Markets And People

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Markets, State, and People

Diane Coyle
Markets State and People Book PDF

Author : Diane Coyle
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2020-01-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780691189314

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Markets, State, and People by Diane Coyle Pdf

A textbook that examines how societies reach decisions about the use and allocation of economic resources While economic research emphasizes the importance of governmental institutions for growth and progress, conventional public policy textbooks tend to focus on macroeconomic policies and on tax-and-spend decisions. Markets, State, and People stresses the basics of welfare economics and the interplay between individual and collective choices. It fills a gap by showing how economic theory relates to current policy questions, with a look at incentives, institutions, and efficiency. How should resources in society be allocated for the most economically efficient outcomes, and how does this sit with society’s sense of fairness? Diane Coyle illustrates the ways economic ideas are the product of their historical context, and how events in turn shape economic thought. She includes many real-world examples of policies, both good and bad. Readers will learn that there are no panaceas for policy problems, but there is a practical set of theories and empirical findings that can help policymakers navigate dilemmas and trade-offs. The decisions faced by officials or politicians are never easy, but economic insights can clarify the choices to be made and the evidence that informs those choices. Coyle covers issues such as digital markets and competition policy, environmental policy, regulatory assessments, public-private partnerships, nudge policies, universal basic income, and much more. Markets, State, and People offers a new way of approaching public economics. A focus on markets and institutions Policy ideas in historical context Real-world examples How economic theory helps policymakers tackle dilemmas and choices

The Inner Lives of Markets

Ray Fisman,Tim Sullivan
The Inner Lives of Markets Book PDF

Author : Ray Fisman,Tim Sullivan
Publisher : PublicAffairs
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2016-06-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781610394932

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The Inner Lives of Markets by Ray Fisman,Tim Sullivan Pdf

What is a market? To most people it is a shopping center or an abstract space in which stock prices vary minutely. In reality, a market is something much more fundamental to being human, and it affects not just the price of tomatoes but the boundaries of everything we value. Reading the newspapers these days, you could be forgiven for thinking that markets are getting ever more efficient—and better. But as Tim Sullivan and Ray Fisman argue in this insightful book, that view is far from complete. For one thing, efficiency isn't always a good thing—illegal markets are very often more efficient than legal ones, because they are free of concern for laws and human rights. But even more importantly, the chatter about efficiency has obscured a much broader conversation about what kind of economic exchange we actually want. Every regulation, every sticker price, and every sale is part of an ever-changing ecosystem—one that affects us as much as we affect it. By tracing 50 years of economic thought on this subject, Fisman and Sullivan show how markets have evolved—and how we can keep making them better. This leads to fascinating and surprising insights, such as: Why your $10,000 used car is likely to sell for $2,000 or less; Why you should think twice before buying batteries on Amazon; and Why it's essential that healthy people buy medical insurance. In the end, The Inner Lives of Markets argues for a new way of thinking about how you spend your money—it shows that every transaction you make is part of a grand social experiment. We are all guinea pigs running through a lab maze, and the sooner we realize it, the more effectively we can navigate the path we want.

Consumer Demographics and Behaviour

Jo M. Martins,Farhat Yusuf,David A. Swanson
Consumer Demographics and Behaviour Book PDF

Author : Jo M. Martins,Farhat Yusuf,David A. Swanson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2011-11-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9400718551

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Consumer Demographics and Behaviour by Jo M. Martins,Farhat Yusuf,David A. Swanson Pdf

This is the book that market strategists have been waiting for to position themselves in global markets and take advantage of the opportunities that demographic bonuses and deficits offer to them and their products. It is also a book for teachers and students of consumer behaviour to grasp the importance of the life cycle as a framework that shapes the demand for goods and services determined by changes in social, economic and physical functioning. It gives insights into gendered consumer behaviour and cohort effects. It presents a range of views on consumer behaviour and how demographic perspectives enhance these perspectives. The book offers conceptual and analytical tools that can be used in the assessment of population characteristics as determinants of market size, composition and potential for a variety of products. It offers organising frameworks as well as empirical evidence of consumer behaviour in clusters of markets, with different rates of population growth and age distribution that affect consumers’ priorities and demand for basic and progressive commodities. The book shows commonalities as well as differences in consumer behaviour arising from different cultures and social customs. It uses analytical tools that are explained and accessible to readers with a range of competences. It is a book that can give a better understanding of consumer behaviour and market opportunities to the practitioner. It can also be used for the instruction of students in demography, consumer behaviour and marketing.

