Linear And Chiral Dichroism In The Electron Microscope

Author : Peter Schattschneider
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2012-03-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814303170

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Linear and Chiral Dichroism in the Electron Microscope by Peter Schattschneider Pdf

This book describes energy loss magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD), a phenomenon in energy loss spectroscopy discovered in 2006. EMCD is the equivalent of XMCD but is based on fast probe electrons in the electron microscope. A spatial resolution of 2 nm has been demonstrated, and the lattice-resolved mapping of atomic spins appears feasible. EMCD is,

Author : Nobuo Tanaka
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 616 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2014-08-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781783264711

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Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy of Nanomaterials by Nobuo Tanaka Pdf

The basics, present status and future prospects of high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) are described in the form of a textbook for advanced undergraduates and graduate students. This volume covers recent achievements in the field of STEM obtained with advanced technologies such as spherical aberration correction, monochromator, high-sensitivity electron energy loss spectroscopy and the software of image mapping. The future prospects chapter also deals with z-slice imaging and confocal STEM for 3D analysis of nanostructured materials. Contents:Introduction (N Tanaka)Historical Survey of the Development of STEM Instruments (N Tanaka)Basic Knowledge of STEM:Basics of STEM (N Tanaka and K Saitoh)Application of STEM to Nanomaterials and Biological Specimens (N Shibata, S D Findlay, Y Ikuhara and N Tanaka)Theories of STEM Imaging:Theory for HAADF-STEM and Its Image Simulation (K Watanabe)Theory for Annular Bright Field STEM Imaging (S D Findlay, N Shibata and Y Ikuhara)Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy in STEM and Its Imaging (K Kimoto)Density Functional Theory for ELNES in STEM-EELS (T Mizoguchi)Advanced Methods in STEM:Aberration Correction in STEM (H Sawada)Secondary Electron Microscopy in STEM (H Inada and Y Zhu)Scanning Confocal Electron Microscopy (K Mitsuishi and M Takeguchi)Electron Tomography in STEM (N Tanaka)Electron Holography and Lorentz Electron Microscopy in STEM (N Tanaka)Recent Topics and Future Prospects in STEM (N Tanaka) Readership: Graduate students and researchers in the field of nanomaterials and nanostructures. Key Features:Most advanced; befitting beginning graduate studentsVery convenient for advanced researchers who would like to use STEM and have a comprehensive understanding of the theory of image contrast and application detailsSpans from the basic theory to the applications of STEMKeywords:STEM;Nanomaterials;HAADF-STEM;Atomic Resolution;Elemental Mapping;Dark Field Images;Nanoanalysis;Nanofabrication;NanodiffractionReviews: “This is written in a very readable style, packed with information and helpful explanations, and above all, very up to date. The book is generously illustrated, with many nice line-drawings, historic photographs, micrographs and spectra and, as a bonus, it has a name index as well as a subject index.” Ultramicroscopy

Author : Peter W. Hawkes,Erwin Kasper
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 665 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2022-05-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780323916479

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Principles of Electron Optics, Volume 4 by Peter W. Hawkes,Erwin Kasper Pdf

Principles of Electron Optics: Second Edition, Advanced Wave Optics provides a self-contained, modern account of electron optical phenomena with the Dirac or Schrödinger equation as a starting point. Knowledge of this branch of the subject is essential to understanding electron propagation in electron microscopes, electron holography and coherence. Sections in this new release include, Electron Interactions in Thin Specimens, Digital Image Processing, Acquisition, Sampling and Coding, Enhancement, Linear Restoration, Nonlinear Restoration – the Phase Problem, Three-dimensional Reconstruction, Image Analysis, Instrument Control, Vortex Beams, The Quantum Electron Microscope, and much more. Includes authoritative coverage of many recent developments in wave electron optics Describes the interaction of electrons with solids and the information that can be obtained from electron-beam techniques Includes new content on multislice optics, 3D reconstruction, Wigner optics, vortex beams and the quantum electron microscope

Author : Nobuo Tanaka
Publisher : Springer
Page : 333 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2017-04-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9784431565024

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Electron Nano-Imaging by Nobuo Tanaka Pdf

In this book, the bases of imaging and diffraction in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) are explained in the style of a textbook. The book focuses on the explanation of electron microscopic imaging of TEM and STEM without including in the main text distracting information on basic knowledge of crystal diffraction, wave optics, electron lens, and scattering and diffraction theories, which are explained separately in the appendices. A comprehensive explanation is provided on the basis of Fourier transform theory, and this approach is unique in comparison with other advanced resources on high-resolution electron microscopy. With the present textbook, readers are led to understand the essence of the imaging theories of TEM and STEM without being diverted by other knowledge of electron microscopy. The up-to-date information in this book, particularly on imaging details of STEM and aberration corrections, is valuable worldwide for today’s graduate students and professionals just starting their careers.

