Metabolic Responses And Adaptations To Exercise

Author : Simone Luti,Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis,Tania Gamberi,Cristina Vassalle,Alessio Pellegrino
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 123 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2024-05-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832549124

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Metabolic Responses and Adaptations to Exercise by Simone Luti,Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis,Tania Gamberi,Cristina Vassalle,Alessio Pellegrino Pdf

Worldwide, individuals are living longer. As such, the number of older adults in society is increasing. By 2050, it is estimated that there will be more than two billion individuals aged over 60. This aging population is associated with an anticipated increase in the burden of the leading causes of death in modern societies, including chronic and degenerative diseases that are largely driven by age-related declines in physiological function. Physical activity is an essential regulator of energy homeostasis and helps improve metabolic health. In fact, it is well known that regular exercise lowers the risk of a broad variety of health problems, such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer in the aged. The beneficial effect of exercise is particularly evident in older people, but it is present in all stages of life, from children to the elderly. In this regard, regular exercise and physical activity are considered key first line strategies for a healthy life.

Author : Henrik Galbo
Publisher : Thieme Medical Publishers
Page : 140 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Adaptation (Physiology)
ISBN : UCLA:31158010082971

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Hormonal and Metabolic Adaptation to Exercise by Henrik Galbo Pdf

Author : F. Lanfranco,C.J. Strasburger
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2016-06-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783318058697

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Sports Endocrinology by F. Lanfranco,C.J. Strasburger Pdf

This book is an up-to-date, extensive overview of the effects of physical activity and training on endocrine function. It gives insights into a complex relationship by describing effects with respect to exercise performance, growth, development, and ageing. It includes discussions of the endocrine response depending on exercise mode, intensity, and duration as well as on gender, age, and fitness level. Additionally the book deals with the impact of environmental and psychological factors on endocrine level. A substantial part of Sports Endocrinology is devoted to the 'hot topic' of hormonal doping in sports. The properties of androgens, growth hormone, erythropoietin, and dietary supplements are highlighted. The use and abuse among professional and recreational athletes is discussed and specific methods of detection are presented and explained. All contributors are well-known experts in sports medicine and endocrinology, endocrine physiology, pharmacology, and doping detection, so this book is a must-read for every professional involved in the field.

Author : Bruce Spiegelman
Publisher : Springer
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2018-03-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319727905

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Hormones, Metabolism and the Benefits of Exercise by Bruce Spiegelman Pdf

The world is faced with an epidemic of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. This is due to changes in dietary habits and the decrease in physical activity. Exercise is usually part of the prescription, the first line of defense, to prevent or treat metabolic disorders. However, we are still learning how and why exercise provides metabolic benefits in human health. This open access volume focuses on the cellular and molecular pathways that link exercise, muscle biology, hormones and metabolism. This will include novel “myokines” that might act as new therapeutic agents in the future.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Military Nutrition Research
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 560 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1994-02-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309050883

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Food Components to Enhance Performance by Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Military Nutrition Research Pdf

The physiological or psychological stresses that employees bring to their workplace affect not only their own performance but that of their co-workers and others. These stresses are often compounded by those of the job itself. Medical personnel, firefighters, police, and military personnel in combat settingsâ€"among othersâ€"experience highly unpredictable timing and types of stressors. This book reviews and comments on the performance-enhancing potential of specific food components. It reflects the views of military and non-military scientists from such fields as neuroscience, nutrition, physiology, various medical specialties, and performance psychology on the most up-to-date research available on physical and mental performance enhancement in stressful conditions. Although placed within the context of military tasks, the volume will have wide-reaching implications for individuals in any job setting.

Author : Michitoshi Inoue,Masatsugu Hori,Shoichi Imai,Robert M. Berne
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9784431683674

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Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow by Michitoshi Inoue,Masatsugu Hori,Shoichi Imai,Robert M. Berne Pdf

Research centering on blood flow in the heart continues to hold an important position, especially since a better understanding of the subject may help reduce the incidence of coronary arterial disease and heart attacks. This book summarizes recent advances in the field; it is the product of fruitful cooperation among international scientists who met in Japan in May, 1990 to discuss the regulation of coronary blood flow.

Author : POORTMANS,HOWALD
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 489 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1975-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 3764307250

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Metabolic Adaptation to Prolonged Physical Exercise by POORTMANS,HOWALD Pdf

The Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Biochemistry of Exercise are centered on the effects of long lasting exercise and training. In the years following the first symposium which was held in Brussels in 1968, biochem istry of exercise has gained more importance in view of the increasing number of labora tories and scientific papers which are dealing with this field. From the topic of the first symposium - humoral modifications occurring during physical activity - our points of interest have been turned to a more limited area, namely long term exercise and training, It was important to investigate these subjects because everyone knows that in to-day's sport a good performance means hours of weekly or even daily training. Therefore, it was of considerable interest to stimulate discussions and to clarify ideas in this particular field of human activity. Our knowledge of biochemistry of exercise at the cellular level has highly progressed during the last five years. Researchers have focused their interests on the sequential uti lization of fuels, the adaptative responses of the enzyme machinery, the different types of muscle fibers. The topics of the Proceedings include: general subjects, metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, hormonal regulations, electrolytes, ultrastructure and fiber types of muscle, cellular enzymes. In the symposium, the current knowledge was summarized as an introductory lecture to each of these topics by prominent authors, namely: J. KEuL (Freiburg i. Br. ), M. ScHERRER (Bern), B. SAL TIN (Copenhagen), P.

