Legume Nitrogen Fixation In A Changing Environment

Author : Saad Sulieman,Lam-Son Phan Tran
Publisher : Springer
Page : 133 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2015-04-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319062129

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Legume Nitrogen Fixation in a Changing Environment by Saad Sulieman,Lam-Son Phan Tran Pdf

The world population will grow more rapidly during the few coming years. This must be accompanied by a parallel increase in the agricultural production to secure adequate food. Sustainability considerations mandate that alternatives to chemical nitrogen fertilizers must be urgently sought. Biological nitrogen (N2) fixation, a microbiological process which converts atmospheric N2 into a plant-usable form, offers this alternative. Among these renewable sources, N2-fixing legumes offer an economically attractive and ecologically sound means of reducing external inputs and improving internal resources. Environmental factors such as drought, elevated temperature, salinity, soil acidity and rising CO2 are known to dramatically affect the symbiotic process and thus play a part in determining the actual amount of nitrogen fixed by a given legume in the field. Understanding how nodule N2 fixation responds to the environment is crucial for improving legume production and maintaining sustainability in the context of global change. In this thoughtful and provocative new Brief, we provide critical information on how current and projected future changes in the environment will affect legume growth and their symbiotic N2 fixing capabilities. Each section reviews the main drivers of environmental change on the legume performance that include drought, elevated temperature, salinity and rising CO2, and soil acidity. Importantly we discuss the molecular approaches to the analysis of the stress response in legumes and the possible biotechnological strategies to overcome their detrimental effects.

Author : Shyam Singh Yadav,David L. McNeil,Robert Redden,Sharanagouda A. Patil
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2010-06-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789048137091

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Climate Change and Management of Cool Season Grain Legume Crops by Shyam Singh Yadav,David L. McNeil,Robert Redden,Sharanagouda A. Patil Pdf

This book covers all aspect of legume production management technologies, plant ecological response, nutrients management, biological nitrogen fixation, molecular approaches, potential cultivars, biodiversity management under climate change. Also covered are various aspects of legume management under climate change such as, production management technology, ecology & adaptation, diseases, and international trade; physiology and crops response to nutrients, drought, salinity, and water use efficiency; Biodiversity management, molecular approaches and biological Nitrogen fixation; climate change and strategies. This book presents the most comprehensive and up to date review of research on different cool season grain legume crops, nutrients management, biotic and abiotic stresses management, agronomical approaches for drought management, salinity, drought, weed management and water use efficiency, impact on international trade around the world.

Author : P. S. Nutman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 648 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1976-02-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521206456

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Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Plants by P. S. Nutman Pdf

Genetical aspects and taxonomy; Quality of legume inoculants; Field experiments on nitrogen fixation by nodulated legumes; Legume nitrogen fixation and the environment; Nitrogen fixing symbioses in non-leguminous plants.

Author : Saad Sulieman,Lam-Son Phan Tran
Publisher : Springer
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2017-06-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319557298

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Legume Nitrogen Fixation in Soils with Low Phosphorus Availability by Saad Sulieman,Lam-Son Phan Tran Pdf

This thoughtful and provocative book provides a concise, up-to-date presentation of how current and projected future phosphorus scarcity will affect legume growth and their symbiotic nitrogen-fixing capabilities. It is a timely examination of the physiological and molecular responses of nodules to phosphorous deficiency in attempt to identify common principles. Students and researchers in the many disciplines related to crop productivity will find this title an exciting contribution in the area of plant stress physiology. The knowledge in this volume can also aid plant breeders, particularly through new methods of genetic engineering, in developing unique and adaptive cultivars with higher symbiotic efficiency. The awareness of the rapidly rising world population must translate into a parallel increase in agricultural production in order to sustain the growing population both now and in the future. Hence, the demand for food crops to produce proteins and vegetable oil for human consumption is going to increase considerably during the coming years. The essential role of legumes in agriculture is well-recognized, given the abundant levels of proteins and oils found in plants along with their enormous contribution to the sustainability of agricultural systems and human health. The capacity of legumes to fix nitrogen (N2) in partnership with rhizobia provides an input-saving and resource-conserving alternative, thereby reducing the need for chemical fertilizers while enhancing overall crop productivity. The use of N2-fixing legumes to produce plant proteins results in a substantial decrease in the consumption of fossil fuels and therefore also in the agricultural effects to global warming. However, a major constraint to legume production is low soil phosphorus (P) availability, considering that an overwhelming majority of the world’s soils are classified as P-deficient. Low-P availability is especially problematic for legumes, since legume nodules responsible for N2 fixation have a high P requirement. Therefore, this book explains how nodule N2 fixation responds to low P availability, which is crucial for improving legume production and maintaining agricultural sustainability in the context of the global P crisis.

