Managing Regional Public Goods For Health Community Based Dengue Vector Control
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Author : Asian Development Bank Publisher : Asian Development Bank Page : 70 pages File Size : 45,7 Mb Release : 2013-09-01 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 9789290929154
Managing Regional Public Goods for Health: Community-Based Dengue Vector Control by Asian Development Bank Pdf
The threat from dengue has grown dramatically. The World Health organization estimates that there may be up to 100 million thousands die because of dengue each year. Controlling mosquitoes is the only available dengue prevention strategy, but dengue control activities tend to be limited to reponses to outbreaks. This report documents a promising, feasible, low-cost measure for controlling Aedes egypti mosquitoes, the primary household-associated dengue vector. The intervention involved encouraging local communities in Cambodia and the Lao People's Democratic Republic to use small fish called guppies to devour mosquito larvae in household water containers; this was accompanied by intense communication activities. The result was significant reductions in the number of containers with mosquito larvae and of mosquito pupae per person. The approach is being considered for expansion to other areas of Cambodia and the Lao People's Democratic Republic and is also being taken to countries in the South Pacific with a view to assessing its wider suitability.
Disease Prevention Through Vector Control by Madeleine C. Thomson Pdf
This work is intended to help development workers and planners to identify and assess the risks of vector-borne diseases in a camp and to plan and implement cost-effective ways of controlling them. The main vector-borne diseases are described, the importance of identifying the particular disease, and of considering methods of control is emphasized.
Author : World Health Organization Publisher : World Health Organization Page : 159 pages File Size : 41,9 Mb Release : 2009 Category : Medical ISBN : 9789241547871
This publication is intended to contribute to prevention and control of the morbidity and mortality associated with dengue and to serve as an authoritative reference source for health workers and researchers. These guidelines are not intended to replace national guidelines but to assist in the development of national or regional guidelines. They are expected to remain valid for five years (until 2014), although developments in research could change their validity.--Publisher's description.
Author : World Health Organization Publisher : World Health Organization Page : 242 pages File Size : 49,6 Mb Release : 2016-07-27 Category : Medical ISBN : 9789241549653
Toolkit for Integrated Vector Management in Sub-Saharan Africa (A) by World Health Organization Pdf
This toolkit for integrated vector management (IVM) is designed to help national and regional programme managers coordinate across sectors to design and run large IVM programmes. It is an extension of earlier guidance and teaching material published by the World Health Organization (WHO): Handbook for integrated vector management Monitoring and evaluation indicators for integrated vector management Guidance on policy-making for integrated vector management and Core structure for training curricula on integrated vector management. The toolkit provides the technical detail required to plan implement monitor and evaluate an IVM approach. IVM can be used when the aim is to control or eliminate vector-borne diseases and can also contribute to insecticide resistance management. This toolkit provides information on where vector-borne diseases are endemic and what interventions should be used presenting case studies on IVM as well as relevant guidance documents for reference. The diseases that are the focus of this toolkit are malaria lymphatic filariasis dengue leishmaniasis onchocerciasis human African trypanosomiasis and schistosomiasis. It also includes information on other viral diseases (Rift Valley fever West Nile fever Chikungunya yellow fever) and trachoma. If other vector-borne diseases appear in a country or area vector control with an IVM approach should be adopted as per national priorities. Malaria as one of the most important vector-borne diseases in sub-Saharan Africa is the main focus of this document. Programmes targeting other vector-borne diseases can learn from the experiences gained from malaria vector control and presented here.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 397 pages File Size : 41,9 Mb Release : 2016-10-21 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309377591
Global Health Impacts of Vector-Borne Diseases by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats Pdf
