Metaphors And Analogies In Sciences And Humanities

Author : Shyam Wuppuluri,A. C. Grayling
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 590 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2022-05-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030906887

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Metaphors and Analogies in Sciences and Humanities by Shyam Wuppuluri,A. C. Grayling Pdf

In this highly-interdisciplinary volume, we systematically study the role of metaphors and analogies in (mis)shaping our understanding of the world. Metaphors and Analogies occupy a prominent place in scientific discourses, as they do in literature, humanities and at the very level of our thinking itself. But when misused they can lead us astray, blinding our understanding inexorably. How can metaphors aid us in our understanding of the world? What role do they play in our scientific discourses and in humanities? How do they help us understand and skillfully deal with our complex socio-political scenarios? Where is the dividing line between their use and abuse? Join us as we explore some of these questions in this volume.

Author : F. Hallyn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401594424

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Metaphor and Analogy in the Sciences by F. Hallyn Pdf

This collection of papers contains historical case studies, systematic contributions of a general nature, and applications to specific sciences. The bibliographies of the contributions contain references to all central items from the traditions that are relevant today. While providing access to contemporary views on the issue, the papers illustrate the wide variety of functions of metaphors and analogies, as well as the many connections between the study of some of these functions and other subjects and disciplines.

Author : F. Hallyn
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2014-01-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9401594430

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Metaphor and Analogy in the Sciences by F. Hallyn Pdf

Author : Peter J. Aubusson,Allan G. Harrison,Stephen M. Ritchie
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 207 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2006-06-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402038303

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Metaphor and Analogy in Science Education by Peter J. Aubusson,Allan G. Harrison,Stephen M. Ritchie Pdf

Years ago a primary teacher told me about a great series of lessons she had just had. The class had visited rock pools on the seashore, and when she asked them about their observations they talked about: it was like a factory, it was like a church, it was like a garden, it was like our kitchen at breakfast time, etc. Each student’s analogy could be elaborated, and these analogies provided her with strongly engaged students and a great platform from which to develop their learning about biological diversity and interdependence. In everyday life we learn so many things by comparing and contrasting. The use of analogies and metaphors is important in science itself and their use in teaching science seems a natural extension, but textbooks with their own sparse logic, do not help teachers or students. David Ausubel in the 1960s had advocated the use of ‘advance organisers’ to introduce the teaching of conceptual material in the sciences, and some of these had an analogical character. However, research on the value of this idea was cumbersome and indecisive, and it ceased after just a few studies. In the 1980s research into children’s conceptions of scientific phenomena and concepts really burgeoned, and it was soon followed by an exploration of a new set of pedagogical strategies that recognised a student in a science class is much more than a tabula rasa.

Author : Z. Radman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401722544

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Metaphors: Figures of the Mind by Z. Radman Pdf

This book deals with various aspects of metaphorics and yet it is not only, or perhaps not even primarily, about metaphor itself. Rather it is concerned with the argument from metaphor. In other words, it is about what I think we can learn from metaphor and the possible consequences of this lesson for a more adequate understanding, for instance, of our mental processes, the possibilities and limitations of our reasoning, the strictures of propositionality, the cognitive effect of fictional projections and so on. In this sense it is not, strictly speaking, a contribution to metaphorology; instead, it is an attempt to define the place of metaphor in the world of overall human intellectual activity, exemplary thematized here in the span that ranges from problems relating to the articulation of meanings up to general issues of creativity. Most of the aspects discussed, therefore, are examined not so much for the sake of gaining some new knowledge about metaphor (work conducted in the »science of metaphor« is presently so huge that an extra attempt to spell out another theory of metaphor may have an infiatory effect); the basic strategy of this book is to view metaphor within the complex of language usage and language competence, in human thought and action, and, finally, to see in what philosophically relevant way it improves our knowledge of ourselves. Certainly, by adopting this basic strategy we also simultaneously increase our knowledge of metaphors, of their functions and importance.

Author : Manuela Romano
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2024-05-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783111001364

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Metaphor in Socio-Political Contexts by Manuela Romano Pdf

Metaphor studies is a vibrant and fascinating field. The present book brings together the work of influential researchers analyzing metaphor empirically from Critical Socio-Cognitive perspectives (CSCDA). The case studies focus on the role of metaphor as a powerful strategy for the creation of specific world views and ideological frames, as well as for their contestation in current crises.