What Money Can't Buy

Michael J. Sandel
What Money Can t Buy Book PDF

Author : Michael J. Sandel
Publisher : Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2012-04-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781429942584

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What Money Can't Buy by Michael J. Sandel Pdf

Should we pay children to read books or to get good grades? Should we allow corporations to pay for the right to pollute the atmosphere? Is it ethical to pay people to test risky new drugs or to donate their organs? What about hiring mercenaries to fight our wars? Auctioning admission to elite universities? Selling citizenship to immigrants willing to pay? In What Money Can't Buy, Michael J. Sandel takes on one of the biggest ethical questions of our time: Is there something wrong with a world in which everything is for sale? If so, how can we prevent market values from reaching into spheres of life where they don't belong? What are the moral limits of markets? In recent decades, market values have crowded out nonmarket norms in almost every aspect of life—medicine, education, government, law, art, sports, even family life and personal relations. Without quite realizing it, Sandel argues, we have drifted from having a market economy to being a market society. Is this where we want to be?In his New York Times bestseller Justice, Sandel showed himself to be a master at illuminating, with clarity and verve, the hard moral questions we confront in our everyday lives. Now, in What Money Can't Buy, he provokes an essential discussion that we, in our market-driven age, need to have: What is the proper role of markets in a democratic society—and how can we protect the moral and civic goods that markets don't honor and that money can't buy?

Markets in the Making

Michel Callon
Markets in the Making Book PDF

Author : Michel Callon
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2021-12-07
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781942130581

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Markets in the Making by Michel Callon Pdf

Slicing through blunt theories of supply and demand, Callon presents a rigorously researched but counterintuitive model of how everyday market activity gets produced. If you’re convinced you know what a market is, think again. In his long-awaited study, French sociologist and engineer Michel Callon takes us to the heart of markets, to the unsung processes that allow innovations to become robust products and services. Markets in the Making begins with the observation that stable commercial transactions are more enigmatic, more elusive, and more involved than previously described by economic theory. Slicing through blunt theories of supply and demand, Callon presents a rigorously researched but counterintuitive model of market activity that emphasizes what people designing products or launching startups soon discover—the inherent difficulties of connecting individuals to things. Callon’s model is founded upon the notion of “singularization,” the premise that goods and services must adapt and be adapted to the local milieu of every individual whose life they enter. Person by person, thing by thing, Callon demonstrates that for ordinary economic transactions to emerge en masse, singular connections must be made. Pushing us to see markets as more than abstract interfaces where pools of anonymous buyers and sellers meet, Callon draws our attention to the exhaustively creative practices that market professionals continuously devise to entangle people and things. Markets in the Making exemplifies how prototypes, fragile curiosities that have only just been imagined, are gradually honed into predictable objects and practices. Once these are active enough to create a desired effect, yet passive enough to be transferred from one place to another without disruption, they will have successfully achieved the status of “goods” or “services.” The output of this more ample process of innovation, as redefined by Callon, is what we recognize as “the market”—commercial activity, at scale. The capstone of an influential research career at the forefront of science and technology studies, Markets in the Making coherently integrates the empirical perspective of product engineering with the values of the social sciences. After masterfully redescribing how markets are made, Callon culminates with a strong empirical argument for why markets can and should be harnessed to enact social change. His is a theory of markets that serves social critique.

Markets and People

World Bank
Markets and People Book PDF

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 173 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2020-02-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464815034

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Markets and People by World Bank Pdf

Romania’s income per capita has increased from 26 percent of the EU-28 average in 2000 to 63 percent in 2017, but this economic success rests on the wobbly foundations of unfavorable demographics, weak human capital, and ineffective institutions. Going forward, stronger competition and better human capital are critical to increasing the economy’s growth potential. Romanian manufacturing ï¬?rms are exposed to domestic and international competition, ensuring the flow of resources and market shares to more efï¬?cient players. This has not been the case for services, where anticompetitive regulations and direct state control often limit efï¬?ciency gains. Romanian state-owned enterprises do not compete on an equal footing with private sector ï¬?rms, distorting market outcomes and hampering the efï¬?cient allocation of resources. Removal of these restrictions would have a signiï¬?cant positive impact on GDP growth. Competitively neutral policies are needed to ensure that all enterprises, public or private, domestic or foreign, face the same set of rules. Romania’s human capital accumulation--proxied by the World Bank’s Human Capital Index (HCI)--is the lowest in the European Union and varies widely across counties. Disparities in education outcomes remain relevant across and within regions of Romania. Learning gaps in primary and secondary education persist. These can be seen clearly between urban and rural areas, across regions, and across social groups, requiring changes both at the systems level and at the learning-center level. In the labor market, the automation of production processes has started driving demand for higher levels of cognitive skills, while jobs involving the routine application of procedural knowledge are shrinking in number. A paradigm shift would require reforms in primary and secondary schooling, in addition to more targeted actions, to establish an effective skills development system to bolster human capital.

