Long Term Ecological Change In The Northern Gulf Of Alaska

Author : R.B. Spies
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 608 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2006-12-12
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780080469423

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Long-term Ecological Change in the Northern Gulf of Alaska by R.B. Spies Pdf

This comprehensive text is a major synthesis on ecological change in the Gulf of Alaska. It encompasses the structural and annual changes, forces of change, long-ecological changes in the atmosphere and ocean, plankton, fish, birds and mammals, and the effects of the 1989 Exxon Valdez Oil Spill. With 5 major sections, Long-term Ecological Change in the Northern Gulf of Alaska first describes the physical features, the atmosphere and physical oceanography, the annual production cycle, the forage base for higher animals and trophic transfer, and the adaptations for survival in this changing environment for 9 portal species. Then, the major forces of change are introduced: climate, geophysics, fisheries and harvesting, species interactions, disease and contaminants. Next, the long-term records of change in physical factors and biological populations are presented, as well as the potential reasons for the biological changes. Following is the history of the Exxon Valdez oil spill and its long-term effects. And, finally, the emergent properties of the ecosystem are discussed and an attempt is made to weigh the importance of the major forcing factors in terms of their temporal and spatial scales of influence. * Examines important data on long-term change in the ecosystem and the forcing factors that are responsible for it * Provides an account of the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill with emphasis on the long-term effects * Describes the effects of climate change, geophysical change, species interactions, harvesting, disease, the 1989 oil spill, and marine contaminants on key populations of marine organisms

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Polar Research Board,Committee to Review the Gulf of Alaska Ecosystem Monitoring Program
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2002-07-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 0309169224

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A Century of Ecosystem Science by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Polar Research Board,Committee to Review the Gulf of Alaska Ecosystem Monitoring Program Pdf

This report provides guidance to the Gulf Ecosystem Monitoring (GEM) program to help ensure that it is based on a a science plan that is robust, far-reaching, and scientifically sound. The report commends the Trustee Council for its foresight in setting aside funds to create a trust fund to provide long-term research support; it notes that the GEM program offers an unparalleled opportunity to increase understanding of how large marine ecosystems function and change over time. The report outlines elements of a sound long-term science plan, including conceptual foundation, scope and geographic focus, organizational structure, community involvement, data and information management, and synthesis, modeling, and evaluation.

Author : Aaron J. Poe,Randy Gimblett
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2017-11-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780816535644

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Sustaining Wildlands by Aaron J. Poe,Randy Gimblett Pdf

"Nearly thirty years after the Exxon Valdez oil spill, land managers and stakeholders explore the ongoing paradox of accommodating human use while reducing environmental impact in Prince William Sound"--Provided by publisher.

Author : Kenneth L. Pratt ,Scott A. Heyes
Publisher : Athabasca University Press
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2022-10-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781771993166

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Memory and Landscape by Kenneth L. Pratt ,Scott A. Heyes Pdf

The North is changing at an unprecedented rate as industrial development and the climate crisis disrupt not only the environment but also long-standing relationships to the land and traditional means of livelihood. Memory and Landscape: Indigenous Responses to a Changing North explores the ways in which Indigenous peoples in the Arctic have adapted to challenging circumstances, including past cultural and environmental changes. In this beautifully illustrated volume, contributors document how Indigenous communities in Alaska, northern Canada, Greenland, and Siberia are seeking ways to maintain and strengthen their cultural identity while also embracing forces of disruption. Indigenous and non-Indigenous contributors bring together oral history and scholarly research from disciplines such as linguistics, archaeology, and ethnohistory. With an emphasis on Indigenous place names, this volume illuminates how the land—and the memories that are inextricably tied to it—continue to define Indigenous identity. The perspectives presented here also serve to underscore the value of Indigenous knowledge and its essential place in future studies of the Arctic. Contributions by Vinnie Baron, Hugh Brody, Kenneth Buck, Anna Bunce, Donald Butler, Michael A. Chenlov, Aron L. Crowell, Peter C. Dawson, Martha Dowsley, Robert Drozda, Gary Holton, Colleen Hughes, Peter Jacobs, Emily Kearney-Williams, Igor Krupnik, Apayo Moore, Murielle Nagy, Mark Nuttall, Evon Peter, Louann Rank, William E. Simeone, Felix St-Aubin, and Will Stolz.

Author : John E. Hobbie,George W. Kling
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2014-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199860401

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Alaska's Changing Arctic by John E. Hobbie,George W. Kling Pdf

The latest volume in the LTER series, this book presents the results and finding of the Long-Term Ecological Research site in the Alaskan Arctic, discussing Arctic ecology from a variety of perspectives and disciplines.

