Learning To Solve Complex Scientific Problems

Author : David H. Jonassen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2017-09-25
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781351560597

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Learning to Solve Complex Scientific Problems by David H. Jonassen Pdf

Problem solving is implicit in the very nature of all science, and virtually all scientists are hired, retained, and rewarded for solving problems. Although the need for skilled problem solvers has never been greater, there is a growing disconnect between the need for problem solvers and the educational capacity to prepare them. Learning to Solve Complex Scientific Problems is an immensely useful read offering the insights of cognitive scientists, engineers and science educators who explain methods for helping students solve the complexities of everyday, scientific problems. Important features of this volume include discussions on: *how problems are represented by the problem solvers and how perception, attention, memory, and various forms of reasoning impact the management of information and the search for solutions; *how academics have applied lessons from cognitive science to better prepare students to solve complex scientific problems; *gender issues in science and engineering classrooms; and *questions to guide future problem-solving research. The innovative methods explored in this practical volume will be of significant value to science and engineering educators and researchers, as well as to instructional designers.

Author : Wolfgang Schoppek,Joachim Funke,Magda Osman,Annette Kluge
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2018-09-28
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889455737

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Complex Problem Solving Beyond the Psychometric Approach by Wolfgang Schoppek,Joachim Funke,Magda Osman,Annette Kluge Pdf

Complex problem solving (CPS) and related topics such as dynamic decision-making (DDM) and complex dynamic control (CDC) represent multifaceted psychological phenomena. In abroad sense, CPS encompasses learning, decision-making, and acting in complex and dynamic situations. Moreover, solutions to problems that people face in such situations are often generated in teams or groups. This adds another layer of complexity to the situation itself because of the emerging issues that arise from the social dynamics of group interactions. This framing of CPS means that it is not a single construct that can be measured by using a particular type of CPS task (e.g. minimal complex system tests), which is a view taken by the psychometric community. The proposed approach taken here is that because CPS is multifaceted, multiple approaches need to be taken to fully capture and understand what it is and how the different cognitive processes associated with it complement each other.Thus, this Research Topic is aimed at showcasing the latest work in the fields of CPS, as well as DDM and CDC that takes a holist approach to investigating and theorizing about these abilities. The collection of articles encompasses conceptual approaches as well as experimental and correlational studies involving established or new tools to examine CPS, DDM and CDC. This work contributes to answering questions about what strategies and what general knowledge can be transferred from one type of complex and dynamic situation to another, what learning conditions result in transferable knowledge and skills, and how these features can be trained.

Author : Peter A. Frensch,Joachim Funke
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2014-04-04
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317781394

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Complex Problem Solving by Peter A. Frensch,Joachim Funke Pdf

This volume presents a state-of-the-science review of the most promising current European research -- and its historic roots of research -- on complex problem solving (CPS) in Europe. It is an attempt to close the knowledge gap among American scholars regarding the European approach to understanding CPS. Although most of the American researchers are well aware of the fact that CPS has been a very active research area in Europe for quite some time, they do not know any specifics about even the most important research. Part of the reason for this lack of knowledge is undoubtedly the fact that European researchers -- for the most part -- have been rather reluctant to publish their work in English-language journals. The book concentrates on European research because the basic approach European scholars have taken to studying CPS is very different from one taken by North American researchers. Traditionally, American scholars have been studying CPS in "natural" domains -- physics, reading, writing, and chess playing -- concentrating primarily on exploring novice-expert differences and the acquisition of a complex skill. European scholars, in contrast, have been primarily concerned with problem solving behavior in artificially generated, mostly computerized, complex systems. While the American approach has the advantage of high external validity, the European approach has the advantage of system variables that can be systematically manipulated to reveal the effects of system parameters on CPS behavior. The two approaches are thus best viewed as complementing each other. This volume contains contributions from four European countries -- Sweden, Switzerland, Great Britain, and Germany. As such, it accurately represents the bulk of empirical research on CPS which has been conducted in Europe. An international cooperation started two years ago with the goal of bringing the European research on complex problem solving to the awareness of American scholars. A direct result of that effort, the contributions to this book are both informative and comprehensive.

Author : Andrew Walker,Heather Leary,Cindy Hmelo-Silver
Publisher : Purdue University Press
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2015-01-15
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781612493688

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Essential Readings in Problem-Based Learning by Andrew Walker,Heather Leary,Cindy Hmelo-Silver Pdf

Like most good educational interventions, problem-based learning (PBL) did not grow out of theory, but out of a practical problem. Medical students were bored, dropping out, and unable to apply what they had learned in lectures to their practical experiences a couple of years later. Neurologist Howard S. Barrows reversed the sequence, presenting students with patient problems to solve in small groups and requiring them to seek relevant knowledge in an effort to solve those problems. Out of his work, PBL was born. The application of PBL approaches has now spread far beyond medical education. Today, PBL is used at levels from elementary school to adult education, in disciplines ranging across the humanities and sciences, and in both academic and corporate settings. This book aims to take stock of developments in the field and to bridge the gap between practice and the theoretical tradition, originated by Barrows, that underlies PBL techniques.

