Langmuir Probe In Theory And Practice

Author : Evgeny V. Shun'ko
Publisher : Universal-Publishers
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781599429359

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Langmuir Probe in Theory and Practice by Evgeny V. Shun'ko Pdf

From flat-panel televisions to thermonuclear fusion for energy production, plasmas currently have numerous and wide applications in sciences and industry. A diversity of plasma diagnostics is available to physicists and engineers to measure and control plasma parameters. Among them, the Langmuir probe is the most inexpensive and most popular instrument and method. The Langmuir probe is a small electrode which is submerged in plasma in order to measure the probe current-voltage characteristic. The same characteristic is processed further to derive the electron and ion concentration, the electron distribution function, and the plasma potential at the probe location. Langmuir probe diagnostics afford rapid measurements of the electron distribution function and plasma potential at a good time resolution, 10-8 seconds in a wide range of plasma densities 10+3 - 10+14 cm-3, and the electron energy from the room temperature to hundreds of electron-volts - qualities which are essential for researchers. In view of these facts, Langmuir probe diagnostics are applied very frequently to measuring plasma parameters. This book will be useful in teaching plasma diagnostics to undergraduate and graduate students in plasma physics courses. And it will also serve as a practical reference manual for physicists and engineers working in the growing area of plasma physics. The reader of this book will learn what kind of plasma parameters the Langmuir probe can measure, how to develop the probe diagnostics for specific cases, and how the probe data obtained should be processed to deduce reliable plasma parameters. In this book, the reader can find not only the basic physics information important to understanding the principles of probe operation, but also how the "real" probe disturbs plasma, and how it is possible to reconstruct undisturbed plasma parameters with available probe data.

Author : Gonzalo Munévar
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 544 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401131889

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Beyond Reason by Gonzalo Munévar Pdf

Some philosophers think that Paul Feyerabend is a clown, a great many others think that he is one of the most exciting philosophers of science of this century. For me the truth does not lie somewhere in between, for I am decidedly of the second opinion, an opinion that is becoming general around the world as this century comes to an end and history begins to cast its appraising eye upon the intellectual harvest of our era. A good example of this opinion may be found in the admiration for Feyerabend's philosophy of science expressed by Grover Maxwell in his contribution to this volume. Maxwell, recalling his own intellectual transformation, says also that it was Feyerabend who "confirmed my then incipient suspicions that most of the foundations of currently fashionable philosophy and even a great deal of the methodology to which many scientists pay enthusiastic lip service are based on simple mistake- assumptions whose absurdity becomes obvious once attention is directed at them". And lest the reader thinks, as many still do, that however sharp Feyerabend's attacks upon the philosophical establishment may have been, he does not offer a positive philosophy (a complain made by C.A. Hooker and some of the other contributors), Paul Churchland argues otherwise.

Author : C. A. Hooker
Publisher : State University of New York Press
Page : 450 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1995-03-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781438407029

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Reason, Regulation, and Realism by C. A. Hooker Pdf

This book develops a new naturalist theory of reason and scientific knowledge from a synthesis of philosophy and the new sciences of complex adaptive systems. In particular, the theory of partially self-organizing regulatory systems is now emerging as central to all the life and social sciences, and this book shows how these ideas can be used to illuminate and satisfyingly reconstruct our basic philosophical concepts and principles. Evolutionary epistemology provides a unifying subject for the book. It is taken as proposing some important commonality between cognitive biological and cognitive epistemic processes. Here, that commonality is found by embedding both in a common model of complex adaptive system dynamics. New reconstructions are offered on the theories of Jean Piaget, Karl Popper, and Nicholas Rescher which show how their ideas are more deeply illuminated from this perspective in contrast to the formal rationalist interpretations standard among philosophers and scientists.

Author : J. Leon Shohet
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 3082 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2016-12-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781351204934

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Encyclopedia of Plasma Technology - Two Volume Set by J. Leon Shohet Pdf

Technical plasmas have a wide range of industrial applications. The Encyclopedia of Plasma Technology covers all aspects of plasma technology from the fundamentals to a range of applications across a large number of industries and disciplines. Topics covered include nanotechnology, solar cell technology, biomedical and clinical applications, electronic materials, sustainability, and clean technologies. The book bridges materials science, industrial chemistry, physics, and engineering, making it a must have for researchers in industry and academia, as well as those working on application-oriented plasma technologies. Also Available Online This Taylor & Francis encyclopedia is also available through online subscription, offering a variety of extra benefits for researchers, students, and librarians, including: Citation tracking and alerts Active reference linking Saved searches and marked lists HTML and PDF format options Contact Taylor and Francis for more information or to inquire about subscription options and print/online combination packages. US: (Tel) 1.888.318.2367; (E-mail) [email protected] International: (Tel) +44 (0) 20 7017 6062; (E-mail) [email protected]