Pathogens transmitted among humans, animals, or plants by insects and arthropod vectors have been responsible for significant morbidity and mortality throughout recorded history. Such vector-borne diseases â€" including malaria, dengue, yellow fever, and plague â€" together accounted for more human disease and death in the 17th through early 20th centuries than all other causes combined. Over the past three decades, previously controlled vector-borne diseases have resurged or reemerged in new geographic locations, and several newly identified pathogens and vectors have triggered disease outbreaks in plants and animals, including humans. Domestic and international capabilities to detect, identify, and effectively respond to vector-borne diseases are limited. Few vaccines have been developed against vector-borne pathogens. At the same time, drug resistance has developed in vector-borne pathogens while their vectors are increasingly resistant to insecticide controls. Furthermore, the ranks of scientists trained to conduct research in key fields including medical entomology, vector ecology, and tropical medicine have dwindled, threatening prospects for addressing vector-borne diseases now and in the future. In June 2007, as these circumstances became alarmingly apparent, the Forum on Microbial Threats hosted a workshop to explore the dynamic relationships among host, pathogen(s), vector(s), and ecosystems that characterize vector-borne diseases. Revisiting this topic in September 2014, the Forum organized a workshop to examine trends and patterns in the incidence and prevalence of vector-borne diseases in an increasingly interconnected and ecologically disturbed world, as well as recent developments to meet these dynamic threats. Participants examined the emergence and global movement of vector-borne diseases, research priorities for understanding their biology and ecology, and global preparedness for and progress toward their prevention, control, and mitigation. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Handbook for Integrated Vector Management by World Health Organization Pdf
Integrated vector management (IVM) is a rational decision-making process for optimal use of resources for vector control. The aim of the IVM approach is to contribute to achievement of the global targets set for vector-borne disease control, by making vector control more efficient, cost-effective, ecologically sound and sustainable. Use of IVM helps vector control programs to find and use more local evidence, to integrate interventions where appropriate and to collaborate within the health sector and with other sectors, as well as with households and communities. By reorientating to IVM, vector control programs will be better able to meet the growing challenges in the control of malaria, dengue and other vector-borne diseases in the face of dwindling public sector human and financial resources. This handbook presents an operational framework to guide managers and those implementing vector-borne disease control programs in designing more efficient, cost-effective systems. As a national IVM policy and an intersectoral steering committee are essential for establishing IVM as a national strategy, the handbook begins with the policy and institutional framework for IVM. Policy analysis is a means for identifying options for policy reform and suggesting instruments for implementing policy. IVM transforms the conventional system of vector control by making it more evidence-based, integrated and participative. This may require changes in roles, responsibilities and organizational links. The transition to IVM involves both reorientation of vector-borne disease control programs and embedding IVM within local health systems. Intersectoral partnerships and collaboration at both national and local levels will result in cost savings and benefits to other health services. Other relevant sectors, such as agriculture, environment, mining, industry, public works, local government and housing, should incorporate IVM and vector control into their own activities to prevent vector proliferation and disease transmission. Planning and implementing IVM involve assessing the epidemiological and vector situation at country level, analyzing the local determinants of disease, identifying and selecting vector control methods, assessing requirements and resources and designing locally appropriate implementation strategies. Solid evidence on the cost-effectiveness of interventions and their underlying parameters and a comprehensive vector surveillance system are essential for locally appropriate decision-making. Capacity-building, in particular human resource development, is a major challenge, because the IVM strategy requires skilled staff and adequate infrastructure at central and local levels. The handbook outlines the core functions and essential competence required for IVM at central and local levels, complementing a separate set of documents containing the Core structure for training curricula on integrated vector management and associated training materials. Like any new approach, IVM must be actively advocated and communicated in order to become established. The handbook lays out the elements and processes of IVM to enable policy-makers, donors and implementing partners to use it for vector-borne disease control. During the period of transition and consolidation of an IVM strategy, regular feedback is required on performance and impact in order to ensure continued support. The general public must also be made aware of the strategy and participate in its implementation. The communication tools for reaching the public are the media and various types of educational interventions to increase their knowledge and skills, which should lead to behavioral change and empowerment. The final section presents a comprehensive framework for monitoring and evaluation of IVM, covering aspects discussed in the previous sections. Indicators and methods for measuring process, outcomes and impact are proposed.