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Science Education,Committee on the Status, Contributions, and Future Directions of Discipline-Based Education Research
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2012-08-27
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780309254144

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Discipline-Based Education Research by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Science Education,Committee on the Status, Contributions, and Future Directions of Discipline-Based Education Research Pdf

The National Science Foundation funded a synthesis study on the status, contributions, and future direction of discipline-based education research (DBER) in physics, biological sciences, geosciences, and chemistry. DBER combines knowledge of teaching and learning with deep knowledge of discipline-specific science content. It describes the discipline-specific difficulties learners face and the specialized intellectual and instructional resources that can facilitate student understanding. Discipline-Based Education Research is based on a 30-month study built on two workshops held in 2008 to explore evidence on promising practices in undergraduate science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. This book asks questions that are essential to advancing DBER and broadening its impact on undergraduate science teaching and learning. The book provides empirical research on undergraduate teaching and learning in the sciences, explores the extent to which this research currently influences undergraduate instruction, and identifies the intellectual and material resources required to further develop DBER. Discipline-Based Education Research provides guidance for future DBER research. In addition, the findings and recommendations of this report may invite, if not assist, post-secondary institutions to increase interest and research activity in DBER and improve its quality and usefulness across all natural science disciples, as well as guide instruction and assessment across natural science courses to improve student learning. The book brings greater focus to issues of student attrition in the natural sciences that are related to the quality of instruction. Discipline-Based Education Research will be of interest to educators, policy makers, researchers, scholars, decision makers in universities, government agencies, curriculum developers, research sponsors, and education advocacy groups.

Author : Arnaud Chevallier
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2016-07-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780190463922

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Strategic Thinking in Complex Problem Solving by Arnaud Chevallier Pdf

Whether you are a student or a working professional, you can benefit from being better at solving the complex problems that come up in your life. Strategic Thinking in Complex Problem Solving provides a general framework and the necessary tools to help you do so. Based on his groundbreaking course at Rice University, engineer and former strategy consultant Arnaud Chevallier provides practical ways to develop problem solving skills, such as investigating complex questions with issue maps, using logic to promote creativity, leveraging analogical thinking to approach unfamiliar problems, and managing diverse groups to foster innovation. This book breaks down the resolution process into four steps: 1) frame the problem (identifying what needs to be done), 2) diagnose it (identifying why there is a problem, or why it hasn't been solved yet), 3) identify and select potential solutions (identifying how to solve the problem), and 4) implement and monitor the solution (resolving the problem, the 'do'). For each of these four steps - the what, why, how, and do - this book explains techniques that promotes success and demonstrates how to apply them on a case study and in additional examples. The featured case study guides you through the resolution process, illustrates how these concepts apply, and creates a concrete image to facilitate recollection. Strategic Thinking in Complex Problem Solving is a tool kit that integrates knowledge based on both theoretical and empirical evidence from many disciplines, and explains it in accessible terms. As the book guides you through the various stages of solving complex problems, it also provides useful templates so that you can easily apply these approaches to your own personal projects. With this book, you don't just learn about problem solving, but how to actually do it.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 618 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Dissertations, Academic
ISBN : STANFORD:36105131550365

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Dissertation Abstracts International by Anonim Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Key Challenge Areas for Convergence and Health
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2014-06-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309301640

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Convergence by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Key Challenge Areas for Convergence and Health Pdf

Convergence of the life sciences with fields including physical, chemical, mathematical, computational, engineering, and social sciences is a key strategy to tackle complex challenges and achieve new and innovative solutions. However, institutions face a lack of guidance on how to establish effective programs, what challenges they are likely to encounter, and what strategies other organizations have used to address the issues that arise. This advice is needed to harness the excitement generated by the concept of convergence and channel it into the policies, structures, and networks that will enable it to realize its goals. Convergence investigates examples of organizations that have established mechanisms to support convergent research. This report discusses details of current programs, how organizations have chosen to measure success, and what has worked and not worked in varied settings. The report summarizes the lessons learned and provides organizations with strategies to tackle practical needs and implementation challenges in areas such as infrastructure, student education and training, faculty advancement, and inter-institutional partnerships.

