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Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2020-02-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789240001329
Author : World Health Organization,United Nations Children's Fund,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2024-06-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789240094383
Monitoring of dietary intake at national and global levels is becoming increasingly important with the changing food systems and diets. Better measurement and monitoring are needed to support governments in establishing policies and programmes to promote healthy diets and assess the effectiveness of these actions. However, there is lack of consensus on the indicators that best capture the properties of healthy diets. Recognizing the need for consensus and action, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), and the World Health Organization (WHO), have joined forces to chart a way forward via Healthy Diets Monitoring Initiative (HDMI). This is the first version of the guidance for monitoring healthy diets globally, which provides an overview of healthy diets measurement purposes, types of surveys suitable for the monitoring purpose, appropriate dietary assessment methods, relevant dietary data types and potential healthy diet metrics for national and global monitoring purposes. The guidance will be enhanced in the coming years to reflect the most up to date technical and operational recommendations, after rounds of consultations with countries and experts actively engaged in the implementation of surveys and data collection processes.
Author : Edward FRONGILLO,Jennifer COATES,Eric O VERGER,Mathilde SAVY,Yves MARTIN-PRÉVEL,Lynnette NEUFELD,Bridget HOLMES,Chika HAYASHI,Chris VOGLIANO,Kuntal SAHA,Elaine BORGHI,Francesco BRANCA
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2023-07-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789240072138
This report scientifically assesses the validity, usefulness, and fitness-for-purpose of existing healthy diet metrics for population assessment for global and national monitoring. Existing healthy diet metrics were identified and critically assessed through a set of criteria for their use as global and national monitoring indicators. After comparative evaluation, three healthy diet metrics were identified as the most suitable for global and national monitoring. The report highlights strengths and weaknesses for the existing healthy diet indicators. Some may be suitable for simple data collection tools and short data collection time while other indicators may require complex quantitative dietary information, lengthy data collection time, and might need to confirm the validity in various contexts. Some of them may only capture a limited number of the sub-constructs of the construct of healthy diets. The report underlines main knowledge gap regarding the population groups for which the metrics could be used – whether these indicators were developed for a particular demographic and/or socioeconomic groups and their ability to be used for other population groups. The report also identifies key priority areas to further explore how these indicators could be used for more population groups and settings.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2022-01-14
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789240040274
This meeting report is an outcome of the WHO-UNICEF Technical Expert Advisory Group on Nutrition Monitoring (TEAM), which was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The goal of the consultation was to promote increased communication, coordination and collaboration for the purpose of accelerating progress towards identifying or developing a parsimonious set of metrics for global monitoring of healthy diets for individuals over 2 years of age. Eighty-five participants took part in the consultation, representing a wide range of institutions and roles in the data value chain.
Author : Roger H. Twito
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 846 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Electronic
ISBN : STANFORD:36105005944983
Author : Mansourian, S., Berrahmouni, N.
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2021-08-26
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789251348000
The purpose of this report is to assess the current implementation of forest and landscape restoration (FLR) in Africa. It presents the context for FLR on the African continent, highlights major FLR initiatives, and provides an overview of FLR in Africa at the start of the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021–2030). It identifies key challenges, opportunities, actors and processes, illustrated with some case studies. Data collection was both primary (interviews) and secondary (extensive desk research). The report contributes to tracking progress on the implementation of AFR100 and other FLR initiatives in Africa on the ground. It provides a baseline for the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration and is expected to be updated at regular intervals. The report is prepared under the jointly implemented regional technical cooperation programme by FAO Regional Office for Africa (RAF) and the African Union Development Agency-NEPAD (AUDA-NEPAD) “Support to the implementation and monitoring of the African Forest Landscape Restoration Initiative (AFR100)” and in close collaboration with AFR100 Management Team members and partners. It is also responding to the recommendation of the 22nd Session of FAO African Forestry and Wildlife Commission1, held in March 2020 in South Africa. The report is structured as follows: Chapter 1 introduces the importance of Africa’s forests and tree-based landscapes and to the challenges they and their people face, as well as the relevance of restoration and the global policy context. The next chapter presents an overview of FLR and restoration more generally. The third chapter provides a more detailed overview for Africa’s subregions of the current status of forests with examples of FLR initiatives (or other relevant ones that may not have the FLR label but are in fact aligned with FLR). Chapter 4 then reviews some key success factors for FLR in Africa. Chapter 5 presents opportunities going forward and remaining challenges. The last chapter is more forward-looking and speculative, highlighting potential priorities for FLR in the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration.