Author : World Health Organization Publisher : World Health Organization Page : 64 pages File Size : 53,5 Mb Release : 2024-06-21 Category : Medical ISBN : 9789240095274
Risk communication and community engagement readiness and response toolkit by World Health Organization Pdf
This toolkit is a comprehensive set of practical tools and resources designed to support country-level risk communication and community engagement (RCCE) practitioners, decision-makers, and partners to plan and implement readiness and response activities for dengue fever outbreaks. It is one of a suite of toolkits on RCCE readiness and response to a range of disease and response areas.
ISMINA 2021 by Anggit Wicaksono,Natalia Desy Putriningtyas,Nur Siyam,Billy Castyana Pdf
We are delighted to introduce the proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Sports, Health, and Physical Education (ISMINA 2021) with the theme “Transformation on Sports, Health and Physical Education Facing the Global Pandemic”. This conference has brought researchers, educators and practitioners around the world. The 5th ISMINA 2021 Proceedings contains 75 articles. Consisting of 35 sports-themed articles, 25 health-themed articles, and 15 physical education-themed articles. The 5th ISMINA 2021 collaborates with ICSSPE, APPORI and several leading Indonesian universities in the fields of physical education, sports, and health education. The 5th ISMINA 2021 aims to gather all knowledge and transformation to face the global pandemic in the fields of physical education, health, and sports. Finally, we would like to express our gratitude and appreciation for all committee and the reviewers who helped us maintain the high quality of manuscripts included in the proceedings published by EUDL. Also, we are thankful to all the authors who submitted papers, because of which the conference became a story of success.
Mosquito Research by Henry Puerta-Guardo,Pablo Manrique-Saide Pdf
With around 3,500 species identified so far, mosquitoes can be found in virtually every environment and continent around the globe. Blood-feeding biters (e.g., Anopheles, Culex, Aedes, Ochlerotatus, and Mansonia) are among the most influential vectors for harboring and transmitting mosquito-borne diseases (MBDs) such as Zika, Japanese encephalitis, West Nile fever, dengue fever, yellow fever, and malaria, among other diseases. More than 700 million human infections and 725,000 deaths occur every year. Mosquitoes are increasing in number worldwide, yet there are still no effective vaccines or prevention strategies. Thus, traditional vector control strategies remain the most common ways to combat these diseases. Despite this, MBDs linger as one of the major challenges for public health and vector control programs at both global and local levels. This book provides a comprehensive overview of MBDs and vector control strategies.
Author : World Health Organization Publisher : World Health Organization Page : 211 pages File Size : 51,7 Mb Release : 2015-08-05 Category : Medical ISBN : 9789241564861
Investing to Overcome the Global Impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases by World Health Organization Pdf
"The presence, or absence, of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) can be seen as a proxy for poverty and for the success of interventions aimed at reducing poverty. Today, coverage of the public-health interventions recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) against NTDs may be interpreted as a proxy for universal health coverage and shared prosperity - in short, a proxy for coverage against neglect. As the world's focus shifts from development to sustainable development, from poverty eradication to shared prosperity, and from disease-specific goals to universal health coverage, control of NTDs will assume an important role towards the target of achieving universal health coverage, including individual financial risk protection. Success in overcoming NTDs is a "litmus test" for universal health coverage against NTDs in endemic countries. The first WHO report on NTDs (2010) set the scene by presenting the evidence for how these interventions had produced results. The second report (2013) assessed the progress made in deploying them and detailed the obstacles to their implementation. This third report analyses for the first time the investments needed to achieve the scale up of implementation required to achieve the targets of the WHO Roadmap on NTDs and universal coverage against NTDs. INVESTING TO OVERCOME THE GLOBAL IMPACT OF NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES presents an investment strategy for NTDs and analyses the specific investment case for prevention, control, elimination and eradication of 12 of the 17 NTDs. Such an analysis is justified following the adoption by the Sixty-sixth World Health Assembly in 2013 of resolution WHA6612 on neglected tropical diseases, which called for sufficient and predictable funding to achieve the Roadmap's targets and sustain control efforts. The report cautions, however, that it is wise investment and not investment alone that will yield success. The report registers progress and challenges and signals those that lie ahead. Climate change is expected to increase the spread of several vector-borne NTDs, notably dengue, transmission of which is directly influenced by temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and climate variability primarily through their effects on the vector. Investments in vector-borne diseases will avoid the potentially catastrophic expenditures associated with their control. The presence of NTDs will thereby signal an early warning system for climate-sensitive diseases. The ultimate goal is to deliver enhanced and equitable interventions to the most marginalized populations in the context of a changing public-health and investment landscape to ensure that all peoples affected by NTDs have an opportunity to lead healthier and wealthier lives."--Publisher's description.
