Languages From Formal To Natural

Author : Franz Guenthner,Siegfried J. Schmidt
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789400997752

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Formal Semantics and Pragmatics for Natural Languages by Franz Guenthner,Siegfried J. Schmidt Pdf

The essays in this collection are the outgrowth of a workshop, held in June 1976, on formal approaches to the semantics and pragmatics of natural languages. They document in an astoundingly uniform way the develop ments in the formal analysis of natural languages since the late sixties. The avowed aim of the' workshop was in fact to assess the progress made in the application of formal methods to semantics, to confront different approaches to essentially the same problems on the one hand, and, on the other, to show the way in relating semantic and pragmatic explanations of linguistic phenomena. Several of these papers can in fact be regarded as attempts to close the 'semiotic circle' by bringing together the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic properties of certain constructions in an explanatory framework thereby making it more than obvious that these three components of an integrated linguistic theory cannot be as neatly separated as one would have liked to believe. In other words, not only can we not elaborate a syntactic description of (a fragment of) a language and then proceed to the semantics (as Montague pointed out already forcefully in 1968), we cannot hope to achieve an adequate integrated syntax and semantics without paying heed to the pragmatic aspects of the constructions involved. The behavior of polarity items, 'quantifiers' like any, conditionals or even logical particles like and and or in non-indicative sentences is clear-cut evidence for the need to let each component of the grammar inform the other.

Author : Orna Grumberg,Michael Kaminski,Shmuel Katz,Shuly Wintner
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2009-05-12
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783642017476

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Languages: From Formal to Natural by Orna Grumberg,Michael Kaminski,Shmuel Katz,Shuly Wintner Pdf

This Festschrift volume, published in honor of Nissim Francez on the occasion of his 65th birthday, contains 15 papers, written by friends and colleagues, many of whom congregated at a celebratory symposium held on May 2009, in Haifa, Israel.

Author : W.J. Savitch,E. Bach,W.E. Marsh,Gila Safran-Naveh
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 462 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9789400934016

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The Formal Complexity of Natural Language by W.J. Savitch,E. Bach,W.E. Marsh,Gila Safran-Naveh Pdf

Ever since Chomsky laid the framework for a mathematically formal theory of syntax, two classes of formal models have held wide appeal. The finite state model offered simplicity. At the opposite extreme numerous very powerful models, most notable transformational grammar, offered generality. As soon as this mathematical framework was laid, devastating arguments were given by Chomsky and others indicating that the finite state model was woefully inadequate for the syntax of natural language. In response, the completely general transformational grammar model was advanced as a suitable vehicle for capturing the description of natural language syntax. While transformational grammar seems likely to be adequate to the task, many researchers have advanced the argument that it is "too adequate. " A now classic result of Peters and Ritchie shows that the model of transformational grammar given in Chomsky's Aspects [IJ is powerful indeed. So powerful as to allow it to describe any recursively enumerable set. In other words it can describe the syntax of any language that is describable by any algorithmic process whatsoever. This situation led many researchers to reasses the claim that natural languages are included in the class of transformational grammar languages. The conclu sion that many reached is that the claim is void of content, since, in their view, it says little more than that natural language syntax is doable algo rithmically and, in the framework of modern linguistics, psychology or neuroscience, that is axiomatic.

Author : Laurent Cesalli,Frédéric Goubier,Alain de Libera,Manuel Gustavo Isaac
Publisher : Brepols
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Logic, Medieval
ISBN : 2503567355

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Formal Approaches and Natural Language in Medieval Logic by Laurent Cesalli,Frédéric Goubier,Alain de Libera,Manuel Gustavo Isaac Pdf

Is medieval logic formal? And if yes, in what sense? There are striking affinities between medieval and contemporary theories of language. Authors from the two periods share formal ambitions and maintain complex, and at time uneasy, relations with natural language. However, modern scholars became careful not to overlook the specificities of theories developed more than five hundred years apart, in particular with respect to their 'formal' character. In 1972, Alfonso Maieru noted that the efforts of medieval logicians to identify logical structures in language formal enough to become objects of scientific consideration. He also stressed that the language investigated is a historical one, Latin, so that one can legitimately wonder to which extent ... one is allowed to speak of 'formal logic' in the middle ages. In other words, medieval logic is characterized by a tension between 'formalist ambitions' and constraints proper to natural language. Today, our knowledge of the field has considerably expanded, calling for a new assessment of the question.