Free People, Free Markets

George Melloan
Free People Free Markets Book PDF

Author : George Melloan
Publisher : Encounter Books
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2017-07-11
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9781594039324

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Free People, Free Markets by George Melloan Pdf

This book is about how the Wall Street Journal's opinion pages became the leading forum for the discussion of political and economic policies in the US. The Wall Street Journal also is international, with print editions in Europe and Asia, translated supplements in many foreign newspapers and online products available globally. The opinions on its pages are thus also part of an international debate. This book goes back to the original editorials of Charles Dow and his beliefs in political and economic freedom, to explain how the Journal attained such prominence and influence.

Money, Markets, and Sovereignty

Benn Steil,Manuel Hinds
Money Markets and Sovereignty Book PDF

Author : Benn Steil,Manuel Hinds
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2009-04-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780300156140

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Money, Markets, and Sovereignty by Benn Steil,Manuel Hinds Pdf

Winner of the 2010 Hayek Book Prize given by the Manhattan Institute "Money, Markets and Sovereignty is a surprisingly easy read, given the complicated issues covered. In it, Mr. Steil and Mr. Hinds consistently challenge today's statist nostrums."—Doug Bandow, The Washington Times In this keenly argued book, Benn Steil and Manuel Hinds offer the most powerful defense of economic liberalism since F. A. Hayek published The Road to Serfdom more than sixty years ago. The authors present a fascinating intellectual history of monetary nationalism from the ancient world to the present and explore why, in its modern incarnation, it represents the single greatest threat to globalization. Steil and Hinds describe the current state of international economic relations as both unusual and precarious. Eras of economic protectionism have historically coincided with monetary nationalism, while eras of liberal trade have been accompanied by a universal monetary standard. But today, the authors show, an unprecedentedly liberal global trade regime operates side by side with the most extreme doctrine of monetary nationalism ever contrived—a situation bound to trigger periodic crises. Steil and Hinds call for a revival of the political and economic thinking that underlay earlier great periods of globalization, thinking that is increasingly under threat by more recent ideas about what sovereignty means.

The Illusion of Free Markets

Bernard E. Harcourt
The Illusion of Free Markets Book PDF

Author : Bernard E. Harcourt
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2012-11-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780674971325

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The Illusion of Free Markets by Bernard E. Harcourt Pdf

It is widely believed today that the free market is the best mechanism ever invented to efficiently allocate resources in society. Just as fundamental as faith in the free market is the belief that government has a legitimate and competent role in policing and the punishment arena. This curious incendiary combination of free market efficiency and the Big Brother state has become seemingly obvious, but it hinges on the illusion of a supposedly natural order in the economic realm. The Illusion of Free Markets argues that our faith in “free markets” has severely distorted American politics and punishment practices. Bernard Harcourt traces the birth of the idea of natural order to eighteenth-century economic thought and reveals its gradual evolution through the Chicago School of economics and ultimately into today’s myth of the free market. The modern category of “liberty” emerged in reaction to an earlier, integrated vision of punishment and public economy, known in the eighteenth century as “police.” This development shaped the dominant belief today that competitive markets are inherently efficient and should be sharply demarcated from a government-run penal sphere. This modern vision rests on a simple but devastating illusion. Superimposing the political categories of “freedom” or “discipline” on forms of market organization has the unfortunate effect of obscuring rather than enlightening. It obscures by making both the free market and the prison system seem natural and necessary. In the process, it facilitated the birth of the penitentiary system in the nineteenth century and its ultimate culmination into mass incarceration today.

Reinventing the Bazaar: A Natural History of Markets

John McMillan
Reinventing the Bazaar A Natural History of Markets Book PDF

Author : John McMillan
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2003-10-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780393323719

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Reinventing the Bazaar: A Natural History of Markets by John McMillan Pdf

McMillan takes readers on a lively tour, from the wild swings of the stock market to the online auctions of eBay to the unexpected twists of the world's post-communist economies.

Moral Markets

Paul J. Zak
Moral Markets Book PDF

Author : Paul J. Zak
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2010-12-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781400837366

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Moral Markets by Paul J. Zak Pdf

Like nature itself, modern economic life is driven by relentless competition and unbridled selfishness. Or is it? Drawing on converging evidence from neuroscience, social science, biology, law, and philosophy, Moral Markets makes the case that modern market exchange works only because most people, most of the time, act virtuously. Competition and greed are certainly part of economics, but Moral Markets shows how the rules of market exchange have evolved to promote moral behavior and how exchange itself may make us more virtuous. Examining the biological basis of economic morality, tracing the connections between morality and markets, and exploring the profound implications of both, Moral Markets provides a surprising and fundamentally new view of economics--one that also reconnects the field to Adam Smith's position that morality has a biological basis. Moral Markets, the result of an extensive collaboration between leading social and natural scientists, includes contributions by neuroeconomist Paul Zak; economists Robert H. Frank, Herbert Gintis, Vernon Smith (winner of the 2002 Nobel Prize in economics), and Bart Wilson; law professors Oliver Goodenough, Erin O'Hara, and Lynn Stout; philosophers William Casebeer and Robert Solomon; primatologists Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal; biologists Carl Bergstrom, Ben Kerr, and Peter Richerson; anthropologists Robert Boyd and Michael Lachmann; political scientists Elinor Ostrom and David Schwab; management professor Rakesh Khurana; computational science and informatics doctoral candidate Erik Kimbrough; and business writer Charles Handy.

