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Mapping Nanotechnology Innovations and Knowledge by Hsinchun Chen Pdf
This book defines the application of Information Technology’s systematic and automated knowledge mapping methodology to collect, analyze and report nanotechnology research on a global basis. The result of these analyses is be a systematic presentation of the state of the art of nanotechnology, which will include basic analysis, content analysis, and citation network analysis of comprehensive nanotechnology findings across technology domains, inventors, institutions, and countries.
Infectious Disease Informatics and Biosurveillance by Daniel Zeng,Hsinchun Chen,Carlos Castillo-Chavez,William B. Lober,Mark Thurmond Pdf
This book on Infectious Disease Informatics (IDI) and biosurveillance is intended to provide an integrated view of the current state of the art, identify technical and policy challenges and opportunities, and promote cross-disciplinary research that takes advantage of novel methodology and what we have learned from innovative applications. This book also fills a systemic gap in the literature by emphasizing informatics driven perspectives (e.g., information system design, data standards, computational aspects of biosurveillance algorithms, and system evaluation). Finally, this book attempts to reach policy makers and practitioners through the clear and effective communication of recent research findings in the context of case studies in IDI and biosurveillance, providing “hands-on” in-depth opportunities to practitioners to increase their understanding of value, applicability, and limitations of technical solutions. This book collects the state of the art research and modern perspectives of distinguished individuals and research groups on cutting-edge IDI technical and policy research and its application in biosurveillance. The contributed chapters are grouped into three units. Unit I provides an overview of recent biosurveillance research while highlighting the relevant legal and policy structures in the context of IDI and biosurveillance ongoing activities. It also identifies IDI data sources while addressing information collection, sharing, and dissemination issues as well as ethical considerations. Unit II contains survey chapters on the types of surveillance methods used to analyze IDI data in the context of public health and bioterrorism. Specific computational techniques covered include: text mining, time series analysis, multiple data streams methods, ensembles of surveillance methods, spatial analysis and visualization, social network analysis, and agent-based simulation. Unit III examines IT and decision support for public health event response and bio-defense. Practical lessons learned in developing public health and biosurveillance systems, technology adoption, and syndromic surveillance for large events are discussed. The goal of this book is to provide an understandable interdisciplinary IDI and biosurveillance reference either used as a standalone textbook or reference for students, researchers, and practitioners in public health, veterinary medicine, biostatistics, information systems, computer science, and public administration and policy.
Nanotechnology and Sustainable Development by Claire Auplat Pdf
Public institutions, academic researchers and financial analysts among others hail nanotechnologies as one of the most promising sectors of social and economic development. Calculations predict that it will become a trillion euro industry by 2015 and that it will bring about economic change of at least the same magnitude as the industrial revolution. Nanotechnology is recent, younger by some thirty years than biotechnology, but it appears at a point in time in human history where there is a convergence between the globalization of access to information and increasing awareness of the importance of sustainable development. Nanotechnology and Sustainable Development explores the ways in which this convergence leads to a change in the management of innovation – and ultimately a reshaping of technological democracy. The scope of the study is global, with a particular focus on Europe and the United States, utilizing several case studies of stakeholders including entrepreneurs, commentators, end users, scientists, and policy makers.
The Nanotechnology Revolution by Dale A. Stirling Pdf
Nanotechnology is changing the world in a very big way, but at the atomic and sub-atomic level. Although the roots of nanotechnology can be traced back to more than a century ago, the last three decades have witnessed an explosion of nano-based technologies and products. This reference work examines the history, current status, and future directions of nanotechnology through an exhaustive search of the technical and scientific literature. The more than 4000 bibliographic citations it includes are carefully organized into core subject areas, and a geographic and subject index allows readers to quickly locate documents of interest. Although a sense of the global reach and interest in nanotechnology can be gleaned from the reference sections of countless journal articles, conference papers, and books, this is the only reference work providing an in-depth global perspective that is ready-made for nanotechnology professionals and those interested in learning more about all things nanotechnology. Despite the abundance of online resources, there is still an urgent need for well-researched, well-presented, concise, and thematically organized reference works. Instead of relying on wiki pages, citation aggregators, and related websites, the author searched the databases and databanks of scholarly literature search providers such as EBSCO, ProQuest, PUBMED, STN International, and Thomson Reuters. In addition, he used select serials-related databases to account for pertinent documents from countries in which English is not the primary national language (i.e., China Online Journals, e-periodica, J-STAGE, and SciELO Brazil among others).