Author : Martin Hÿtch,Peter W. Hawkes
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2022-06-16
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780323989084

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Plasmon Coupling Physics by Martin Hÿtch,Peter W. Hawkes Pdf

Plasmon Coupling Physics, Wave Effects and their Study by Electron Spectroscopies, Volume 222 in the Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics serial, merges two long-running serials, Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics and Advances in Optical and Electron Microscopy. The series features articles on the physics of electron devices (especially semiconductor devices), particle optics at high and low energies, microlithography, image science, digital image processing, electromagnetic wave propagation, electron microscopy and the computing methods used in all these domains. Specific chapters in this release cover Phase retrieval methods applied to coherent imaging, X-ray phase-contrast imaging: a broad overview of some fundamentals, Graphene and borophene as nanoscopic materials for electronics – with review of the physics, and more. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics series Updated release includes the latest information on the Plasmon Coupling Physics, Wave Effects and their Study by Electron Spectroscopies

Author : Christian Hurm
Publisher : Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
Page : 122 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783832521080

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Towards an Unambiguous Electron Magnetic Chiral Dichroism (EMCD) Measurement in a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) by Christian Hurm Pdf

The intention of the ChiralTEM project (2004-2007) was the detection of electron (energy loss) magnetic chiral dichroism in a transmission electron microscope (TEM), in analogy to X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). For the experiments, single-crystal electron transparent specimen's with magnetic induction perpendicular to the specimen's plane are required. In this thesis, different preparation techniques are evaluated regarding their usability to produce ideal specimen's for a verification of EMCD. After the demonstration of a dichroic measurement, an obvious way to prove the chiral effect is to invert the specimen's magnetization from parallel to antiparallel to the electron beam trajectory, leaving all other parameters of the experimental setup unchanged. For this case, one would - according to theory - expect a change in the dichroic signal measured. In the magnetic field of the objective lens of a 300kV TEM, typical ferromagnetic specimens will be close to saturation perpendicular to the specimen's plane. Reversing the current through the coils of the objective lens will then simply invert the magnetization of the specimen. In consequence, any magnetic chiral effect is expected to change sign. A switching unit for Tecnai microscopes has been constructed for save commutation of the lens currents. The direct sensitivity of the dichroic signal to the direction of the magnetization gives evidence to the magnetic origin of the effect.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2014-05-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781849738125

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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance by Anonim Pdf

Now in its 43rd volume, the Specialist Periodical Report in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance presents comprehensive and critical reviews of the recent literature, providing the reader with an informed summary of the field from invited authors. Several chapters in this volume are devoted to biochemistry, focussing on carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins and nucleic acids; Malcolm Prior also presents a chapter examining the recent literature of NMR in living systems and Cynthia Jameson reviews the theoretical and physical aspects of nuclear shielding, while Jaroslaw Jazwinski examines the theoretical aspects of spin-spin couplings. The lead volume editor, Krystyna Kamienska-Trela, presents a chapter on the applications of spin-spin couplings. Anyone wishing to update themselves on the recent and hottest developments in NMR will benefit from this volume, which deserves a place in any library or NMR facility. Purchasers of the print edition can register for free access to the electronic edition by returning the enclosed registration card.

Author : Peter W. Hawkes,Erwin Kasper
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 728 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2017-10-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780081022573

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Principles of Electron Optics, Volume 1 by Peter W. Hawkes,Erwin Kasper Pdf

Volume one of Principles of Electron Optics: Basic Geometrical Optics, Second Edition, explores the geometrical optics needed to analyze an extremely wide range of instruments: cathode-ray tubes; the family of electron microscopes, including the fixed-beam and scanning transmission instruments, the scanning electron microscope and the emission microscope; electron spectrometers and mass spectrograph; image converters; electron interferometers and diffraction devices; electron welding machines; and electron-beam lithography devices. The book provides a self-contained, detailed, modern account of electron optics for anyone involved with particle beams of modest current density in the energy range up to a few mega-electronvolts. You will find all the basic equations with their derivations, recent ideas concerning aberration studies, extensive discussion of the numerical methods needed to calculate the properties of specific systems and guidance to the literature of all the topics covered. A continuation of these topics can be found in volume two, Principles of Electron Optics: Applied Geometrical Optics. The book is intended for postgraduate students and teachers in physics and electron optics, as well as researchers and scientists in academia and industry working in the field of electron optics, electron and ion microscopy and nanolithography. Offers a fully revised and expanded new edition based on the latest research developments in electron optics Written by the top experts in the field Covers every significant advance in electron optics since the subject originated Contains exceptionally complete and carefully selected references and notes Serves both as a reference and text

Author : Alison Rodger,Bengt Nordén
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Science
ISBN : 019855897X

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Circular Dichroism and Linear Dichroism by Alison Rodger,Bengt Nordén Pdf

This book provides an introduction to all those who wish to use the complementary spectroscopic techniques of optical activity (circular dichroism, CD) and optical anisotropy (linear dichroism, LD) for the study of the structure of molecules and interactions between molecules in solution. It emphasizes these techniques and how to use them for both low and high molecular weight molecules. The book begins by describing the principles behind CD and LD and how these techniques can be used in the laboratory without using advanced maths or quantum mechanics. The next chapters describe how both techniques may be applied to the study of biological macromolecules and give a detailed description of how they may be used on small molecules to investigate molecular and electronic structure. The final part contains theoretical derivations of all the equations required for the applications described previously. Specific molecular examples are used to illustrate concepts and to show the reader how to use the techniques in chemical and biological systems. Circular Dichroism and Linear Dichroism is an easy guide to what a prospective user of CD needs to know and explains how LD is not merely an exotic technique only to be practiced by experienced spectroscopists, but may be routinely and usefully employed as an aid to molecular structure determination.