Author : Takuji Ohyama
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2014-01-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789535112167

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Advances in Biology and Ecology of Nitrogen Fixation by Takuji Ohyama Pdf

Biological nitrogen fixation has essential role in N cycle in global ecosystem. Several types of nitrogen fixing bacteria are recognized: the free-living bacteria in soil or water; symbiotic bacteria making root nodules in legumes or non-legumes; associative nitrogen fixing bacteria that resides outside the plant roots and provides fixed nitrogen to the plants; endophytic nitrogen fixing bacteria living in the roots, stems and leaves of plants. In this book there are 11 chapters related to biological nitrogen fixation, regulation of legume-rhizobium symbiosis, and agriculture and ecology of biological nitrogen fixation, including new models for autoregulation of nodulation in legumes, endophytic nitrogen fixation in sugarcane or forest trees, etc. Hopefully, this book will contribute to biological, ecological, and agricultural sciences.

Author : Dietrich Werner,William E. Newton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2006-01-20
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781402035449

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Nitrogen Fixation in Agriculture, Forestry, Ecology, and the Environment by Dietrich Werner,William E. Newton Pdf

Sustainability has a major part to play in the global challenge of continued development of regions, countries, and continents all around the World and biological nitrogen fixation has a key role in this process. This volume begins with chapters specifically addressing crops of major global importance, such as soybeans, rice, and sugar cane. It continues with a second important focus, agroforestry, and describes the use and promise of both legume trees with their rhizobial symbionts and other nitrogen-fixing trees with their actinorhizal colonization. An over-arching theme of all chapters is the interaction of the plants and trees with microbes and this theme allows other aspects of soil microbiology, such as interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the impact of soil-stress factors on biological nitrogen fixation, to be addressed. Furthermore, a link to basic science occurs through the inclusion of chapters describing the biogeochemically important nitrogen cycle and its key relationships among nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification. The volume then provides an up-to-date view of the production of microbial inocula, especially those for legume crops.

Author : David W. Emerich,Hari B. Krishnan,American Society of Agronomy,Crop Science Society of America,Soil Science Society of America
Publisher : ASA-CSSA-SSSA
Page : 446 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0891181709

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Nitrogen Fixation in Crop Production by David W. Emerich,Hari B. Krishnan,American Society of Agronomy,Crop Science Society of America,Soil Science Society of America Pdf

This book presents the science, application, and politics of the use of nitrogen-fixing crop plants across the globe in various environments. Nitrogen fixation can help provide a growing population with a nutritious, environmentally friendly, sustainable food supply. From new "omics" approaches to the role of nitrogen fixation in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, from farming strategies in nonindustrialized nations to nitrogen fixation in the global economy, scientists will find the key issues and expanding research areas, and how they contribute to the next wave of advancements related to agriculture and the environment

Author : Alexander P. Hansen
Publisher : Balogh Scientific Books
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Science
ISBN : WISC:89052242492

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Symbiotic N2 Fixation of Crop Legumes by Alexander P. Hansen Pdf

Atmospheric N2. Non-Biological forms of N2 fixation. Biological forms of N2 fixation. N2 fixation in natural ecosystems. N2 fixation in forestry and recultivation.Fixation in agriculture. N2 fixation the leguminosae. The Microsymbiont. Nodulation. Different forms of nodules. Metabolism of N2 fixation. Influence of the environment. Assessment techniques for N2 fixation. Direct methods. Indirect methods. Supernodulating legumes. General characteristcs. symbiotic performance and the effect of nitrate. Carbon and nitrogen metabolism. Means to improve N2 fixation. Current approaches. Potential for future benefits.