Nanotechnology Research Directions for Societal Needs in 2020 by Mihail C. Roco,Chad A. Mirkin,Mark C. Hersam Pdf
This volume presents a comprehensive perspective on the global scientific, technological, and societal impact of nanotechnology since 2000, and explores the opportunities and research directions in the next decade to 2020. The vision for the future of nanotechnology presented here draws on scientific insights from U.S. experts in the field, examinations of lessons learned, and international perspectives shared by participants from 35 countries in a series of high-level workshops organized by Mike Roco of the National Science Foundation (NSF), along with a team of American co-hosts that includes Chad Mirkin, Mark Hersam, Evelyn Hu, and several other eminent U.S. scientists. The study performed in support of the U.S. National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) aims to redefine the R&D goals for nanoscale science and engineering integration and to establish nanotechnology as a general-purpose technology in the next decade. It intends to provide decision makers in academia, industry, and government with a nanotechnology community perspective of productive and responsible paths forward for nanotechnology R&D.
The University of Arizona Artificial Intelligence Lab (AI Lab) Dark Web project is a long-term scientific research program that aims to study and understand the international terrorism (Jihadist) phenomena via a computational, data-centric approach. We aim to collect "ALL" web content generated by international terrorist groups, including web sites, forums, chat rooms, blogs, social networking sites, videos, virtual world, etc. We have developed various multilingual data mining, text mining, and web mining techniques to perform link analysis, content analysis, web metrics (technical sophistication) analysis, sentiment analysis, authorship analysis, and video analysis in our research. The approaches and methods developed in this project contribute to advancing the field of Intelligence and Security Informatics (ISI). Such advances will help related stakeholders to perform terrorism research and facilitate international security and peace. This monograph aims to provide an overview of the Dark Web landscape, suggest a systematic, computational approach to understanding the problems, and illustrate with selected techniques, methods, and case studies developed by the University of Arizona AI Lab Dark Web team members. This work aims to provide an interdisciplinary and understandable monograph about Dark Web research along three dimensions: methodological issues in Dark Web research; database and computational techniques to support information collection and data mining; and legal, social, privacy, and data confidentiality challenges and approaches. It will bring useful knowledge to scientists, security professionals, counterterrorism experts, and policy makers. The monograph can also serve as a reference material or textbook in graduate level courses related to information security, information policy, information assurance, information systems, terrorism, and public policy.
Nanomanufacturing and Nanomaterials Design by Subhash Singh,Sanjay K. Behura,Ashwani Kumar,Kartikey Verma Pdf
Nanomanufacturing includes bottom-up or top-down techniques, each of which gives an advanced, reliable, scaled-up, and economical methods in the production of nanomaterials. The text discusses fundamental concepts, advanced topics, and applications of nanomanufacturing in a comprehensive manner. Features Discussion of the design and fabrication of nano- and micro-devices in a comprehensive manner. Covers nanofabrication techniques for photovoltaics applications. Lists constitutive modelling and simulation of multifunctional nanomaterials. Introduces nanomanufacturing of nanorobots and their industrial applications. Presents nanomanufacturing of a high-performance piezoelectric nanogenerator for energy harvesting. Important topics include nanomanufacturing of high-performance piezoelectric nanogenerators for energy harvesting, nanosensor, nanorobots, nanomedicine, nano diagnostic tools, 3D nano printing, additive nanomanufacturing of functional materials for human‐integrated smart wearables, and nanofabrication techniques. Nanomanufacturing and Nanomaterials Design covers the latest applications of nanomanufacturing for a better understanding of the concepts. The text provides scientific and technological insights on novel routes of design and fabrication of few-layered nanostructures and their heterostructures based on a variety of advanced materials. It will be a valuable resource for senior undergraduate, graduate students and researchers in the fields of mechanical, manufacturing, industrial, production engineering and materials science.
Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Society by David H. Guston Pdf
"Labeled either as the 'next industrial revolution' or as just 'hype', nanoscience and nanotechnologies are controversial, touted by some as the likely engines of spectacular transformation of human societies and even human bodies, and by others as conceptually flawed. These challenges make an encyclopedia of nanoscience and society an absolute necessity. Providing a guide to what these understandings and challenges are about, the Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Society offers accessible descriptions of some of the key technical achievements of nanoscience along with its history and prospects. Rather than a technical primer, this encyclopedia instead focuses on the efforts of governments around the world to fund nanoscience research and to tap its potential for economic development as well as to assess how best to regular a new technology for the environmental, occupational, and consumer health and safety issues related to the field. Contributions examine and analyze the cultural significance of nanoscience and nanotechnologies and describe some of the organizations, and their products, that promise to make nanotechnologies a critical part of the global economy. Written by noted scholars and practitioners from around the globe, these two volumes offer nearly 500 entries describing the societal aspects of nanoscience and nanotechnology."--Publisher's description.