Author : Claudia Cassatella,Attilia Peano
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2011-01-28
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789400703667
In recent years EU policy towards the ‘landscape’ has become better defined, whereas at the same time the notion of ‘landscape’ itself remains elusive. The need for indicators to evaluate and monitor the effects of landscape policies and plans is urgent. What is more, landscape is one of the components considered in environmental reporting, but unlike air, soil, or water, it is difficult to measure using quantitative methods. With studies on landscape indicators being as rare as they are, this volume is an attempt to fill the gap, dealing as it does with the definition and use of specific indicators for landscape assessment and monitoring. To tackle the diverse dimensions of the landscape (whose complexity is well known), the subject is approached by a multidisciplinary team of experts in landscape ecology, landscape history, landscape perception, regional planning, strategic environmental assessment and environmental impact assessment procedures, and multi-criteria assessment methods. Individual chapters include comparative assessments of studies conducted thus far in the EU, as well as detailed analyses of ecological, historical, perceptive, land-use, and economic ways of looking at landscape. As well as providing a rich source of references for researchers studying the landscape from a variety of perspectives, the book will be required reading for European officials involved at any level in planning or assessing the landscape or environment.
Author : Prabhat Rai
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2015-11-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128052778
Air pollution originating from rapid industrialization, urbanization, population growth and economic development has disturbed the urban ecosystems of ecologically sensitive regions like the Indo-Burma hot spot, and they are under severe air pollution stress with limited resources to collect data on what is happening. Air pollutants comprised of both particulate matter (PM) and gaseous pollutants may cause adverse health effects in human, affect plant life and impact the global environment by changing the atmosphere of the earth. It is now well established that urban PM may also contain magnetic particles along with other air pollutants. Biomonitoring of PM through magnetic properties, known as biomagnetic monitoring, measures the magnetic parameters of dust loaded plant leaves, giving a new opportunity to monitor. Compared to existing conventional technologies, biomagnetic monitoring is an eco-friendly technique perfect in urban areas. Biomagnetic Monitoring of Particulate Matter reviews the issues with PM and the potential of these methods to on tropical vegetation on a variety of flora which represent the biodiversity of the Indo-Burma Hot Spot. Bio-magnetic Monitoring of Particulate Matter gives a comprehensive overview of the issue of particulate pollution and monitoring Cases of magnetic biomonitoring across different environments are included to demonstrate this emerging technique as a way to measure particulate pollution Coverage includes a comparison to other techniques as well as why it works well ecological diverse developing areas which are data scarce, like the Indo-Burma Hot Spot A review of the detrimental health impacts of Particulate Matter reinforces the importance for this type of data to be available universally
Author : Anonim
Publisher : IICA
Page : 94 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2024-06-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : Lothar Mueller,Frank Eulenstein
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 680 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2019-11-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030300692
This book presents definitions, key concepts and projects in landscape research and related areas, such as landscape science and landscape ecology, addressing and characterising the international role, status, challenges, future and tools of landscape research in the globalised world of the 21st century. The book brings together views on landscapes from leading international teams and emerging authors from different scientific disciplines and regions of the globe. It describes approaches for achieving sustainability and for handling the multifunctionality of landscapes and includes international case studies demonstrating the great potential of landscape research to provide partial sustainable solutions while developing cultural landscapes and protecting semi-natural landscapes. It is intended for scientists from various disciplines as well as informed readers dealing with landscape policies, planning, evolvement, management, stewardship and conservation.