Author : Xun Ge,Dirk Ifenthaler,J. Michael Spector
Publisher : Springer
Page : 411 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2015-09-09
Category : Education
ISBN : 9783319025735

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Emerging Technologies for STEAM Education by Xun Ge,Dirk Ifenthaler,J. Michael Spector Pdf

This theory-to-practice guide offers leading-edge ideas for wide-scale curriculum reform in sciences, technology, engineering, the arts, and mathematics--the STEAM subjects. Chapters emphasize the critical importance of current and emerging digital technologies in bringing STEM education up to speed and implementing changes to curricula at the classroom level. Of particular interest are the diverse ways of integrating the liberal arts into STEM course content in mutually reshaping humanities education and scientific education. This framework and its many instructive examples are geared to ensure that both educators and students can become innovative thinkers and effective problem-solvers in a knowledge-based society. Included in the coverage: Reconceptualizing a college science learning experience in the new digital era. Using mobile devices to support formal, informal, and semi-formal learning. Change of attitudes, self-concept, and team dynamics in engineering education. The language arts as foundational for science, technology, engineering, art, and mathematics. Can K-12 math teachers train students to make valid logical reasoning? Moving forward with STEAM education research. Emerging Technologies for STEAM Education equips educators, education researchers, administrators, and education policymakers with curricular and pedagogical strategies for making STEAM education the bedrock of accessible, relevant learning in keeping with today's digital advances.

Author : Janice Lee Steen-Eibensteiner
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 574 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Electronic
ISBN : MINN:31951P010082087

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Conceptual and Procedural Knowledge Community College Students Use when Solving a Complex Science Problem by Janice Lee Steen-Eibensteiner Pdf

Author : Robert J. Sternberg,Peter A. Frensch
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Education
ISBN : UOM:49015001483305

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Complex Problem Solving by Robert J. Sternberg,Peter A. Frensch Pdf

First Published in 1991. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Author : Yaneer Bar-Yam
Publisher : Knowledge Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Science
ISBN : 0965632822

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Making Things Work by Yaneer Bar-Yam Pdf

The science of complexity has revolutionized our understanding of everything from the brain to the economy to the weather. This book shows how it can change the way we approach our most persistent social problems. It introduces key concepts like emergence, self-organization and networks, and uses them to propose novel solutions to problems that affect us all. Suitable for anyone struggling to cope with complex challenges. Written by Yaneer Bar-Yam the leading expert in the use of complexity science in solving real world problems in healthcare, education, military, engineering, ethnic violence and terrorism.

Author : David H. Jonassen
Publisher : Prentice Hall
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Education
ISBN : UOM:39015056269403

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Learning to Solve Problems with Technology by David H. Jonassen Pdf

Rather than focus on technology as a tool toteach with, this book stresses that technology-video, hypermedia, the Internet, etc.-is an excellent tool tolearn with. The emphasis is on learning to solve problems. By concentrating on problem solving with several specific media, the authors show how a variety of technologies can be used to engage students in personally and socially constructed meaning. They address the Internet, and how it can be used to foster community building; video, and how naturally students take to being behind the camera; and multimedia, as a new form of interactive literacy. The Internet material also includes a section on creating a personal or group website, plus coverage of cybermentoring. For teachers in computer classes and media centers-of students at all grade levels.

Author : Alexander Morgan
Publisher : SIAM
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2009-01-01
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780898719031

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Solving Polynomial Systems Using Continuation for Engineering and Scientific Problems by Alexander Morgan Pdf

This book introduces the numerical technique of polynomial continuation, which is used to compute solutions to systems of polynomial equations. Originally published in 1987, it remains a useful starting point for the reader interested in learning how to solve practical problems without advanced mathematics. Solving Polynomial Systems Using Continuation for Engineering and Scientific Problems is easy to understand, requiring only a knowledge of undergraduate-level calculus and simple computer programming. The book is also practical; it includes descriptions of various industrial-strength engineering applications and offers Fortran code for polynomial solvers on an associated Web page. It provides a resource for high-school and undergraduate mathematics projects. Audience: accessible to readers with limited mathematical backgrounds. It is appropriate for undergraduate mechanical engineering courses in which robotics and mechanisms applications are studied.

Author : Rick Nason
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2017-05-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781487514785

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It's Not Complicated by Rick Nason Pdf

In the new knowledge economy, traditional modes of thinking are no longer effective. Compartmentalizing problems and solutions and assuming everything can be solved with the right formula can no longer keep pace with the radical changes occurring daily in the modern business world. It’s Not Complicated offers a paradigm shift for business professionals looking for simplified solutions to complex problems. In his straightforward and highly engaging style, Rick Nason introduces the principles of “complexity thinking” which empower managers to understand, correlate, and explain a diverse range of business phenomena. For example, why some new products go viral while others remain unnoticed, how office cliques develop despite collaborative work policies and spaces, how economic bubbles form, and how an unknown retiree foiled one of the most carefully planned product launches ever with a single letter to the editor of his local newspaper. Rather than consider complicated and complex as interchangeable terms, Rick Nason explains what complexity is, how it arises, and the errors in solving complex situations with complicated thinking. It’s Not Complicated provides managers with fresh, counterintuitive, and actionable models for dealing with challenging business problems.