Measurement Methods In Atmospheric Sciences

Author : Stefan Emeis
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Atmosphere
ISBN : 3443010660

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Measurement Methods in Atmospheric Sciences by Stefan Emeis Pdf

'Measurement Methods in Atmospheric Sciences provides a comprehensive overview of in-situ and remote sensing measurement techniques for probing the Earth's atmosphere. The methods presented in this book span the entire range from classical meteorology via atmospheric chemistry and micrometeorological fiux determination to Earth observation from space. Standard instruments for meteorological and air quality monitoring methods, as well as specialized instrumentation predominantly used in scientific experiments, are covered. The presented techniques run from simple mechanical sensors to highly sophisticated electronic devices. Special emphasis is on the rapidly evolving field of remote sensing techniques. Here, active ground-based remote sending techniques such as SODAR and LIDAR find a detailed coverage. The book conveys the basic principles of the various observational and monitoring methods, enabling the user to identify the most appropriate method. An introductory chapter covers general principles (e. g. inversion of measured data, available platforms, statistical properties of data, data acquisition). Later chapters each treat methods for measuring a specific property (e.g. humidity, wind speed, wind direction). Long chapters provide an introductory tabular list of the methods treated. More than 100 figures and 400 references, mostly to the recent scientific literature, aid the reader in reading up on the details of the various methods at hand. Recommendations at the end of each major chapter provide additional hints on the use of some instruments in order to facilitate the selection of the proper instrument for a successful measurement. A large number of national and international standards, providing precise guidelines for measuring and acquiring reliable, reproducible and comparable data sets are listed in the appendix. A dedicated index allows easy access to this valuable information. The book addresses undergraduate and graduate students in meteorological and atmospheric sciences, physical geography, ecology, environmental sciences, agriculture and related disciplines as well as scientists in the process of planning atmospheric measurements in field campaigns or working with data already acquired. Practitioners in environmental agencies and similar institutions will benefit from instrument descriptions and the extended lists in the appendix.' (Publisher)

Author : Dwayne Heard
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2008-04-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781405171441

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Analytical Techniques for Atmospheric Measurement by Dwayne Heard Pdf

Almost all of the breakthroughs in understanding the atmospherehave been initiated by field observations, using a range ofinstrumental techniques. Developing or deploying instruments tomake further observations demands a thorough understanding of thechemical and spectroscopic principles on which such measurementsdepend. Written as an authoritative guide to the techniques of instrumentalmeasurement for the atmospheric scientist, research student orundergraduate, Analytical Techniques for Atmospheric Measurementfocuses on the instruments used to make real time measurements ofatmospheric gas and aerosol composition. Topics covered include howthey work, their strengths and weaknesses for a particular task,the platforms on which they have been deployed and how they arecalibrated. It explains the fundamental principles upon which theinstrumental techniques are based (ie what property of a moleculecan be exploited to enable its detection), what limits instrumentalsensitivity and accuracy, and the information that can be gainedfrom their use.

Author : Manfred Wendisch,Jean-Louis Brenguier
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 659 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783527653232

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Airborne Measurements for Environmental Research by Manfred Wendisch,Jean-Louis Brenguier Pdf

This first comprehensive review of airborne measurement principles covers all atmospheric components and surface parameters. It describes the common techniques to characterize aerosol particles and cloud/precipitation elements, while also explaining radiation quantities and pertinent hyperspectral and active remote sensing measurement techniques along the way. As a result, the major principles of operation are introduced and exemplified using specific instruments, treating both classic and emerging measurement techniques. The two editors head an international community of eminent scientists, all of them accepted and experienced specialists in their field, who help readers to understand specific problems related to airborne research, such as immanent uncertainties and limitations. They also provide guidance on the suitability of instruments to measure certain parameters and to select the correct type of device. While primarily intended for climate, geophysical and atmospheric researchers, its relevance to solar system objects makes this work equally appealing to astronomers studying atmospheres of solar system bodies with telescopes and space probes.