Author : Yi-Ping Wang,Min Lin,Zhe-Xian Tian,Claudine Elmerich,William E. Newton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 431 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2006-01-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781402035708

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Biological Nitrogen Fixation, Sustainable Agriculture and the Environment by Yi-Ping Wang,Min Lin,Zhe-Xian Tian,Claudine Elmerich,William E. Newton Pdf

The 14th International Nitrogen Fixation Congress was held in Beijing, China from October 27th through November 1st, 2004. This volume constitutes the proceedings of the Congress and represents a compilation of the presentations by scientists from more than 30 countries around the World who came to Beijing to discuss the progress made since the last Congress and to exchange ideas and information. This year marked the 30th anniversary of the first Congress held in Pullman, Washington, USA, in 1974. Since then, this series of Congresses has met five times in North America (three in the United States and once each in Canada and Mexico), once in South America (Brazil), four times in Western Europe (once each in Spain, The Netherlands, Germany and France), once in Eastern Europe (Russia), and once in Australia; and now for the first time in Asia. China was a most appropriate choice because China is a big country with the largest population in the World, about 1. 3 billion people, which is about 22% of the World’s population. It is traditionally an agricultural country, even though China has only 7% of the available farming land. This situation explains why agriculture and its productivity are major issues for the Chinese people, its government and the scientists in the field.

Author : K. E. Giller
Publisher : CABI
Page : 443 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781845933043

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Nitrogen Fixation in Tropical Cropping Systems by K. E. Giller Pdf

Nitrogen fixation by leguminous plants is especially important when farmers are trying to minimise fertilizer use for cost or environmental reasons. This second edition of the highly successful book, first published in 1991, contains thoroughly updated and revised material on the theory and practice of nitrogen fixation in tropical cropping systems.

Author : Brian Dahlen Thomas
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Electronic
ISBN : STANFORD:36105026293287

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Legumes and Nitrogen Fixation in an Annual Grassland : Responses to Herbivory and Climate Change by Brian Dahlen Thomas Pdf

Author : Mohammad Zabed Hossain,Hossain Md Anawar,Doongar R. Chaudhary
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2023-05-23
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781000866568

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Climate Change and Legumes by Mohammad Zabed Hossain,Hossain Md Anawar,Doongar R. Chaudhary Pdf

Global climate change has created unprecedented challenges for human civilization due to its widespread adverse consequences, including a reduction in crop yield and threatening food security across the globe. Among the crop plants, legumes have great potential for ameliorating global warming since they can reduce carbon emissions by lowering reliance on the application of chemical fertilizers, by increasing nitrification and carbon sequestration in soil, and by providing protein-rich diets to both humans and livestock. This book identifies the extent of climate-induced stresses on legume plants and focuses on achieving food security through sustainable agricultural practices. This book compiles recent research findings and reviews on climate-related problems, the potential of legumes in ameliorating the impacts of climate change, as well as better management of agricultural land and practices for achieving environmental sustainability and food security. This book will serve as guidelines for scientists, agricultural practitioners, and policymakers working to achieve food security and better management of climate-induced stresses in agricultural interventions. It will also be useful as a reference book for researchers and students of both graduate and postgraduate levels. Furthermore, this book will provide enhanced knowledge about the mechanisms of yield and stress tolerance of legumes as well as developing climate-smart crops and improving cropping systems for a sustainable environment and food security. Features of the book Reviews trends of global climate change and its consequences for food security across the continents Identifies the challenges and scopes of cultivating legumes in achieving food security in the context of global climate change Focuses on the improvements of legume production through conservation approaches in agricultural practices and modern techniques, including omics-based breeding, biotechnology, genetic engineering, and rhizobium technology Discusses the sustainable amelioration options for soils affected by climate-induced stresses Cites examples of applications of rhizobium technologies in reducing greenhouse gas emission Describes pathways associated with yield, resistance, and tolerance of legumes to climate-induced stresses