Author : Maurice Gross,Morris Halle,Marcel-Paul Schützenberger
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1973
Category : Language and languages
ISBN : OCLC:462532048

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The Formal Analysis of Natural Languages by Maurice Gross,Morris Halle,Marcel-Paul Schützenberger Pdf

Author : Edward L. Keenan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2009-05-07
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0521111110

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Formal Semantics of Natural Language by Edward L. Keenan Pdf

A volume of studies in natural language semantics which brings together work by philosophers, logicians and linguists. The main topics treated are: quantification and reference in natural language; the relations between formal logic, programming languages and natural language; pragmatics and discourse meaning; surface syntax and logical meaning. The volume derives from a colloquium organised in 1973 by the Kings College Research Centre, Cambridge and the papers have been edited for publication by Professor Keenan. It is hoped that the collection will make available some of the best work in this fast-moving field and will stimulate further progress by juxtaposing the different approaches and interests represented here.

Author : D. Davidson,Gilbert Harman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 781 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401025577

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Semantics of Natural Language by D. Davidson,Gilbert Harman Pdf

"The idea that prompted the conferenee for which many of these papers were written, and that inspired this book, is stated in the Editorial Introduction reprinted below from Volume 21 of Synthese. The present volume contains the artieles in Synthese 21, Numbers 3-4 and Synthese 22, Numbers 1-2. In addition, it ineludes new papers by Saul Kripke, James McCawley, John R. Ross, and Paul Ziff, and reprints 'Grammar and Philosophy' by P. F. Strawson. Strawson's artiele first appeared in the Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Volume 70, and is reprinted with the kind permission of the author and the Aristotelian Society. We also repeat our thanks to the Olivetti Companyand Edizione di Comunita of Milan for permission to inelude the paper by Dana Scott; it also appeared in Synthese 21. DONALO DAVIDSON GILBERT HARMAN EDITORIAL INTRODUCTION The success of linguistics in treating naturallanguages as formal syntactic systems has aroused the interest of a number of linguists in a paralleI or related development of semantics. For the most part quite independ ently, many philosophers and logicians have reeently been applying formai semantic methods to structures increasingly like naturallanguages. While differenees in training, method and vocabulary tend to veil the fact, philosophers and linguists are converging, it seerns, on a common set of interrelated probiems. Sinee philosophers and linguists are working on the same, or very similar, probiems, it would obviously be instructive to compare notes." --

Author : Gemma Bel-Enguix,M. Dolores Jiménez-López
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2011-01-18
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781443827423

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Bio-Inspired Models for Natural and Formal Languages by Gemma Bel-Enguix,M. Dolores Jiménez-López Pdf

This volume is a collection of papers written by several researchers that have in common the use of bio-inspired models to approach formal and natural languages. The main goal of the volume is to promote interdisciplinarity among linguistics, biology and computation. The area of convergence between these three disciplines is giving rise to the emergence of new scientific paradigms that will have an epistemological, social and cultural impact. The book is organized around three thematic areas. Every area relates two of the three main topics: language, computation and biology. This volume stands out from existing publications because of its interdisciplinary nature. There has been a long tradition of interchanging methods among the aforementioned three disciplines, but it is difficult to find a single volume where this interchange of methods is shown. The volume includes chapters that clearly illustrate these interdisciplinary approaches and their benefits. This book will be of value to specialists who work in linguistics, biology or computation, and have interest in using methods from other disciplines that can provide new ideas, new tools and new formalisms to approach their problems, and that can help in the improvement of their theories and models.

Author : Maurice Gross,Morris Halle,Marcel-P. Schützenberger
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2018-02-19
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110885248

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The Formal Analysis of Natural Languages by Maurice Gross,Morris Halle,Marcel-P. Schützenberger Pdf

Author : Gheorghe P?un
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 506 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9810219148

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Mathematical Aspects of Natural and Formal Languages by Gheorghe P?un Pdf

This book contains original reviews by well-known workers in the field of mathematical linguistics and formal language theory, written in honour of Professor Solomon Marcus on the occasion of his 70th birthday.Some of the papers deal with contextual grammars, a class of generative devices introduced by Marcus, motivated by descriptive linguistics. Others are devoted to grammar systems, a very modern branch of formal language theory. Automata theory and the algebraic approach to computer science are other well-represented areas. While the contributions are mathematically oriented, practical issues such as cryptography, grammatical inference and natural language processing are also discussed.

Author : Robert N. Moll,Michael A. Arbib,A.J. Kfoury
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781461395959

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An Introduction to Formal Language Theory by Robert N. Moll,Michael A. Arbib,A.J. Kfoury Pdf

The study of formal languages and of related families of automata has long been at the core of theoretical computer science. Until recently, the main reasons for this centrality were connected with the specification and analy sis of programming languages, which led naturally to the following ques tions. How might a grammar be written for such a language? How could we check whether a text were or were not a well-formed program generated by that grammar? How could we parse a program to provide the structural analysis needed by a compiler? How could we check for ambiguity to en sure that a program has a unique analysis to be passed to the computer? This focus on programming languages has now been broadened by the in creasing concern of computer scientists with designing interfaces which allow humans to communicate with computers in a natural language, at least concerning problems in some well-delimited domain of discourse. The necessary work in computational linguistics draws on studies both within linguistics (the analysis of human languages) and within artificial intelligence. The present volume is the first textbook to combine the topics of formal language theory traditionally taught in the context of program ming languages with an introduction to issues in computational linguistics. It is one of a series, The AKM Series in Theoretical Computer Science, designed to make key mathematical developments in computer science readily accessible to undergraduate and beginning graduate students.