Author : Thomas Foken
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 1761 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2021-11-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030521714

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Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements by Thomas Foken Pdf

This practical handbook provides a clearly structured, concise and comprehensive account of the huge variety of atmospheric and related measurements relevant to meteorologists and for the purpose of weather forecasting and climate research, but also to the practitioner in the wider field of environmental physics and ecology. The Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements is divided into six parts: The first part offers instructive descriptions of the basics of atmospheric measurements and the multitude of their influencing factors, fundamentals of quality control and standardization, as well as equations and tables of atmospheric, water, and soil quantities. The subsequent parts present classical in-situ measurements as well as remote sensing techniques from both ground-based as well as airborn or satellite-based methods. The next part focusses on complex measurements and methods that integrate different techniques to establish more holistic data. Brief discussions of measurements in soils and water, at plants, in urban and rural environments and for renewable energies demonstrate the potential of such applications. The final part provides an overview of atmospheric and ecological networks. Written by distinguished experts from academia and industry, each of the 64 chapters provides in-depth discussions of the available devices with their specifications, aspects of quality control, maintenance as well as their potential for the future. A large number of thoroughly compiled tables of physical quantities, sensors and system characteristics make this handbook a unique, universal and useful reference for the practitioner and absolutely essential for researchers, students, and technicians.

Author : Marc Aubinet,Timo Vesala,Dario Papale
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 451 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2012-01-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400723511

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Eddy Covariance by Marc Aubinet,Timo Vesala,Dario Papale Pdf

This highly practical handbook is an exhaustive treatment of eddy covariance measurement that will be of keen interest to scientists who are not necessarily specialists in micrometeorology. The chapters cover measuring fluxes using eddy covariance technique, from the tower installation and system dimensioning to data collection, correction and analysis. With a state-of-the-art perspective, the authors examine the latest techniques and address the most up-to-date methods for data processing and quality control. The chapters provide answers to data treatment problems including data filtering, footprint analysis, data gap filling, uncertainty evaluation, and flux separation, among others. The authors cover the application of measurement techniques in different ecosystems such as forest, crops, grassland, wetland, lakes and rivers, and urban areas, highlighting peculiarities, specific practices and methods to be considered. The book also covers what to do when you have all your data, summarizing the objectives of a database as well as using case studies of the CarboEurope and FLUXNET databases to demonstrate the way they should be maintained and managed. Policies for data use, exchange and publication are also discussed and proposed. This one compendium is a valuable source of information on eddy covariance measurement that allows readers to make rational and relevant choices in positioning, dimensioning, installing and maintaining an eddy covariance site; collecting, treating, correcting and analyzing eddy covariance data; and scaling up eddy flux measurements to annual scale and evaluating their uncertainty.

Author : Pramod Kulkarni,Paul A. Baron,Klaus Willeke
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1497 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2011-09-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118001677

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Aerosol Measurement by Pramod Kulkarni,Paul A. Baron,Klaus Willeke Pdf

Aerosol Measurement: Principles, Techniques, and Applications Third Edition is the most detailed treatment available of the latest aerosol measurement methods. Drawing on the know-how of numerous expert contributors; it provides a solid grasp of measurement fundamentals and practices a wide variety of aerosol applications. This new edition is updated to address new and developing applications of aerosol measurement, including applications in environmental health, atmospheric science, climate change, air pollution, public health, nanotechnology, particle and powder technology, pharmaceutical research and development, clean room technology (integrated circuit manufacture), and nuclear waste management.

Author : Paul I. Palmer
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 153 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Atmosphere
ISBN : 9780198722038

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The Atmosphere by Paul I. Palmer Pdf

In this Very Short introduction Paul Palmer looks at the structure and basic physics and chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere, comparing it to the atmospheres of other planets, particularly our neighbours, Venus and Mars. Palmer looks at the effects of pollutants and climate change, and what may happen to our atmosphere in the future.

Author : Thomas Foken
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2024-07-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783031475269

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Micrometeorology by Thomas Foken Pdf

Author : Dorothy Rambola
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2016-05-25
Category : Atmosphere
ISBN : 1682860140

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Atmospheric Measurement Techniques by Dorothy Rambola Pdf

The study of the earth's atmosphere is a complex phenomena. It includes not just weather but also the diverse processes and interactions that occur within the atmosphere as well as with other ecological systems. The aim of this book is to present and elaborate discussion on the current and proposed atmospheric measurement techniques. It brings forth the latest innovations in this field and their applications in understanding atmospheric processes. This book will serve as a vital tool in facilitating the progress of this field.

Author : Giles Harrison
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2015-01-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118745809

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Meteorological Measurements and Instrumentation by Giles Harrison Pdf

This book describes the fundamental scientific principles underlying high quality instrumentation used for environmental measurements. It discusses a wide range of in situ sensors employed in practical environmental monitoring and, in particular, those used in surface based measurement systems. It also considers the use of weather balloons to provide a wealth of upper atmosphere data. To illustrate the technologies in use it includes many examples of real atmospheric measurements in typical and unusual circumstances, with a discussion of the electronic signal conditioning, data acquisition considerations and data processing principles necessary for reliable measurements. This also allows the long history of atmospheric measurements to be placed in the context of the requirements of modern climate science, by building the physical science appreciation of the instrumental record and looking forward to new and emerging sensor and recording technologies.

