasarathi Shome Pdf

Edited by Parthasarathi Shome, this Handbook was written primarily for economists who are responsible for analyzing and evaluating economic policies of developing countries at an applied level, and who would benefit from a comprehensive discussion of the concepts, principles, and prevailing issues of taxation.

Author : Ian Jeffries
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2002-02-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134561513

Get Book

Eastern Europe at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century by Ian Jeffries Pdf

This volume examines Albania, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Slovakia. Analysing major political and economic events in these countries from the mid-1990s to the present, a detailed and accessible guide is provided.

Author : British Library of Political and Economic Science
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 766 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Economics
ISBN : 0415074614

Get Book

International Bibliography of Economics by British Library of Political and Economic Science Pdf

IBSS is the essential tool for librarians, university departments, research institutions and any public or private institution whose work requires access to up-to-date and comprehensive knowledge of the social sciences.

Author : Bogeti ?c, ?Zeljko,Arye L. Hillman
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1995-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821333887

Get Book

Financing Government in the Transition--Bulgaria by Bogeti ?c, ?Zeljko,Arye L. Hillman Pdf

The IFC's new Global Agriculture Series features sectoral presentations of industry trends with specific emphasis on the developing countries. The series highlights the increasing importance of developing countries in the world economy as rapidly expanding markets and as competitive production bases. The information reported underlines the strong production assets of those countries and illustrates the investment opportunities this creates. To profile the high-growth poultry industry, the first volume in this series draws on intelligence collected from various public and private sources, including IFC client companies in numerous countries. Consumption of poultry meat has been growing at an exceptional rate over the past decade, spurred by the dietary benefits of this food and an attractive price relative to other meats. Its evolution in recent years epitomizes the emergence of developing countries as global competitors in the agribusiness sector. This report estimates that annual world consumption might grow by another 15-18 million tons by the end of the decade, making poultry the most popular meat in the world. This growth should support additional investments of roughly US$2 billion during this period, including US$0.7 to $0.9 billion for growers' production facilities and US$1 to $1.2 billion for integrators' production facilities. Estimates project that much of this investment will be undertaken in developing countries. The report presents an overview of the poultry production system and the key players in the supply chain, the global poultry market and regional production patterns, the main determinants of competitive advantage in this sector, and an analysis of international trade flows. The final chapter reviews the role of public policies in changes in consumption, production, and trade. Additonal features include color photos, charts, and tables

Author : Paul Bernd Spahn,Mark Pearson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2016-07-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781349141098

Get Book

Tax Modelling for Economies in Transition by Paul Bernd Spahn,Mark Pearson Pdf

Governments need to know how much revenue their tax systems will raise, who will pay tax and what the effects on the incentives to save, work and invest will be. This book draws on the experience of tax modelling in western European economies and economies in transition to show the range of techniques involved from 'back of the envelope' calculations to sophisticated econometrics. Personal and corporate income taxes are considered, as well as the essential task of developing an appropriate database.

Author : Ian Jeffries
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 827 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2013-05-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134776900

Get Book

Economies in Transition by Ian Jeffries Pdf

This volume provides an in-depth review of major economic developments in those economies which are in some stage of transition, following the collapse of communism in the Eastern block. The book is divided into four parts: * theoretical issues in the transition from command to market economies * the events in the fifteeen independent countries of the former Soviet Union * Eastern Europe * non-European states In all, the author chronicles events from 1993 to 1995 in thirty-five countries. Economic developments are set in their political context and presented chronologically as far as possible. A Guide to the Economies in Transition carries on where Ian Jeffries' previous book left off. The work is entirely new and, as such, can be seen as a companion to the earlier title. These books are becoming known as invaluable guides, providing unique levels of reference in work of this type.