Author : Michael J. Dilworth,Euan K. James,Janet I. Sprent,William E. Newton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 419 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2008-01-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402035487

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Nitrogen-fixing Leguminous Symbioses by Michael J. Dilworth,Euan K. James,Janet I. Sprent,William E. Newton Pdf

Nodules produced on legume roots by root-nodule bacteria provide the major nitrogenous input into natural and agricultural systems worldwide. This book provides an in-depth and up-to-the-minute analysis of what is known about this symbiosis, its origins, the process of nodule formation and development, and the biochemistry and genetics of nodular nitrogen fixation. It also reviews the physiology of the root-nodule bacteria themselves, their ecology in both natural and agricultural systems, and how we can introduce new legumes along with the bacteria they require. This book is recommended for scientists working with root nodule bacteria or host legumes, agronomists, forestry scientists, and soil scientists.

Author : D. P. Beck
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 379 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9024724058

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Nitrogen Fixation by Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture by D. P. Beck Pdf

Biological nitrogen fixation in the mediterranean region. The role of pasture and forage legumes in livestock based farming systems. Food legumes in mediterranean type of environment. Development of a regional program on biological nitrogen fixation to enhance agricultural production in the near east. Maximizing biological nitrogen fixation by forage and pasture legumes in semi-arid areas. The use of biological nitrogen fixation to develop livestock and ceral production in Morocco. Annual forage legumes in arid and semi-arid regions of Turkey. The role of legumes in agricultural production in Cyprus. Woody legumes in arid and semi-arid zones: the Rhizobium-prosopis chiliensis symbiosis. The status of biological nitrogen fixation research in Lebanon.Biological nitrogen fixation research on grain legumes in Ethiopia: an overview. Genetic and physiologial aspects of legumes and rhizobia. Ecology of Rhizobium and inoculation. Nitrogen fixation limitations and potential. Workshop synthesis and recommendations developed from group discussion. Analysis of the host genes controlling the legume-Rhizobium symbiosis: some technical problems and pitfalls. Cloning gene(s) for competition nodulation blocking on Afghanistan peas from Rhizobium leguminosarum. Physiology and genetics of Rhizobium nodulating chickpeas. Rhizobium strains from wild and primitive legumes: a nuisance or valuable gene pool. Ecological aspects of the root-nodule bacteria: competition and survival.

Author : G.H. Elkan,R.G. Upchurch
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401157001

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Current Issues in Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation by G.H. Elkan,R.G. Upchurch Pdf

In the 100 years since the legume-Rhizobium symbiotic nitrogen fixation interaction was first described, interest in this field has grown rapidly. The types of studies have been cyclical in nature, involving a cross-section of disciplines. The availability of cheap nitrogenous fertilizers caused much of the biological nitrogen fixation research to become more theoretical in the developed world. The high cost of energy, coupled with environmental concerns and the interest in sustainable agriculture, has stimulated research in symbiotic nitrogen fixation. The development of modern genetic techniques has resulted in interdisciplinary research on plant-microbe interactions controlling nitrogen fixation. This has resulted in a better understanding of environmental factors influencing the nodulation process, chemical signalling between the symbiotic partners and the nature of the specificity between host plant and microsymbiotant. This volume summarizes the diverse research efforts in biological nitrogen fixation by presenting a collection of papers in the areas of physiology and metabolism, taxonomy and evolution, genetics and ecology.