Markets Never Forget (But People Do)

Kenneth L. Fisher
Markets Never Forget But People Do Book PDF

Author : Kenneth L. Fisher
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2011-11-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781118091548

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Markets Never Forget (But People Do) by Kenneth L. Fisher Pdf

Sir John Templeton, legendary investor, was famous for saying, "The four most dangerous words in investing are, 'This time it's different.'" He knew that though history doesn't repeat, not exactly, history is an excellent guide for investors. In Markets Never Forget But People Do: How Your Memory Is Costing You Money and Why This Time Isn't Different, long-time Forbes columnist, CEO of Fisher Investments, and 4-time New York Times bestselling author Ken Fisher shows how and why investors' memories fail them—and how costly that can be. More important, he shows steps investors can take to begin reducing errors they repeatedly make. The past is never indicative of the future, but history can be one powerful guide in shaping forward looking expectations. Readers can learn how to see the world more clearly—and learn to make fewer errors—by understanding just a bit of investing past.

People before Markets

Daniel Scott Souleles,Johan Gersel,Morten Sørensen Thaning
People before Markets Book PDF

Author : Daniel Scott Souleles,Johan Gersel,Morten Sørensen Thaning
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 499 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2022-11-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781009205269

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People before Markets by Daniel Scott Souleles,Johan Gersel,Morten Sørensen Thaning Pdf

This innovative volume presents twenty comparative case studies of important global questions, such as 'Where should our food come from?' 'What should we do about climate change?' and 'Where should innovation come from?' A variety of solutions are proposed and compared, including market-based, economic, and neoliberal approaches, as well as those determined by humane values and ethical and socially responsible perspectives. Drawing on original research, its chapters show that more responsible solutions are very often both more effective and better aligned with human values. Providing an important counterpoint to the standard capitalist thinking propounded in business school education, People Before Markets reveals the problematic assumptions of incumbent frameworks for solving global problems and inspires the next generation of business and social science students to pursue more effective and human-centered solutions.

The Inner Lives of Markets

Raymond Fisman,Tim Sullivan
The Inner Lives of Markets Book PDF

Author : Raymond Fisman,Tim Sullivan
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Consumer behavior
ISBN : 1444788604

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The Inner Lives of Markets by Raymond Fisman,Tim Sullivan Pdf

What is a market? To most people it is a shopping center or an abstract space in which stock prices vary minutely. In reality, a market is something much more fundamental to being human, and it affects not just the price of tomatoes but the boundaries of everything we value. Reading the newspapers these days, you could be forgiven for thinking that markets are getting ever more efficient--and better. But as Tim Sullivan and Ray Fisman argue in this insightful book, that view is far from complete. For one thing, efficiency isn't always a good thing--illegal markets are very often more efficient than legal ones, because they are free of concern for laws and human rights. But even more importantly, the chatter about efficiency has obscured a much broader conversation about what kind of economic exchange we actually want. Every regulation, every sticker price, and every sale is part of an ever-changing ecosystem--one that affects us as much as we affect it. By tracing 50 years of economic thought on this subject, Fisman and Sullivan show how markets have evolved--and how we can keep making them better. This leads to fascinating and surprising insights, such as: Why your $10,000 used car is likely to sell for $2,000 or less; Why you should think twice before buying batteries on Amazon; and Why it's essential that healthy people buy medical insurance. In the end, The Inner Lives of Markets argues for a new way of thinking about how you spend your money--it shows that every transaction you make is part of a grand social experiment. We are all guinea pigs running through a lab maze, and the sooner we realize it, the more effectively we can navigate the path we want.

Prices, Products, and People

Gregory J. Scott
Prices Products and People Book PDF

Author : Gregory J. Scott
Publisher : Lynne Rienner Publishers
Page : 524 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1555876099

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Prices, Products, and People by Gregory J. Scott Pdf

The authors go beyond the traditional presentation of economic principles, offering instead a series of applied methods for data collection and analysis. Drawing on extensive experience in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, they not only describe specific procedures, but also provide a wealth of illustrative research results. This book will be particularly useful to teaching professionals, development specialists, and applied researchers working in developing countries.