Author : Mort
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2018-05-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781351084260

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Plasma Deposited Thin Films by Mort Pdf

In Summary, the objective of this book is to present in one volume a review of the plasma deposition process and the present understanding of the most important and widely used plasma deposited thin film materials, devices and their applications.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 592 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2024-07-01
Category : Military research
ISBN : STANFORD:36105211293381

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Air Force Research Resumés by Anonim Pdf

Author : Philosophy of Science Association
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 546 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : UOM:39015048641081

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PSA by Philosophy of Science Association Pdf

Author : F. Brouillard,J. W. McGowan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 543 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2013-11-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461335450

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Physics of Ion-Ion and Electron-Ion Collisions by F. Brouillard,J. W. McGowan Pdf

Some of the earliest civilizations regarded the universe as organized around four principles, the four "elements" earth. water, air, and fire. Fire, which was the source of light and as such possessed an immaterial quality related to the spiritual world. was clearly the most impressive of these elements, although its quanti tative importance could not have been properly discerned. M- ern science has changed the names, but macroscopic matter is still divided into four states. The solid, liquid, and gaseous states are ordinary states, but the fourth state of matter, the plasma state, has retained a somewhat extraordinary character. It is now recognized that most of the matter of the universe is in the ionized state. but on the earth. the plasma state is still the exception. Hence the importance and also the difficulty of investigations dealing with ionized matter, which have been greatly furthered by the development of thermonuclear fusion research. The study of matter in the ionized state comprises a large diversity of problems belonging to many different branches of phys ics. A number of them relate to the microscopic properties of plasmas and concern the structure and the collisional behavior of atomic constituents. Although they are clearly of basic importance, their relevance to thermonuclear research was at first overlooked, at a time when most of the effort was concentrated on designing fusion devices and understanding macroscopic phenomena, mostly of an electromagnetic nature. At present.

Author : John Wesson,D. J. Campbell
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 828 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2011-10-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199592234

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Tokamaks by John Wesson,D. J. Campbell Pdf

The tokamak is the principal tool in controlled fusion research. This book acts as an introduction to the subject and a basic reference for theory, definitions, equations, and experimental results. The fourth edition has been completely revised, describing their development of tokamaks to the point of producing significant fusion power.

Author : Umran S. Inan,Marek Gołkowski
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2010-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139492249

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Principles of Plasma Physics for Engineers and Scientists by Umran S. Inan,Marek Gołkowski Pdf

This unified introduction provides the tools and techniques needed to analyze plasmas and connects plasma phenomena to other fields of study. Combining mathematical rigor with qualitative explanations, and linking theory to practice with example problems, this is a perfect textbook for senior undergraduate and graduate students taking one-semester introductory plasma physics courses. For the first time, material is presented in the context of unifying principles, illustrated using organizational charts, and structured in a successive progression from single particle motion, to kinetic theory and average values, through to collective phenomena of waves in plasma. This provides students with a stronger understanding of the topics covered, their interconnections, and when different types of plasma models are applicable. Furthermore, mathematical derivations are rigorous, yet concise, so physical understanding is not lost in lengthy mathematical treatments. Worked examples illustrate practical applications of theory and students can test their new knowledge with 90 end-of-chapter problems.

Author : Robert F. Pfaff,Joseph E. Borovsky,David T. Young
Publisher : American Geophysical Union
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 1998-02-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780875900858

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Measurement Techniques in Space Plasmas by Robert F. Pfaff,Joseph E. Borovsky,David T. Young Pdf

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 102. Space plasma measurements are conducted in a hostile, remote environment. The art and science of measurements gathered in space depend therefore on unique instrument designs and fabrication methods to an extent perhaps unprecedented in experimental physics. In-situ measurement of space plasmas constitutes an expensive, unforgiving, and highly visible form of scientific endeavor.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 728 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1977
Category : Physics
ISBN : UOM:39015011979740

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American Journal of Physics by Anonim Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 708 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1961
Category : Electronics
ISBN : NYPL:33433098392321

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Journal by Anonim Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 544 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1961
Category : Electronics
ISBN : UCSD:31822015755390

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The Journal of the British Institution of Radio Engineers by Anonim Pdf

Author : John Douglas Swift,M. J. R. Schwar
Publisher : Iliffe
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015003416818

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Electrical Probes for Plasma Diagnostics by John Douglas Swift,M. J. R. Schwar Pdf