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Handbook of Materials Characterization by Surender Kumar Sharma Pdf
This book focuses on the widely used experimental techniques available for the structural, morphological, and spectroscopic characterization of materials. Recent developments in a wide range of experimental techniques and their application to the quantification of materials properties are an essential side of this book. Moreover, it provides concise but thorough coverage of the practical and theoretical aspects of the analytical techniques used to characterize a wide variety of functional nanomaterials. The book provides an overview of widely used characterization techniques for a broad audience: from beginners and graduate students, to advanced specialists in both academia and industry.
This book covers state-of-the-art techniques commonly used in modern materials characterization. Two important aspects of characterization, materials structures and chemical analysis, are included. Widely used techniques, such as metallography (light microscopy), X-ray diffraction, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, are described. In addition, the book introduces advanced techniques, including scanning probe microscopy. The second half of the book accordingly presents techniques such as X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (commonly equipped in the scanning electron microscope), fluorescence X-ray spectroscopy, and popular surface analysis techniques (XPS and SIMS). Finally, vibrational spectroscopy (FTIR and Raman) and thermal analysis are also covered.
Materials Characterization Using Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Methods by Gerhard Huebschen,Iris Altpeter,Ralf Tschuncky,Hans-Georg Herrmann Pdf
Materials Characterization Using Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Methods discusses NDT methods and how they are highly desirable for both long-term monitoring and short-term assessment of materials, providing crucial early warning that the fatigue life of a material has elapsed, thus helping to prevent service failures. Materials Characterization Using Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Methods gives an overview of established and new NDT techniques for the characterization of materials, with a focus on materials used in the automotive, aerospace, power plants, and infrastructure construction industries. Each chapter focuses on a different NDT technique and indicates the potential of the method by selected examples of applications. Methods covered include scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray microtomography and diffraction, ultrasonic, electromagnetic, microwave, and hybrid techniques. The authors review both the determination of microstructure properties, including phase content and grain size, and the determination of mechanical properties, such as hardness, toughness, yield strength, texture, and residual stress. Gives an overview of established and new NDT techniques, including scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray microtomography and diffraction, ultrasonic, electromagnetic, microwave, and hybrid techniques Reviews the determination of microstructural and mechanical properties Focuses on materials used in the automotive, aerospace, power plants, and infrastructure construction industries Serves as a highly desirable resource for both long-term monitoring and short-term assessment of materials
Materials Characterisation by D.O. Northwood,T. Rang,J. De Hossen,C. A. Brebbia Pdf
Containing selected papers on Materials Characterisation this volume presents the latest research in the field. Material and contact characterisation is a rapidly advancing field that requires the application of a combination of numerical and experimental methods. Contributions come from both industry and research communities using computational methods and performing experiments. Demand for high quality production from both industry and consumers has led to rapid developments in materials science and engineering. Current research is focussed on modification technologies that can increase the surface durability of materials. The characteristics of the system reveal which surface engineering methods should be chosen and as a consequence it is essential to study the combination of surface treatment and contact mechanics. The accurate characterisation of the physical and chemical properties of materials requires the application of both experimental techniques and computer simulation methods in order to gain a correct analysis. A very wide range of materials, starting with metals through polymers and semiconductors to composites, necessitates a whole spectrum of characteristic experimental techniques and research methods. The papers in this book examine various combinations of techniques across various topics.
Materials Characterisation IV by Andrea Alberto Mammoli,C. A. Brebbia Pdf
Until recently, engineering materials could be characterised successfully using relatively simple testing procedures. As materials technology advances, interest is growing in materials possessing complex meso-, micro- and nano-structures, which to a large extent determine their physical properties and behaviour. The purposes of materials modelling are many - optimisation, investigation of failure, simulation of production processes, to name a few. Modelling and characterisation are closely intertwined, increasingly so as the complexity of the material increases. Characterisation, in essence, is the connection between the abstract material model and the real-world behaviour of the material in question. Characterisation of complex materials therefore may require a combination of experimental techniques and computation. This book contains papers from the Fourth International Conference on Computational Methods and Experiments in Materials Characterisation which brought researchers who use computational methods, those who perform experiments, and of course those who do both, in all areas of materials characterisation, to discuss their recent results and ideas, in order to foster the multidisciplinary approach that has become necessary for the study of complex phenomena.