Author : Lynne Cameron,Robert Maslen
Publisher : Equinox Publishing (UK)
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Metaphor
ISBN : 1845534476

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Metaphor Analysis by Lynne Cameron,Robert Maslen Pdf

This work describes practice in the analysis of metaphor on real-world discourse. The contributors have all had to find ways to deal with methodological issues in their own research and have developed techniques that are brought together here.

Author : B. Indurkhya
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 467 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401722520

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Metaphor and Cognition by B. Indurkhya Pdf

Many metaphors go beyond pionting to the existing similarities between two objects -- they create the similarities. Such metaphors, which have been relegated to the back seat in most of the cognitive science research, are the focus of attention in this study, which addresses the creation of similarity within an elaborately laid out interactive framework of cognition. Starting from the constructivist views of Nelson Goodman and Jean Piaget, this framework resolves an apparent paradox in interactionism: how can reality not have a mind-independent ontology and structure, but still manage to constrain the possible worlds a cognitive agent can create in it? A comprehensive theory of metaphor is proposed in this framework that explains how metaphors can create similarities, and why such metaphors are an invaluable asset to cognition. The framework is then applied to related issues of analogical reasoning, induction, and computational modeling of creative metaphors.

Author : Andrew S. Reynolds
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 223 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2022-04-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781108837286

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Understanding Metaphors in the Life Sciences by Andrew S. Reynolds Pdf

Introduces the diverse roles metaphors play in the life sciences and highlights their significance for theory, communication, and education.

Author : E. Cornell Way
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9789401579414

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Knowledge Representation and Metaphor by E. Cornell Way Pdf

This series will include monographs and collections of studies devoted to the investigation and exploration of knowledge, information, and data processing systems of all kinds, no matter whether human, (other) animal, or machine. Its scope is intended to span the full range of interests from classical problems in the philosophy of mind and philosophical psychol ogy through issues in cognitive psychology and sociobiology (concerning the mental capabilities of other species) to ideas related to artificial intelligence and computer science. While primary emphasis will be placed upon theoretical, conceptual, and epistemological aspects of these problems and domains, empirical, experimental, and methodological studies will also appear from time to time. The problems posed by metaphor and analogy are among the most challenging that confront the field of knowledge representation. In this study, Eileen Way has drawn upon the combined resources of philosophy, psychology, and computer science in developing a systematic and illuminating theoretical framework for understanding metaphors and analogies. While her work provides solutions to difficult problems of knowledge representation, it goes much further by investigating some of the most important philosophical assumptions that prevail within artificial intelligence today. By exposing the limitations inherent in the assumption that languages are both literal and truth-functional, she has advanced our grasp of the nature of language itself. J.R.F.

Author : Sandra Harding
Publisher : Indiana University Press
Page : 548 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1993-10-22
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0253115531

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The "Racial" Economy of Science by Sandra Harding Pdf

"The classic and recent essays gathered here will challenge scholars in the natural sciences, philosophy, sociology, anthropology, and women's studies to examine the role of racism in the construction and application of the sciences. Harding... has also created a useful text for diverse classroom settings." -- Library Journal "A rich lode of readily accessible thought on the nature and practice of science in society. Highly recommended." -- Choice "This is an excellent collection of essays that should prove useful in a wide range of STS courses." -- Science, Technology, and Society "... important and provocative... "Â -- The Women's Review of Books "The timeliness and utility of this large interdisciplinary reader on the relation of Western science to other cultures and to world history can hardly be overemphasized. It provides a tremendous resource for teaching and for research... "Â -- Ethics "Excellent." -- The Reader's Review "Sandra Harding is an intellectually fearless scholar. She has assembled a bold, impressive collection of essays to make a volume of illuminating power. This brilliantly edited book is essential reading for all who seek understanding of the multicultural debates of our age. Never has a book been more timely." -- Darlene Clark Hine These authors dispute science's legitimation of culturally approved definitions of race difference -- including craniology and the measurement of IQ, the notorious Tuskegee syphilis experiments, and the dependence of Third World research on First World agendas.

