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The Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission...Resolving Fundamental Processes in Space Plasmas by S. Curtis Pdf
The Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission is a multiple-spacecraft Solar-Terrestrial Probe designed to study the microphysics of magnetic reconnection, charged particle acceleration, and turbulence in key boundary regions of Earth's magnetosphere. These three processes, which control the flow of energy, mass, and momentum within and across plasma boundaries, occur throughout the universe and are fundamental to our understanding of astrophysical and solar system plasmas.
Magnetospheric Multiscale by James L. Burch,Roy B. Torbert Pdf
NASA’s Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission is a four-spacecraft Solar Terrestrial Probe mission to study magnetic reconnection, a fundamental plasma physical process in which energy stored in a magnetic field is converted into the kinetic energy of charged particles and heat. The driver of eruptive solar events such as flares and coronal mass ejections, magnetic reconnection is also the process by which energy is transferred from the solar wind to Earth’s magnetosphere. Flying in a tetrahedral formation, the four identically instrumented MMS spacecraft measure the plasma, electric and magnetic fields, and energetic particles in the regions of geospace where magnetic reconnection is expected to occur. With interspacecraft distances varying from 400 km to 10 km and instruments capable of making extremely fast measurements (30 ms for electrons), MMS has the spatial and temporal resolution needed to resolve for the first time the microphysics of the electron diffusion region. Here, the magnetic field and the plasma become decoupled, allowing reconnection to occur. During the first of its two mission phases, MMS targets the dayside magnetopause, where the interplanetary and terrestrial magnetic fields reconnect. In the second phase, MMS increases its apogee from 12 RE to 25 RE and probes the nightside magnetosphere, where energy stored in the stretched field lines of the magnetotail is explosively released in magnetospheric substorms. Launched in March 2015 into a low-inclination elliptical orbit, MMS is now in Phase 1 of science operations. This volume, which describes the MMS mission design, observatories, instrumentation, and operations, is aimed at researchers and graduate students in magnetospheric physics and plasma physics. Researchers using the publicly available MMS data will find it particularly useful. Previously published in Space Science Reviews, Volume 199, Nos. 1-4, 2016.
Multiscale Coupling of Sun-Earth Processes by A.T.Y. Lui,Y. Kamide,G. Consolini Pdf
Many approaches exist for scientific investigations and space research is no exception. The early approach during which each space plasma region within the Sun-Earth system was investigated separately with physics-based tools has now progressed to encompass investigations on coupling between these regions. Ample evidence now exists indicating the dynamic processes in these regions exhibit disturbances over a wide range of scales both in time and space. This new reckoning naturally leads to an emerging perspective of probing these natural phenomena with concepts and tools developed in modern statistical mechanics for physical processes governing the evolution of out-of-equilibrium and complex systems. These new developments have prompted a topical conference on Sun-Earth connection, held on February 9-13, 2004 at Kailua-Kona, Hawaii, USA, with the goal of promoting interactions among scientists practicing the traditional physics-based approach and those utilizing modern statistical techniques. This monograph is a product of this conference, a compilation of thirty-nine articles assembled into seven chapters: (1) multiscale features in complexity dynamics, (2) space storms, (3) magnetospheric substorms, (4) turbulence and magnetic reconnection, (5) modeling and coupling of space phenomena, (6) techniques for multiscale space plasma problems, and (7) present and future multiscale space missions. These articles show a diversity of space phenomena exhibiting scale free characteristics, intermittency, and non-Gaussian distributions of probability density function of fluctuations in the physical parameters of the Sun-Earth system. The scope covers the latest observations, theories, simulations, and techniques on the multiscale nature of Sun-Earth phenomena and underscores the usefulness in cross-disciplinary exchange needed to unravel the underlying physical processes, which may eventually lead to a possible unified description and prediction for space disturbances. * Extensive collection of state-of-the-art papers on multiscale coupling of Sun-Earth Processes * Present and future multiscale space missions * New techniques and models for performing multiscale analysis