Author : Ronald J. Korthuis
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 147 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781615041831

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Skeletal Muscle Circulation by Ronald J. Korthuis Pdf

The aim of this treatise is to summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms for blood flow control to skeletal muscle under resting conditions, how perfusion is elevated (exercise hyperemia) to meet the increased demand for oxygen and other substrates during exercise, mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of regular physical activity on cardiovascular health, the regulation of transcapillary fluid filtration and protein flux across the microvascular exchange vessels, and the role of changes in the skeletal muscle circulation in pathologic states. Skeletal muscle is unique among organs in that its blood flow can change over a remarkably large range. Compared to blood flow at rest, muscle blood flow can increase by more than 20-fold on average during intense exercise, while perfusion of certain individual white muscles or portions of those muscles can increase by as much as 80-fold. This is compared to maximal increases of 4- to 6-fold in the coronary circulation during exercise. These increases in muscle perfusion are required to meet the enormous demands for oxygen and nutrients by the active muscles. Because of its large mass and the fact that skeletal muscles receive 25% of the cardiac output at rest, sympathetically mediated vasoconstriction in vessels supplying this tissue allows central hemodynamic variables (e.g., blood pressure) to be spared during stresses such as hypovolemic shock. Sympathetic vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle in such pathologic conditions also effectively shunts blood flow away from muscles to tissues that are more sensitive to reductions in their blood supply that might otherwise occur. Again, because of its large mass and percentage of cardiac output directed to skeletal muscle, alterations in blood vessel structure and function with chronic disease (e.g., hypertension) contribute significantly to the pathology of such disorders. Alterations in skeletal muscle vascular resistance and/or in the exchange properties of this vascular bed also modify transcapillary fluid filtration and solute movement across the microvascular barrier to influence muscle function and contribute to disease pathology. Finally, it is clear that exercise training induces an adaptive transformation to a protected phenotype in the vasculature supplying skeletal muscle and other tissues to promote overall cardiovascular health. Table of Contents: Introduction / Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle and Its Vascular Supply / Regulation of Vascular Tone in Skeletal Muscle / Exercise Hyperemia and Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation During Muscular Activity / Microvascular Fluid and Solute Exchange in Skeletal Muscle / Skeletal Muscle Circulation in Aging and Disease States: Protective Effects of Exercise / References

Author : Manfred Lamprecht
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2014-09-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781466567573

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Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition by Manfred Lamprecht Pdf

The use of antioxidants in sports is controversial due to existing evidence that they both support and hinder athletic performance. Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition covers antioxidant use in the athlete ́s basic nutrition and discusses the controversies surrounding the usefulness of antioxidant supplementation. The book also stresses how antioxidants may affect immunity, health, and exercise performance. The book contains scientifically based chapters explaining the basic mechanisms of exercise-induced oxidative damage. Also covered are methodological approaches to assess the effectiveness of antioxidant treatment. Biomarkers are discussed as a method to estimate the bioefficacy of dietary/supplemental antioxidants in sports. This book is useful for sport nutrition scientists, physicians, exercise physiologists, product developers, sport practitioners, coaches, top athletes, and recreational athletes. In it, they will find objective information and practical guidance.

Author : Moritz Schumann,Bent R. Rønnestad
Publisher : Springer
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319755472

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Concurrent Aerobic and Strength Training by Moritz Schumann,Bent R. Rønnestad Pdf

This book provides an extensive guide for exercise and health professionals, students, scientists, sport coaches, athletes of various sports and those with a general interest in concurrent aerobic and strength training. Following a brief historical overview of the past decades of research on concurrent training, in section 1 the epigenetic as well as physiological and neuromuscular differences of aerobic and strength training are discussed. Thereafter, section 2 aims at providing an up-to-date analysis of existing explanations for the interference phenomenon, while in section 3 the training-methodological difficulties of combined aerobic and strength training are elucidated. In section 4 and 5, the theoretical considerations reviewed in previous sections will then be practically applied to specific populations, ranging from children and elderly to athletes of various sports. Concurrent Aerobic and Strength Training: Scientific Basics and Practical Applications is a novel book on one of the “hot topics” of exercise training. The Editors' highest priority is to make this book an easily understandable and at the same time scientifically supported guide for the daily practice.