Multi-Agent Based Simulation XVII by Luis Gustavo Nardin,Luis Antunes Pdf
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 17th International Workshop on Multi-Agent-Based Simulation, MABs 2016, held in Singapore, in May 2016. The workshop was held in Conjunction with the 15th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, AAMAS 2016. The 10 revised full papers included in this volume were carefully selected from 15 submissions. The topic of the papers is about modeling and analyzing multi-agent systems and applying agent-based simulation techniques to real-world problems, focusing on the confluence of socio-technical- natural sciences and multi-agents systems with a strong application/empirical vein. Special emphasis is given on exploratory agent-based simulation as a principled way of undertaking scientific research in the social sciences and on using social theories as an inspiration to new frameworks and developments in multi-agent systems.
Ana I. Pereira,Florbela P. Fernandes,João P. Coelho,João P. Teixeira,Maria F. Pacheco,Paulo Alves,Rui P. Lopes
Author : Ana I. Pereira,Florbela P. Fernandes,João P. Coelho,João P. Teixeira,Maria F. Pacheco,Paulo Alves,Rui P. Lopes Publisher : Springer Nature Page : 706 pages File Size : 54,6 Mb Release : 2021-12-02 Category : Computers ISBN : 9783030918859
Optimization, Learning Algorithms and Applications by Ana I. Pereira,Florbela P. Fernandes,João P. Coelho,João P. Teixeira,Maria F. Pacheco,Paulo Alves,Rui P. Lopes Pdf
This book constitutes selected and revised papers presented at the First International Conference on Optimization, Learning Algorithms and Applications, OL2A 2021, held in Bragança, Portugal, in July 2021. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held online. The 39 full papers and 13 short papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 134 submissions. They are organized in the topical sections on optimization theory; robotics; measurements with the internet of things; optimization in control systems design; deep learning; data visualization and virtual reality; health informatics; data analysis; trends in engineering education.
Water and Sanitation in the New Millennium by K..J. Nath,Vinod Prakash Sharma Pdf
This contributed volume is about water resources, their variability with prevalent environmental conditions and its sustainable management in India. Water has always been the life line for survival. An adequate supply of safe drinking water is one of the major pre-requisites for a healthy life. Time and again water has been a means of consolidating power in the human society. In the beginning of the new millennium, water has become a major issue in India. India is known to have the gift of its unique river systems have abundant water resources but ironically India faces severe water crises and other water management issues on a vast scale. The water related issues in India varies with both time and space. From crises of potable water, lack of sanitation, water borne diseases, to pesticide and heavy metal contamination, water related predicaments are highly prevalent in India and are more grave in rural set up.
Dengue and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, 2nd Edition by Duane J. Gubler,Eng Eong Ooi,Subhash Vasudevan,Jeremy Farrar Pdf
Continued geographic expansion of dengue viruses and their mosquito vectors has seen the magnitude and frequency of epidemic dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever (DF/DHF) increase dramatically. Recent exciting research on dengue has resulted in major advances in our understanding of all aspects of the biology of these viruses, and this updated second edition brings together leading research and clinical scientists to review dengue virus biology, epidemiology, entomology, therapeutics, vaccinology and clinical management.