Materials Characterisation Five by Andrea Alberto Mammoli,C. A. Brebbia,Agnieszka Klemm Pdf
Until recently, engineering materials could be characterized successfully using relatively simple testing procedures. However, advanced materials technology has led to the development of materials with complex meso-, micro- and nano-structures that can no longer be characterised with simple testing procedures. Materials modelling and characterisation have become ever more closely intertwined. Characterisation, in essence, connects the abstract material model with the real-world behaviour of the material in question. Characterisation of complex materials often requires a combination of experimental and computational techniques. This book contains papers to be presented at the Fifth International Conference, convened to facilitate the sharing of recent work between researchers who use computational methods, those who perform experiments, and those who do both, in all areas of materials characterisation. The papers cover such topics as: Advances in composites; Thermal analysis; Nano-materials; Damage mechanics; Computational models and experiments; Mechanical characterisation and testing; Nano-composites; Energy materials; Chemo-mechanical problems; Innovative experiments; Recycled materials; and Corrosion problems.
Materials Characterisation VI by C. A. Brebbia,A. Klemm Pdf
This book contains papers to be presented at the Sixth International Conference on the topic. Materials modelling and characterisation have become ever more closely intertwined. Characterisation, in essence, connects the abstract material model with the real-world behaviour of the material in question. Characterisation of complex materials often requires a combination of experimental and computational techniques. The conference is convened biennially to facilitate the sharing of recent work between researchers who use computational methods, those who perform experiments, and those who do both, in all areas of materials characterisation.The papers cover such topics as: Computational models and experiments; Mechanical characterisation and testing; Micro and macro materials characterisation; Corrosion problems; Innovative experimental technologies; Recycled materials; Thermal analysis; Advances in composites; Cementitious materials; Structural health monitoring; Energy materials.
Materials Characterisation VII by C.A. Brebbia Pdf
Containing papers presented at the Seventh International Conference on Materials Characterisation, this book presents the latest advances in a rapidly developing field that requires the application of a combination of numerical and experimental methods. The work has been contributed by researchers who use computational methods, those who perform experiments, and those who combine both. Materials characterisation is important to ensuring that new products meet the needs of industry and consumers. The accurate characterisation of the physical and chemical properties of the materials requires the application of both experimental techniques and computer simulation methods. The wide range of materials now available, from metals to polymers and semiconductors to composites, necessitates a variety of experimental techniques and numerical methods. The papers in the book examine various combinations of techniques. The papers cover such topics as: Mechanical Characterisation and Testing; Micro and Macro Materials Characterisation; Cementitious Materials; Advances in Composites; Semiconductor Materials Characterisation; Computational Models and Experiments; Corrosion Problems.
Characterization of Materials by John Wiley & Sons Inc Pdf
"A thoroughly updated and expanded new edition, this work features a logical, detailed, and self-contained coverage of the latest materials characterization techniques. Reflecting the enormous progress in the field since the last edition, this book details a variety of new powerful and accessible tools, improvements in methods arising from new instrumentation and approaches to sample preparation, and characterization techniques for new types of materials, such as nanomaterials. Researchers in materials science and related fields will be able to identify and apply the most appropriate method in their work"--
Physical Methods for Materials Characterisation by Peter E. J. Flewitt,Robert K. Wild Pdf
This completely revised and expanded new edition covers the full range of techniques now available for the investigation of materials structure and accurate quantitative determination of microstructural features within materials. It continues to provide the best introductory resource for understanding the interrelationship between microstructure and physical, mechanical, and chemical properties, as well as selection and application of techniques for both basic and applied studies. In particular, changes have been made to reflect developments in analysis of nanoscale and biological materials.