Leadership in Science and Technology: A Reference Handbook by Anonim Pdf
"This 2-volume set within the SAGE Reference Series on Leadership tackles issues relevant to leadership in the realm of science and technology. To encompass the key topics in this arena, this handbook features 100 topics arranged under eight headings. Volume 1 concentrates on general principles of science and technology leadership and includes sections on social-scientific perspectives on S&T leadership; key scientific concepts about leading and innovating in S&T; characteristics of S&T leaders and their environments; and strategies, tactics, and tools of S&T leadership. Volume 2 provides case studies of leadership in S&T, with sections considering leadership in informal communities of scientists and engineers; leadership in government projects and research initiatives; leadership in industry research, development, and innovation; and finally, leadership in education and university-based research. By focusing on key topics within 100 brief chapters, this unprecedented reference resource offers students more detailed information and depth of discussion than typically found in an encyclopedia entry but not as much jargon, detail or density as in a journal article or a research handbook chapter. Entries are written in language and style that is broadly accessible, and each is followed by cross-references and a brief bibliography and further readings. A detailed index and an online version of the work enhances accessibility for today's student audience"--Provided by publisher.
Simulating Knowledge Dynamics in Innovation Networks by Nigel Gilbert,Petra Ahrweiler,Andreas Pyka Pdf
The competitiveness of firms, regions and countries greatly depends on the generation, dissemination and application of new knowledge. Modern innovation research is challenged by the need to incorporate knowledge generation and dissemination processes into the analysis so as to disentangle the complexity of these dynamic processes. With innovation, however, strong uncertainty, nonlinearities and actor heterogeneity become central factors that are at odds with traditional modeling techniques anchored in equilibrium and homogeneity. This text introduces SKIN (Simulation Knowledge Dynamics in Innovation Networks), an agent-based simulation model that primarily focuses on joint knowledge creation and exchange of knowledge in innovation co‐operations and networks. In this context, knowledge is explicitly modeled and not approximated by, for instance, the level of accumulated R&D investment. The SKIN approach supports applications in different domains ranging from sector-based research activities in knowledge-intensive industries to the activities of international research consortia engaged in basic and applied research. Following a general description of the SKIN model, several applications and modifications are presented. Each chapter introduces in detail the structure of the model, the relevant methodological considerations and the analysis of simulation results, while options for empirically validating the models’ structure and outcomes are also discussed. The book considers the scope of further applications and outlines prospects for the development of joint modeling strategies.
Nanotechnology Intellectual Property Rights by Prabuddha Ganguli,Siddharth Jabade Pdf
"We need to seamlessly integrate IPR in the standard graduate/post graduate courses in science, technology, commerce, creative arts, etc., without over burdening the students with law" —Dr Prabuddha Ganguli, CEO, VISION-IPR Nanotechnology Intellectual Property Rights: Research, Design, and Commercialization offers an overview of the dynamics of development and commercialization in nanotech, where strategic integration of IP, R&D, and commercialization has become imperative. It demystifies issues of intellectual property rights (IPR) associated with research, design, technology transfer, and commercialization of innovations in technology-led areas such as nanotech. Gives all stakeholders vital information to instill confidence by helping them better understand their individual roles in the IPR process Designed for a diverse readership that may not have background knowledge of the legal nuances of IPR, this book clearly articulates techno-legal aspects of nano-related innovations to aid their effective integration into businesses. This resource stands apart by using numerous case studies and pictorial illustrations, addressing aspects ranging from ideation to commercialization of IP-enabled nanotechnology. It illustrates the evolving patent landscape in nanotechnology, explores the international patent classification system, and details patenting procedures in a range of jurisdictions, including search for nanotechnology prior art and creation of search strategies. The authors discuss patent-led nanotechnology businesses, presenting a wide range of case studies that address construction of valuable patent portfolios, growth of start-ups, and consolidation of IP-led nanobusinesses through mergers, acquisitions, joint ventures, strategic investments, etc. They also cover patent litigations in nanotechnologies and the significance of strategically crafting agreements related to IP transactions. In addition, they address compliance with contractual obligations, the importance of well-drafted patent specifications, and sensitive aspects of conducting techno-legal due diligence prior to the development and marketing of products. Also covered are vulnerabilities in challenging/defending the validity of patents and negotiating settlements. Integrating use of the IPRinternalise® model for capacity building in human and infrastructural resources, the authors assess the future of IP landscaping in nanotechnology. Here, they focus on patentability, public perception of risks to health and ecosystems, institutionalized management of intellectual property rights, and the steps that will be necessary to meet these and other such challenges on the way to realizing profits in nanotech.