Author : James Fargo Balliett
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2014-12-18
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781317463665

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Oceans by James Fargo Balliett Pdf

Covering 71 percent of the planet, these saline bodies of water provided the unique conditions necessary for the building blocks of life to form billions of years ago. This book explains how our oceans continue to support and influence life in important ways: by providing the largest global source of protein in the form of fish populations, by creating and influencing weather systems, and by absorbing waste streams such as airborne carbon. It is shown how oceans have an almost magnetic draw—almost half of the world’s population lives within a few hours of an ocean. Although oceans are vast in size, exceeding 328 million cubic miles (1.37 billion cubic kilometers), they have been influenced by and have influenced humans in numerous ways. The book includes three detailed case studies. The first focuses on the most remote locations along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, where new ocean floor is being formed twenty-thousand feet underwater. The second considers the Maldives, a string of islands in the Indian Ocean, where increasing sea levels may force residents to abandon some communities by 2020. The third describes the North Sea at the edge of the Arctic Ocean, where fishing stocks have been dangerously depleted as a result of multiple nations’ unrelenting removal of the smallest and largest species.

Author : Marilyn Sigman
Publisher : University of Alaska Press
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2018-03-15
Category : Literary Collections
ISBN : 9781602233485

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Entangled by Marilyn Sigman Pdf

Chronicling her quest for wildness and home in Alaska, naturalist Marilyn Sigman writes lyrically about the history of natural abundance and human notions of wealth—from seals to shellfish to sea otters to herring, halibut, and salmon—in Alaska’s iconic Kachemak Bay. Kachemak Bay is a place where people and the living resources they depend on have ebbed and flowed for thousands of years. The forces of the earth are dynamic here: they can change in an instant, shaking the ground beneath your feet or overturning kayaks in a rushing wave. Glaciers have advanced and receded over centuries. The climate, like the ocean, has shifted from warmer to colder and back again in a matter of decades. The ocean food web has been shuffled from bottom to top again and again. In Entangled, Sigman contemplates the patterns of people staying and leaving, of settlement and displacement, nesting her own journey to Kachemak Bay within diasporas of her Jewish ancestors and of ancient peoples from Asia to the southern coast of Alaska. Along the way she weaves in scientific facts about the region as well as the stories told by Alaska’s indigenous peoples. It is a rhapsodic introduction to this stunning region and a siren call to protect the land’s natural resources in the face of a warming, changing world.

Author : Nagina Parmar,Ajay Singh
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2013-12-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642418372

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Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry by Nagina Parmar,Ajay Singh Pdf

Over the past 4 billion years, microorganisms have contributed to shaping the earth and making it more habitable for higher forms of life. They are remarkable in their metabolic diversity and their ability to harvest energy from oxidation and reduction reactions. Research on these microbiological processes has led to the newly evolving fields of geomicrobiology and biogeochemistry, linking the geosphere and the biosphere. This volume of the Soil Biology series provides an overview of the biogeochemical processes and the microorganisms involved, with an emphasis on the industrial applications. Topics treated include aspects such as bioremediation of contaminated environments, biomining, biotechnological applications of extremophiles, subsurface petroleum microbiology, enhanced oil recovery using microbes and their products, metal extraction from soil, soil elemental cycling and plant nutrition.

Author : Charles Wohlforth
Publisher : Macmillan
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2010-06-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781429924054

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The Fate of Nature by Charles Wohlforth Pdf

"What capacity for good lies in the hidden depths of people?" Starting with this question, award-winning author Charles Wohlforth sets forth on a wide-ranging exploration of our relationship with the world. In The Fate of Nature, he draws on science, spirituality, history, economics, and personal stories to reveal answers about the future of that relationship. There is no better place to witness the highs and lows of our treatment of the natural world than the vast wilds, rocky coasts, and shifting settlements of Alaska. Since the first encounter between Captain Cook's crew and the Alaskan Natives in 1778, there have been countless struggles between people who have had different plans for the region. Some have hoped to preserve Alaska as they found it, while others aimed to create something new in its place. Incidents such as the Exxon Valdez oil spill may seem like cause for despair. In the face of such profound tragedies, Charles Wohlforth has found heartening developments in the science of human altruism. This new understanding of what causes humans to cooperate and act conscientiously may be the first step toward taking the actions necessary to preserve an environment that has already been altered drastically in our lifetime. A clear-eyed, original work of research, reportage, and philosophical reflections, The Fate of Nature gives us a chance to change the way we think about our place in society and the world at large.