Author : Bengt Nordén,Alison Rodger,Tim Dafforn
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2019-05-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781788018210

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Linear Dichroism and Circular Dichroism by Bengt Nordén,Alison Rodger,Tim Dafforn Pdf

This book provides an introduction to optical anisotropy (linear dichroism, LD) and optical activity (circular dichroism, CD) as techniques for the study of structures and interactions of molecules in solution. The book covers the use of these techniques for both small and large molecular systems with particular emphasis being placed on proteins and nucleic acids. CD is a well-established technique and this book aims to explain how it can be used simply and effectively for new entrants to the field as well as covering more advanced techniques for experts. LD is often seen as a rather exotic method intended only for experienced spectroscopists. This book demonstrates that it is an approach with real utility that may be used by both students and scientists from graduate level onwards to give simple answers, which are not available from any other technique, to structural and kinetic questions. Much of the emphasis is on flow orientation of samples in solution phase. The book first describes the techniques and the information they can provide; it then goes on to give specific details on how to actually implement them, including a wide range of examples showing how LD and CD can help with * protein and nucleic acid secondary structure elucidation; * analysis of the formation and rearrangements of fibrous proteins and membrane proteins; * identification of the absolute configuration of small molecules; * determination of the orientation of small molecules in anisotropic media; * assignment of transition moment polarizations; * investigation of binding strengths and geometries of ligand-macromolecule complexes; * 3-D structure determination from LD, molecular replacement and MD modeling. The advantages of combined LD/CD studies are also outlined with examples of DNA/drug complexes and protein insertion into membranes. Taken together the book represents a comprehensive text on the theory and application of LD and CD in the chemical and biological sciences.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2018-06-15
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780128155424

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Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics by Anonim Pdf

Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics, Volume 206, merges two long-running serials, Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics and Advances in Optical and Electron Microscopy. The series features extended articles on the physics of electron devices (especially semiconductor devices), particle optics at high and low energies, microlithography, image science, digital image processing, electromagnetic wave propagation, electron microscopy, and the computing methods used in all these domains. Contains contributions from leading authorities on the subject matter Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field of imaging and electron physics Provides practitioners interested in microscopy, optics, image processing, mathematical morphology, electromagnetic fields, electrons and ion emission with a valuable resource Features extended articles on the physics of electron devices (especially semiconductor devices), particle optics at high and low energies, microlithography, image science and digital image processing

Author : R.F. Egerton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 491 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781475750997

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Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy in the Electron Microscope by R.F. Egerton Pdf

to the Second Edition Since the first (1986) edition of this book, the numbers of installations, researchers, and research publications devoted to electron energy-loss spec troscopy (EELS) in the electron microscope have continued to expand. There has been a trend towards intermediate accelerating voltages and field-emission sources, both favorable to energy-loss spectroscopy, and sev eral types of energy-filtering microscope are now available commercially. Data-acquisition hardware and software, based on personal computers, have become more convenient and user-friendly. Among university re searchers, much thought has been given to the interpretation and utilization of near-edge fine structure. Most importantly, there have been many practi cal applications of EELS. This may reflect an increased awareness of the potentialities of the technique, but in many cases it is the result of skill and persistence on the part of the experimenters, often graduate students. To take account of these developments, the book has been extensively revised (over a period of two years) and more than a third of it rewritten. I have made various minor changes to the figures and added about 80 new ones. Except for a few small changes, the notation is the same as in the first edition, with all equations in SI units.

Author : Electron Microscopy Society of America. Meeting
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1064 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Electron microscopes
ISBN : UCSD:31822009513888

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Proceedings, ... Annual Meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America by Electron Microscopy Society of America. Meeting Pdf

Author : Thijs Aartsma,Jörg Matysik
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 538 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2008-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402082504

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Biophysical Techniques in Photosynthesis by Thijs Aartsma,Jörg Matysik Pdf

Since the first volume on Biophysical Techniques in Photosynthesis Research, published in 1996, new experimental techniques and methods have been devised at a rapid pace. The present book is a sequel which complements the publication of the first volume by providing a comprehensive overview of the most important new techniques developed over the past ten years, especially those that are relevant for research on the mechanism and fundamental aspects of photosynthesis.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 504 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2011-10-29
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1441995846

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Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy in the Electron Microscope by Anonim Pdf