Author : F. Dobson,L. Hasse,R. Davis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 797 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461591825

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Air-Sea Interaction by F. Dobson,L. Hasse,R. Davis Pdf

During the past decade, man's centuries-old interest in marine me teorology and oceanography has broadened. Ocean and atmosphere are now treated as coupled parts of one system; the resulting interest in air-sea interaction problems has led to a rapid growth in the sophistication of instruments and measurement techniques. This book has been designed as a reference text which describes, albng with the instruments themselves, the accumulated practical experi ence of experts engaged in field observations of air-sea interac tions. It is meant to supplement rather than replace manuals on standard routine observations or instnunentation handbooks. At the inception a textbook was planned, which would contain only well tested methods and instruments. It was quickly discovered that for the book to be useful many devices and techniques would have to be included which are still evolving rapidly. The reader is therefore cautioned to take nothing in these pages for granted. Certainly, every contributor is an expert, but while some are back ed up by generations of published work, others are pioneers. The choice of topics, of course, is debatable. The types of observa tions included are not exhaustive and topics such as marine aero sols and radio-tracers are omitted, as was the general subject of remote sensing, which was felt to be too broad and evol ving too rapidly. The guideline adopted in limiting size was maximum use fulness to 'a trained experimentalist new to the field'.

Author : Xuhui Lee,William Massman,Beverly Law
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2006-01-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402022654

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Handbook of Micrometeorology by Xuhui Lee,William Massman,Beverly Law Pdf

The Handbook of Micrometeorology is the most up-to-date reference for micrometeorological issues and methods related to the eddy covariance technique for estimating mass and energy exchange between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere. It provides useful insight for interpreting estimates of mass and energy exchange and understanding the role of the terrestrial biosphere in global environmental change.

Author : Heikki Torvela
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781447134824

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Measurement of Atmospheric Emissions by Heikki Torvela Pdf

Due to the threat of a possible global climate change and the greenhouse effect caused by constituents of anthropogenic origin in the atmosphere, air quality has become a major environmental issue. As a consequence, emissions into the atmosphere need to be monitored and controlled. Measurement of Atmospheric Emissions presents technologies for emission control and analysis from industrial and energy plants. The author explains the physical and chemical basis before proceeding to the practical performance. This publication provides the reader with the knowledge necessary to critically analyze and investigate emission measurement techniques. It will be of great interest to researchers and engineers in the fields of environmental technology and air pollution control. It will assist in the choice of the most appropriate instruments for various purposes and circumstances.

Author : C. Nick Hewitt,Andrea V. Jackson
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 648 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2008-04-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780470999301

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Handbook of Atmospheric Science by C. Nick Hewitt,Andrea V. Jackson Pdf

The alarming consequences of global climate change have highlighted the need to take urgent steps to combat the causes of air pollution. Hence, understanding the Earth's atmosphere is a vital component in Man's emerging quest for developing sustainable modes of behaviour in the 21st century. Written by a team of expert scientists, the Handbook of Atmospheric Science provides a broad and up-to-date account of our understanding of the natural processes that occur within the atmosphere. It examines how Man’s activities have had a detrimental effect on the climate, and how measures may be implemented in order to modify these activities. The book progresses through chapters covering the principles of atmospheric science and the current problems of air pollution at the urban, regional and global scales, to the tools and applications used to understand air pollution. The Handbook of Atmospheric Science offers an excellent overview of this multi-disciplinary subject and will prove invaluable to both students and researchers of atmospheric science, air pollution and global change.

Author : J. C. Kaimal,J. J. Finnigan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1994-01-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780195362770

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Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flows by J. C. Kaimal,J. J. Finnigan Pdf

Boundary layer meteorology is the study of the physical processes that take place in the layer of air that is most influenced by the earth's underlying surface. This text/reference gives an uncomplicated view of the structure of the boundary layer, the instruments available for measuring its mean and turbulent properties, how best to make the measurements, and ways to process and analyze the data. The main applications of the book are in atmospheric modelling, wind engineering, air pollution, and agricultural meteorology. The authors have pioneered research on atmospheric turbulence and flow, and are noted for their contributions to the study of the boundary layer. This important work will interest atmospheric scientists, meteorologists, and students and faculty in these fields.