Author : Wilfried Mirschel,Vitaly V. Terleev,Karl-Otto Wenkel
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 600 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2020-03-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030374211
This book contributes to a deeper understanding of landscape and regional modelling in general, and its broad range of facets with respect to various landscape parameters. It presents model approaches for a number of ecological and socio-economic landscape indicators, and also describes spatial decision support systems (DSS), frameworks, and model-based tools, which are prerequisites for deriving sustainable decision and solution strategies for the protection of comprehensively functioning landscapes. While it mainly focuses on the latest research findings in regional modelling and DSS in Europe, it also highlights the work of scientists from Russia. The book is intended for landscape modellers, scientists from various fields of landscape research, university teaching staff, and experts in landscape planning and management, landscape conservation and landscape policy.
Author : Lothar Mueller,Viktor G. Sychev,Nikolai M. Dronin,Frank Eulenstein
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 735 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2021-06-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030674489
The book informs about agricultural landscapes, their features, functions and regulatory mechanisms. It characterizes agricultural production systems, trends of their development, and their impacts on the landscape. Agricultural landscapes are multifunctional systems, coupled with all nexus problems of the 21th century. This has led to serious discrepancies between agriculture and environment, and between urban and rural population. The mission, key topics and methods of research in order to understanding, monitoring and controlling processes in rural landscapes is being explained. Studies of international expert teams, many of them from Russia, demonstrate approaches towards both improving agricultural productivity and sustainability, and enhancing ecosystem services of agricultural landscapes. Scientists of different disciplines, decision makers, farmers and further informed people dealing with the evolvement of thriving rural landscapes are the primary audience of this book.
Author : Carlo Rega
Publisher : Springer
Page : 155 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2014-05-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783319057590
This book aims to contribute to the current debate on how to integrate rural development policies and landscape planning in rural areas. It highlights the key issues at stake and the possibilities for synergies between landscape planning and policies in light of European development policies, particularly the EU’s Rural Development Policy and the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Case studies from different rural contexts and landscapes are provided, illustrating tools and options to make the advocated integration operational. Recommendations and guidance to policy making are proposed. The case studies presented cover 1) the use of visual assessment techniques to support landscape planning in rural areas; 2) participative applications of landscape assessment techniques in peri-urban areas; 3) multi-scale approaches to landscape management in Alpine areas and 4) the application of landscape economic evaluation to foster rural development strategies.
Author : Manfred Frühauf,Georg Guggenberger,Tobias Meinel,Insa Theesfeld,Sebastian Lentz
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 522 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2019-10-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030159276
This book focuses on a representative example and one of the world’s largest steppe conversions, and provides a detailed overview of the results of the BMBF-funded research project KULUNDA. As part of the Siberian virgin land policy, the Kulunda steppe was transformed into agricultural land from 1954 to 1965. In the course of the project, a multidisciplinary research team conducted a natural, social-economic and agro-scientific cause-and-effect analysis of (agro-)ecosystem destabilisation, as well as various field trials covering tillage and crop rotation options in their socio-economic context. The ecologically and economically sound findings offer strategies for combining climate smart land utilization, ecosystem restoration and sustainable regional development, and can readily be applied to other virgin land conversion efforts. In addition, the findings on the Eurasian steppes will expand the current conversion literature, which mainly consists of the ‘Dust Bowl’ literature of the North American plains. Given its scope, the book will appeal to scientists, professionals, and students in the environmental, geo- and climate sciences.
Author : Elmira Saljnikov,Lothar Mueller,Anton Lavrishchev,Frank Eulenstein
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 789 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2021-11-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030856823
This book informs about knowledge gain in soil and land degradation to reduce or prevent it for meeting the mission of the Sustainable Developments Goals of the United Nations. Essence, extent, monitoring methods and implications for ecosystem functioning of main soil degradation types are characterized in overview chapters and case studies. Challenges, approaches and data towards identification of degradation in the frame of improving functionality, health and multiple ecosystem services of soil are demonstrated in the studies of international expert teams. The book consists of five parts, containing 5–12 single chapters each and 36 in total. Parts are explaining (I) Concepts and Indicators, (II) Soil Erosion and Compaction, (III) Soil Contamination, (IV) Soil Carbon and Fertility Monitoring and (V) Soil Survey and Mapping of Degradation The primary audience of this book are scientists of different disciplines, decision-makers, farmers and further informed people dealing with sustainable management of soil and land.