Author : Ross Coen
Publisher : University of Alaska Press
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-04-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781602231702

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Breaking Ice for Arctic Oil by Ross Coen Pdf

In 1969, an icebreaking tanker, the SS Manhattan, was commissioned by Humble Oil to transit the Northwest Passage in order to test the logistical and economic feasibility of an all-marine transportation system for Alaska North Slope crude oil. Proposed as an alternative to the Trans-Alaska Pipeline, the Manhattan made two voyages to the North American Arctic and collected volumes of scientific data on ice conditions and the behavior of ships in ice. Although the Manhattan successfully navigated the Northwest Passage—closing a five-hundred-year chapter of Arctic exploration by becoming the first commercial vessel to do so—the expedition ultimately demonstrated the impracticality of moving crude oil using icebreaking ships. Breaking Ice for Arctic Oil details this historic voyage, establishing its significant impact on the future of marine traffic and resource development in the Arctic and setting the stage for the current oil crisis.

Author : J. Brian Alford,Mark S. Peterson,Christopher C. Green
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2014-10-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781466557208

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Impacts of Oil Spill Disasters on Marine Habitats and Fisheries in North America by J. Brian Alford,Mark S. Peterson,Christopher C. Green Pdf

At an increasingly global scale, aquatic scientists are heavily entrenched in understanding the fate of marine ecosystems in the face of human-altered environments. Oil spill disasters, especially large-scale ones like the 2010 Deepwater Horizon tragedy, have left uncertain and indelible marks on marine ecosystems. Impacts of Oil Spill Disasters on Marine Habitats and Fisheries in North America contains independent scientific findings and critical reviews from experts researching the impacts of the Exxon Valdez, Ixtoc I, and Deepwater Horizon oil spills on coastal fishery resources. Comprised of three sections, this seminal work: Details the physiological effects of oil-derived compounds on fishes, presenting results from field and laboratory investigations Addresses the science of assessing the impacts of oil spills and oil response measures on coastal habitats, with an emphasis on salt-marsh ecosystems in the Gulf of Mexico Explores the quantified and potential impacts of oil spills on population and community dynamics of commercial and recreational fishery species Provides newly released results from the 25-year recovery of marine mammals, birds, and fishes following the Exxon Valdez spill Chapters discuss new techniques for collecting and processing blood samples for toxicity testing, new aerial radar techniques for detecting unseen oil on marshes, consequences of oil prevention measures (such as diverting fresh water to estuaries or building sand berms to stop oil) on coastal fishery resources, and non-traditional methods for assessing the herring stock in Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA following the Exxon Valdez disaster.

Author : Bradley G. Stevens
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 638 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2014-03-18
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781439855416

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King Crabs of the World by Bradley G. Stevens Pdf

With species existing in all subpolar seas, king crabs are one of the most valuable seafoods. Major fluctuations in their abundance have stimulated a flurry of research and a rapid expansion of the scientific literature in the last decade. King Crabs of the World: Biology and Fisheries Management consolidates extensive knowledge on the biology, systematics, anatomy, life history, and fisheries of king crabs and presents it in a single volume. This book is the first comprehensive scientific reference devoted to the biology and fisheries of king crabs. The first part of the book describes king crabs and their place in the world, covering geographic distribution, depth and temperature ranges, and maps of known habitats. Chapters examine phylogenetic relationships, evolutionary history and phylogeography, internal and external anatomy of king crabs, and the history of North Pacific fisheries. There is also a chapter that presents a comprehensive overview of diseases and other anomalies of king crabs. The second part of the book describes the life history and biology of various king crab species, including embryonic development and environmental factors, the development and biology of larvae, the ecology and biology of juvenile stages, reproductive strategies of fished species, and the growth and feeding of king crabs and their ecological impacts. The third part of the book discusses human and environmental interactions with king crabs through fisheries, management, and ecosystems. Topics include the impacts of fishing—bycatch, handling, and discard mortality—king crab aquaculture and stock enhancement, and king crabs from various regions such as Southern Hemisphere waters, the Barents Sea, and Alaska. A chapter synthesizing various aspects of king crab biology provides an ecosystem-scale perspective and the final chapter presents the author’s outlook on the future of king crab research and populations.

Author : Methea K. Sapp
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2009-11-25
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780313353192

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America's Natural Places: Pacific and West by Methea K. Sapp Pdf

From Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge to the Milnesand Prairie Preserve of New Mexico, this volume provides a snapshot of the most spectacular and important natural places in the western United States. America's Natural Places: Pacific and West examines over 50 of the most spectacular and important areas of this region, with each entry describing the importance of the area, the flora and fauna that it supports, threats to the survival of the region, and what is being done to protect it. Organized by state within the volume, this work informs readers about the wide variety of natural areas across the western part of the United States and identifies places that may be near them that demonstrate the importance of preserving such regions.

Author : John A. Wiens
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 487 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2013-07-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107027176

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Oil in the Environment by John A. Wiens Pdf

Scientists directly involved in studying the Exxon Valdez spill provide a comprehensive synthesis of scientific information on long-term spill effects.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 106 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Oil spills
ISBN : UVA:35007002807026

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Invitation to Submit Restoration Proposals for Federal Fiscal Year 2000 by Anonim Pdf