Materials Characterisation and Mechanism of Micro-Cutting in Ultra-Precision Diamond Turning by Sandy Suet To,Hao Wang,Wing Bing Lee Pdf
This book presents an in-depth study and elucidation on the mechanisms of the micro-cutting process, with particular emphasis and a novel viewpoint on materials characterization and its influences on ultra-precision machining. Ultra-precision single point diamond turning is a key technology in the manufacture of mechanical, optical and opto-electronics components with a surface roughness of a few nanometers and form accuracy in the sub-micrometric range. In the context of subtractive manufacturing, ultra-precision diamond turning is based on the pillars of materials science, machine tools, modeling and simulation technologies, etc., making the study of such machining processes intrinsically interdisciplinary. However, in contrast to the substantial advances that have been achieved in machine design, laser metrology and control systems, relatively little research has been conducted on the material behavior and its effects on surface finish, such as the material anisotropy of crystalline materials. The feature of the significantly reduced depth of cut on the order of a few micrometers or less, which is much smaller than the average grain size of work-piece materials, unavoidably means that conventional metal cutting theories can only be of limited value in the investigation of the mechanisms at work in micro-cutting processes in ultra-precision diamond turning.
Materials Characterization Techniques by Sam Zhang,Lin Li,Ashok Kumar Pdf
Experts must be able to analyze and distinguish all materials, or combinations of materials, in use today-whether they be metals, ceramics, polymers, semiconductors, or composites. To understand a material's structure, how that structure determines its properties, and how that material will subsequently work in technological applications, researche
Material Characterization Techniques and Applications by Euth Ortiz Ortega,Hamed Hosseinian,Ingrid Berenice Aguilar Meza,María José Rosales López,Andrea Rodríguez Vera,Samira Hosseini Pdf
This book presents commonly applied characterization techniques in material science, their brief history and origins, mechanism of operation, advantages and disadvantages, their biosensing applications, and troubleshooting for each technique, while addressing the challenges researchers face when working with these techniques. The book dedicates its focus to identifying physicochemical and electrochemical nature of materials including analyses of morphology, mass spectrometry, and topography, as well as the characterization of elemental, structural, thermal, wettability, electrochemical, and chromatography properties. Additionally, the main features and benefits of using coupled characterization techniques are discussed in this book.
X-ray Characterization of Materials by Eric Lifshin Pdf
Linking of materials properties with microstructures is a fundamental theme in materials science, for which a detailed knowledge of the modern characterization techniques is essential. Since modern materials such as high-temperature alloys, engineering thermoplastics and multilayer semiconductor films have many elemental constituents distributed in more than one phase, characterization is essential to the systematic development of such new materials and understanding how they behave in practical applications. X-ray techniques play a major role in providing information on the elemental composition and crystal and grain structures of all types of materials. The challenge to the materials characterization expert is to understand how specific instruments and analytical techniques can provide detailed information about what makes each material unique. The challenge to the materials scientist, chemist, or engineer is to know what information is needed to fully characterize each material and how to use this information to explain its behavior, develop new and improved properties, reduce costs, or ensure compliance with regulatory requirements. This comprehensive handbook presents all the necessary background to understand the applications of X-ray analysis to materials characterization with particular attention to the modern approach to these methods.
An Introduction to Beam Physics by Martin Berz,Kyoko Makino,Weishi Wan Pdf
The field of beam physics touches many areas of physics, engineering, and the sciences. In general terms, beams describe ensembles of particles with initial conditions similar enough to be treated together as a group so that the motion is a weakly nonlinear perturbation of a chosen reference particle. Particle beams are used in a variety of areas, ranging from electron microscopes, particle spectrometers, medical radiation facilities, powerful light sources, and astrophysics to large synchrotrons and storage rings such as the LHC at CERN. An Introduction to Beam Physics is based on lectures given at Michigan State University’s Department of Physics and Astronomy, the online VUBeam program, the U.S. Particle Accelerator School, the CERN Academic Training Programme, and various other venues. It is accessible to beginning graduate and upper-division undergraduate students in physics, mathematics, and engineering. The book begins with a historical overview of methods for generating and accelerating beams, highlighting important advances through the eyes of their developers using their original drawings. The book then presents concepts of linear beam optics, transfer matrices, the general equations of motion, and the main techniques used for single- and multi-pass systems. Some advanced nonlinear topics, including the computation of aberrations and a study of resonances, round out the presentation.