Nanotechnology and Global Sustainability by Donald Maclurcan,Natalia Radywyl Pdf
The rise of collaborative consumption, peer-to-peer systems, and not-for-profit social enterprise heralds the emergence of a new era of human collectivity. Increasingly, this consolidation stems from an understanding that big-banner issues—such as climate change—are not the root causes of our present global predicament. There is a growing and collective view that issues such as this are actually symptoms of a much more vicious, seemingly insurmountable condition: our addiction to economic, consumption, and population growth in a world of finite resources. Nanotechnology and Global Sustainability uses nanotechnology—the product of applied scientific knowledge to control and utilize matter at atomic and molecular scales—as a lens through which to explore the interrelationship between innovation, politics, economy, and sustainability. This groundbreaking book addresses how stakeholders can actively reshape agendas to create positive and sustainable futures through this latest controversial, cross-sectoral technology. It moves beyond issues of efficiency, productivity, and utility, exploring the insights of 22 contributors from around the world, whose work spans the disciplines of science and the humanities. Their combined knowledge, reinforced with various case studies, introduces an exciting prospect—how we can innovate without economic growth. This new volume in the Perspectives in Nanotechnology series is edited by Dr. Donald Maclurcan and Dr. Natalia Radywyl. Dr. Maclurcan is a social innovator and Honorary Research Fellow with the Institute for Nanoscale Technology at the University of Technology Sydney, Australia. Dr. Radywyl is a social researcher and Honorary Research Fellow in the School of Culture and Communication at the University of Melbourne, Australia. She is also an Adjunct Research Fellow in the Faculty of Life and Social Sciences at Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne. This book is written for a wide audience and will be of particular interest to activists, scholars, policy makers, scientists, business professionals, and others who seek an understanding of how we might justly transition to sustainable societies.
Handbook of Nanoscience, Engineering, and Technology by William A. Goddard III,Donald Brenner,Sergey Edward Lyshevski,Gerald J Iafrate Pdf
In his 1959 address, "There is Plenty of Room at the Bottom," Richard P. Feynman speculated about manipulating materials atom by atom and challenged the technical community "to find ways of manipulating and controlling things on a small scale." This visionary challenge has now become a reality, with recent advances enabling atomistic-level tailoring and control of materials. Exemplifying Feynman’s vision, Handbook of Nanoscience, Engineering, and Technology, Third Edition continues to explore innovative nanoscience, engineering, and technology areas. Along with updating all chapters, this third edition extends the coverage of emerging nano areas even further. Two entirely new sections on energy and biology cover nanomaterials for energy storage devices, photovoltaics, DNA devices and assembly, digital microfluidic lab-on-a-chip, and much more. This edition also includes new chapters on nanomagnet logic, quantum transport at the nanoscale, terahertz emission from Bloch oscillator systems, molecular logic, electronic optics in graphene, and electromagnetic metamaterials. With contributions from top scientists and researchers from around the globe, this color handbook presents a unified, up-to-date account of the most promising technologies and developments in the nano field. It sets the stage for the next revolution of nanoscale manufacturing—where scalable technologies are used to manufacture large numbers of devices with complex functionalities.
Bioactivity of Engineered Nanoparticles by Bing Yan,Hongyu Zhou,Jorge L. Gardea-Torresdey Pdf
This book brings together reviews from international experts who are exploring the biological activities of nanomaterials for medical applications or to better understand nanotoxicity. Topics include but are not limited to the following: 1) mechanistic understanding of nanostructure-bioactivity relationships; 2) the regulation of nanoparticles’ bioactivity by means of chemical modification; 3) the new methodologies and standard methods used to assess nanoparticles’ bioactivity; 4) the mechanisms involved in nanoparticle-biomolecule interactions and nanoparticle-cell interactions; and 5) biomedical applications of nanotechnology. The book will be a valuable resource for a broad readership in various subfields of chemical science, engineering, biology, environment, and medicine.
CO2 Sequestration, Biofuels and Depollution by Eric Lichtfouse,Jan Schwarzbauer,Didier Robert Pdf
Water is the driving force of all nature. This old quote from Leonardo da Vinci reminds us that without water life is simply not possible. As a consequence, water is probably the most important wealth for humanity. In spite of this, drinking water is still polluted by man-made toxicals gathered by waters in soils and the atmosphere. This book presents advanced methods to clean water and air. Chapters also focus on biofuels, greenhouse gases and genetically modified crops.