The Role of Turbulence in the Solar Wind, Magnetosphere, Ionosphere Dynamics by Marina Stepanova,Joseph E. Borovsky,Vadim Uritsky,Zoltan Voros,Alessandro Retino,Gaetano Zimbardo Pdf
Improving the Understanding of Kinetic Processes in Solar Wind and Magnetosphere: From CLUSTER to MMS by Antonella Greco,Benoit Lavraud,Denise Perrone,Alexandros Chasapis Pdf
Cold-Ion Populations and Cold-Electron Populations in the Earth’s Magnetosphere and Their Impact on the System, 2nd edition by Joseph E. Borovsky,Gian Luca Delzano,Elena Kronberg ,Cecilia Norgen Pdf
Cold-ion populations and cold-electron populations are extremely difficult to measure in the Earth’s magnetosphere, and their properties, evolutions, and controlling factors are poorly understood. They are sometimes referred to as the “hidden populations”. But they are known to have multiple impacts on the behavior of the global magnetospheric system. These impacts include (a) the reduction of the dayside reconnection rate and consequently the reduction of solar-wind/magnetosphere coupling, (b) alteration of the growth rate and saturation amplitudes of plasma waves resulting in alterations of the energization rates of the radiation belts, (c) changes in plasma-wave properties resulting in changes in the loss rates of the ring current and radiation belts, (d) changes in the mass density of the magnetosphere resulting in changes in the radial diffusion of the radiation belts, (e) spatial and temporal structuring of the aurora, (f) altering magnetotail reconnection, (g) changing spacecraft charging, and (h) acting as sources for warm and hot magnetospheric populations. A recent workshop on the cold-particle populations of the magnetosphere inspired new work on the outstanding problems caused by a lack of understanding of those cold populations. This Research Topic will collect reports of that new work and will stimulate the formation of author teams to write review articles on what is known and what needs to be known. Commentaries assessing the present situation and guiding the research field into the future will be solicited from the community. Methods articles describing new measurement techniques and new spaceflight mission concepts will be welcomed.
Charles R. Chappell,Robert W. Schunk,Peter M. Banks,Richard M. Thorne,James L. Burch
Author : Charles R. Chappell,Robert W. Schunk,Peter M. Banks,Richard M. Thorne,James L. Burch Publisher : John Wiley & Sons Page : 414 pages File Size : 46,5 Mb Release : 2016-10-31 Category : Science ISBN : 9781119066774
Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in the Solar System by Charles R. Chappell,Robert W. Schunk,Peter M. Banks,Richard M. Thorne,James L. Burch Pdf
Over a half century of exploration of the Earth’s space environment, it has become evident that the interaction between the ionosphere and the magnetosphere plays a dominant role in the evolution and dynamics of magnetospheric plasmas and fields. Interestingly, it was recently discovered that this same interaction is of fundamental importance at other planets and moons throughout the solar system. Based on papers presented at an interdisciplinary AGU Chapman Conference at Yosemite National Park in February 2014, this volume provides an intellectual and visual journey through our exploration and discovery of the paradigm-changing role that the ionosphere plays in determining the filling and dynamics of Earth and planetary environments. The 2014 Chapman conference marks the 40th anniversary of the initial magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling conference at Yosemite in 1974, and thus gives a four decade perspective of the progress of space science research in understanding these fundamental coupling processes. Digital video links to an online archive containing both the 1974 and 2014 meetings are presented throughout this volume for use as an historical resource by the international heliophysics and planetary science communities. Topics covered in this volume include: Ionosphere as a source of magnetospheric plasma Effects of the low energy ionospheric plasma on the stability and creation of the more energetic plasmas The unified global modeling of the ionosphere and magnetosphere at the Earth and other planets New knowledge of these coupled interactions for heliophysicists and planetary scientists, with a cross-disciplinary approach involving advanced measurement and modeling techniques Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in the Solar System is a valuable resource for researchers in the fields of space and planetary science, atmospheric science, space physics, astronomy, and geophysics. Read an interview with the editors to find out more: https://eos.org/editors-vox/filling-earths-space-environment-from-the-sun-or-the-earth