Author : Anke Beger,Thomas H. Smith
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2020-04-22
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027261441

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How Metaphors Guide, Teach and Popularize Science by Anke Beger,Thomas H. Smith Pdf

Metaphors are essential to scientists themselves and strongly influence science communication. Through careful analyses of metaphors actually used in science texts, recordings, and videos, this book explores the essential functions of conceptual metaphor in the conduct of science, teaching of science, and how scientific ideas are promoted and popularized. With an accessible introduction to theory and method this book prepares scientists, science teachers, and science writers to take advantage of recent shifts in metaphor theories and methods. Metaphor specialists will find theoretical issues explored in studies of bacteriology, cell reproduction, marine biology, physics, brain function and social psychology. We see the degree of conscious or intentional use of metaphor in shaping our conceptual systems and constraining inferences. Metaphor sources include social structure, embodied experience, abstract or mathematical formulations. The results are sometimes innovative hypotheses and robust conclusions; other times pedagogically useful, if inaccurate, stepping stones or, at worst, misleading fictions. As of January 2023, this e-book is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched.

Author : Sabine Maasen,E. Mendelsohn,P. Weingart
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401106733

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Biology as Society, Society as Biology: Metaphors by Sabine Maasen,E. Mendelsohn,P. Weingart Pdf

not lie in the conceptual distinctions but in the perceived functions of metaphors and whether in the concrete case they are judged positive or negative. The ongoing debates reflect these concerns quite clearly~ namely that metaphors are judged on the basis of supposed dangers they pose and opportunities they offer. These are the criteria of evaluation that are obviously dependent on the context in which the transfer of meaning occurs. Our fundamental concern is indeed the transfer itself~ its prospects and its limits. Looking at possible functions of metaphors is one approach to under standing and elucidating sentiments about them. The papers in this volume illustrate, by quite different examples, three basic functions of metaphors: illustrative, heuristic~ and constitutive. These functions rep resent different degrees of transfer of meaning. Metaphors are illustrative when they are used primarily as a literary device, to increase the power of conviction of an argument, for example. Although the difference between the illustrative and the heuristic function of metaphors is not great, it does exist: metaphors are used for heuristic purposes whenever "differences" of meaning are employed to open new perspectives and to gain new insights. In the case of "constitutive" metaphors they function to actually replace previous meanings by new ones. Sabine Maasen in her paper introduces the distinction between transfer and transforma tion.

Author : Joseph Margolis,Michael Krausz,R. Burian
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1986-10-31
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9024732719

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Rationality, Relativism and the Human Sciences by Joseph Margolis,Michael Krausz,R. Burian Pdf

The Greater Philadelphia Philosophy Consortium was launched in the early eighties. It began during a particularly lean period in the American economy. But its success is linked as much to the need to be in touch with the rapidly changing currents of the philosophical climate as with the need to insure an adequately stocked professional community in the Philadelphia area faced, perhaps permanently, with the threat of increasing attrition. The member schools of the Consortium now include Bryn Mawr College, the University of Pennsylvania, Temple University, and Villanova University, that is, the schools of the area that offer advanced degrees in philosophy. The philosophy faculties of these schools form the core of the Consortium, which offers graduate students the instructional and library facilities of each member school. The Consortium is also supported by the associated faculties of other regional schools that do not offer advanced degrees - notably, those at Drexel University, Haverford College, La Salle University, and Swarthmore College - both philosophers and members of other departments as well as interested and professionally qualified persons from the entire region. The affiliated and core professionals now number several hundreds, and the Consortium's various ventures have been received most enthusiastically by the academic community. At this moment, the Consortium is planning its fifth year of what it calls the Conferences on the Philosophy of the Human Studies.

Author : Orly Shapira-Lishchinsky
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 113 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2023-07-05
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781802621891

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The Power of Team-based Simulations in Educational Systems by Orly Shapira-Lishchinsky Pdf

Shapira-Lishchinsky suggests a new educational policy to reduce educational gaps eliciting from the COVID-19 pandemic and other crises toward routine, enhancing the capacity of mid-level leaders to deal with equality gaps through mentoring by team-based simulation.