Author : Mark Hargreaves,Lawrence L. Spriet
Publisher : Human Kinetics
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Energy metabolism
ISBN : 0736041036

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Exercise Metabolism by Mark Hargreaves,Lawrence L. Spriet Pdf

A comprehensive reference for biochemists, sport nutritionists, exercise physiologists, and graduate students in those disciplines. Provides information on the metabolic processes that take place during exercise, examining in depth the mobilization and utilization of substrates during physical activity. Focuses primarily on the skeletal muscle, but also discusses the roles of the liver and adipose tissue. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Author : POORTMANS,HOWALD
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 486 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2013-12-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783034855235

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Metabolic Adaptation to Prolonged Physical Exercise by POORTMANS,HOWALD Pdf

The Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Biochemistry of Exercise are centered on the effects of long lasting exercise and training. In the years following the first symposium which was held in Brussels in 1968, biochem istry of exercise has gained more importance in view of the increasing number of labora tories and scientific papers which are dealing with this field. From the topic of the first symposium - humoral modifications occurring during physical activity - our points of interest have been turned to a more limited area, namely long term exercise and training, It was important to investigate these subjects because everyone knows that in to-day's sport a good performance means hours of weekly or even daily training. Therefore, it was of considerable interest to stimulate discussions and to clarify ideas in this particular field of human activity. Our knowledge of biochemistry of exercise at the cellular level has highly progressed during the last five years. Researchers have focused their interests on the sequential uti lization of fuels, the adaptative responses of the enzyme machinery, the different types of muscle fibers. The topics of the Proceedings include: general subjects, metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, hormonal regulations, electrolytes, ultrastructure and fiber types of muscle, cellular enzymes. In the symposium, the current knowledge was summarized as an introductory lecture to each of these topics by prominent authors, namely: J. KEuL (Freiburg i. Br. ), M. ScHERRER (Bern), B. SAL TIN (Copenhagen), P.

Author : Michael J. Joyner,Juleen R. Zierath,John A. Hawley
Publisher : Perspectives Cshl
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Medical
ISBN : 162182165X

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The Biology of Exercise by Michael J. Joyner,Juleen R. Zierath,John A. Hawley Pdf

Exercise training provokes widespread transformations in the human body, requiring coordinated changes in muscle composition, blood flow, neuronal and hormonal signaling, and metabolism. These changes enhance physical performance, improve mental health, and delay the onset of aging and disease. Understanding the molecular basis of these changes is therefore important for optimizing athletic ability and for developing drugs that elicit therapeutic effects. Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine examines the biological basis of exercise from the molecular to the systemic levels. Contributors discuss how transcriptional regulation, cytokine and hormonal signaling, glucose metabolism, epigenetic modifications, microRNA profiles, and mitochondrial and ribosomal functions are altered in response to exercise training, leading to improved skeletal muscle, hippocampal, and cardiovascular function. Cross talk among the pathways underlying tissue-specific and systemic responses to exercise is also considered. The authors also discuss how the understanding of such molecular mechanisms may lead to the development of drugs that mitigate aging and disease. This volume will therefore serve as a vital reference for all involved in the fields of sports science and medicine, as well as anyone seeking to understand the molecular mechanisms by which exercise promotes whole-body health.

Author : Jose Antonio,Douglas Kalman,Jeffrey R. Stout,Mike Greenwood,Darryn S. Willoughby,G. Gregory Haff
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 689 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2009-02-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781597453028

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Essentials of Sports Nutrition and Supplements by Jose Antonio,Douglas Kalman,Jeffrey R. Stout,Mike Greenwood,Darryn S. Willoughby,G. Gregory Haff Pdf

This volume is a comprehensive textbook for the undergraduate course in sports nutrition. Focusing on exercise physiology, this text is to be used in a certification course sponsored by the International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN).

Author : Erik A. Richter,Bente Kiens,Henrik Galbo,Bengt Saltin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781489919281

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Skeletal Muscle Metabolism in Exercise and Diabetes by Erik A. Richter,Bente Kiens,Henrik Galbo,Bengt Saltin Pdf

The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre was founded in 1994 with the support of a grant from the Danish National Research Foundation. Among the goals for the Centre is the organization of research symposia, with the aim of bringing a limited number ofintemation ally renowned scientists together to discuss the latest developments and perspectives in their field. The first Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre Conference was held in 1995 and dealt with cardiovascular regulation. The Second Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre Confer ence was held from October 23-26, 1997. The topic of the Symposium was Muscle Metabo lism: Regulation, Exercise, and Diabetes. Seventy invited scientists from all over the world discussed their latest research related to skeletal muscle metabolism. The speakers were asked to expand on their presentations and to write short, but comprehensive, chapters about their given topics. The result is 28 peer-reviewed and edited chapters covering many if not all aspects of muscle energy metabolism related to exercise and diabetes. Emphasis is on regulation of glucose and fatty acid metabolism and the mechanisms regulating their use as fuels for the muscle during exercise. In addition, abnormalities in the regulation of glucose metabolism in the diabetic state are described. However, amino acid and protein metabolism are also thoroughly discussed. We believe that this volume brings an unparralleled, up to date, and comprehensive review of the frontiers in muscle metabolism. Erik A.