Author : Hans Kamp,Uwe Reyle
Publisher : Springer
Page : 717 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-09-27
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9401049165

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From Discourse to Logic by Hans Kamp,Uwe Reyle Pdf

Preface This book is about semantics and logic. More specifically, it is about the semantics and logic of natural language; and, even more specifically than that, it is about a particular way of dealing with those subjects, known as Discourse Representation Theory, or DRT. DRT is an approach towards natural language semantics which, some thirteen years ago, arose out of attempts to deal with two distinct problems. The first of those was the semantic puzzle that had been brought to contempo rary attention by Geach's notorious "donkey sentences" - sentences like If Pedro owns some donkey, he beats it, in which the anaphoric connection we perceive between the indefinite noun phrase some donkey and the pronoun it may seem to conflict with the existential meaning of the word some. The second problem had to do with tense and aspect. Some languages, for instance French and the other Romance languages, have two morphologically distinct past tenses, a simple past (the French Passe Simple) and a continuous past (the French Imparfait). To articulate precisely what the difference between these tenses is has turned out to be surprisingly difficult.

Author : Gheorghe Paun
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 500 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1994-10-25
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9789814518154

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Mathematical Aspects of Natural and Formal Languages by Gheorghe Paun Pdf

This book contains original reviews by well-known workers in the field of mathematical linguistics and formal language theory, written in honour of Professor Solomon Marcus on the occasion of his 70th birthday. Some of the papers deal with contextual grammars, a class of generative devices introduced by Marcus, motivated by descriptive linguistics. Others are devoted to grammar systems, a very modern branch of formal language theory. Automata theory and the algebraic approach to computer science are other well-represented areas. While the contributions are mathematically oriented, practical issues such as cryptography, grammatical inference and natural language processing are also discussed. Contents:Substitutions on Words and LanguagesApplications to Cryptography (A Atanasiu)Grammar Systems: A Multi-Agent Framework for Natural Language Generation (E Csuhaj-Varjú)Normal Forms for Contextual Grammars (A Ehrenfeucht et al.)Control Mechanisms on #-Context-Free Array Grammars (R Freund)On Transitive Cofinal Automata (M Ito & M Katsura)Algebraic Foundations for Montague Grammars (H Jürgensen & K Tent)A Periodic Languages and Generalizations (J Kari & G Thierrin)Matrix Grammars Versus Parallel Communicating Grammar Systems (V Mihalache)Reducts Versus Reducing Operators (M Novotný)On Conditional Grammars and Conditional Petri Nets (F-L Tiplea)and other papers Readership: Computer scientists. keywords:Algebra;Array Grammar;Automaton;Chomsky Grammar;Combinatorics on Words;Cryptography;Grammar System;Marcus Grammar;Mereology;Montague Grammar;Natural Language;Petri Net

Author : M. Bar-Hillel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789401017138

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Pragmatics of Natural Languages by M. Bar-Hillel Pdf

In June 22-27,1970, an International Working Symposium on Pragmatics of Natural Languages took place in Jerusalem under the auspices of The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities and the Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science.! Some thirty philosophers, logicians, linguists, and psychologists from Israel, U.S.A., West-Germany, England, Belgium, France, Scotland, and Denmark met in seven formal and a number of informal sessions in order to discuss some ofthe problems around the use and acquisition oflanguage which in the eyes of an increasing number of scholars have been left under treated in the recent upsurge ofinterest in theoretical linguistics and philos ophy of language. More specifically, during the formal sessions the following topics were discussed: The validity of the syntactics-seman tics-pragmatics trichotomy The present state of the competence-performance issue Logic and linguistics The New Rhetoric Speech acts Language acquisition. The participants in the Symposium distributed among themselves re prints and preprints of relevant material, partly in advance of the meeting, partly at its beginning. Each session was introduced by one or two modera tors, and summaries of each day's proceedings were prepared and distri buted the next day. The participants were invited to submit papers after the symposium, written under its impact. The eleven essays published here are the result.

Author : Michael Rosner,Roderick Johnson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1992-10-30
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0521429889

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Computational Linguistics and Formal Semantics by Michael Rosner,Roderick Johnson Pdf

This 1992 collection explores the syntax/semantics interface, introducing the disciplines of computational linguistics and formal semantics.