Earth's Magnetosphere by Wayne Keith,Walter Heikkila Pdf
Earth's Magnetosphere: Formed by the Low Latitude Boundary Layer, Second Edition, provides a fully updated overview of both historical and current data related to the magnetosphere and how it is formed. With a focus on experimental data and space missions, the book goes in depth relating space physics to the Earth’s magnetosphere and its interaction with the solar wind. Starting with Newton’s law, this book also examines Maxwell’s equations and subsidiary equations such as continuity, constitutive relations and the Lorentz transformation, Helmholtz’ theorem, and Poynting’s theorem, among other methods for understanding this interaction. This new edition of Earth’s Magnetosphere is updated with information on such topics as 3D reconnection, space weather implications, recent missions such as MMS, ionosphere outflow and coupling, and the inner magnetosphere. With the addition of end-of-chapter problems as well, this book is an excellent foundational reference for geophysicists, space physicists, plasma physicists, and graduate students alike. Offers an historical perspective of early magnetospheric research, combined with progress up to the present Describes observations from various spacecraft in a variety of regions, with explanations and discussions of each Includes chapters on prompt particle acceleration to high energies, plasma transfer event, and the low latitude boundary layer
Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2014 by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Pdf
Nonequilibrium Phenomena in Plasmas by A. Surjalal Sharma,P. Kaw Pdf
This book presents studies of complexity in the context of nonequilibrium phenomena using theory, modeling, simulations, and experiments, both in the laboratory and in nature.
Autonomous and Autonomic Systems: With Applications to NASA Intelligent Spacecraft Operations and Exploration Systems by Walt Truszkowski,Harold Hallock,Christopher Rouff,Jay Karlin,James Rash,Michael Hinchey,Roy Sterritt Pdf
In the early 1990s, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center started researching and developing autonomous and autonomic ground and spacecraft control systems for future NASA missions. This research started by experimenting with and developing expert systems to automate ground station software and reduce the number of people needed to control a spacecraft. This was followed by research into agent-based technology to develop autonomous ground c- trol and spacecraft. Research into this area has now evolved into using the concepts of autonomic systems to make future space missions self-managing and giving them a high degree of survivability in the harsh environments in which they operate. This book describes much of the results of this research. In addition, it aimstodiscusstheneededsoftwaretomakefutureNASAspacemissionsmore completelyautonomousandautonomic.Thecoreofthesoftwareforthesenew missions has been written for other applications or is being applied gradually in current missions, or is in current development. It is intended that this book should document how NASA missions are becoming more autonomous and autonomic and should point to the way of making future missions highly - tonomous and autonomic. What is not covered is the supporting hardware of these missions or the intricate software that implements orbit and at- tude determination, on-board resource allocation, or planning and scheduling (though we refer to these technologies and give references for the interested reader).
Dayside Magnetosphere Interactions by Qiugang Zong,Philippe Escoubet,David Sibeck,Guan Le,Hui Zhang Pdf
Exploring the processes and phenomena of Earth's dayside magnetosphere Energy and momentum transfer, initially taking place at the dayside magnetopause, is responsible for a variety of phenomenon that we can measure on the ground. Data obtained from observations of Earth’s dayside magnetosphere increases our knowledge of the processes by which solar wind mass, momentum, and energy enter the magnetosphere. Dayside Magnetosphere Interactions outlines the physics and processes of dayside magnetospheric phenomena, the role of solar wind in generating ultra-low frequency waves, and solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling. Volume highlights include: Phenomena across different temporal and spatial scales Discussions on dayside aurora, plume dynamics, and related dayside reconnection Results from spacecraft observations, ground-based observations, and simulations Discoveries from the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission and Van Allen Probes era Exploration of foreshock, bow shock, magnetosheath, magnetopause, and cusps Examination of similar processes occurring around other planets The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about this book from this Q&A with the editors