Methods For Faecal Sludge Analysis

Author : Konstantina Velkushanova,Linda Strande,Mariska Ronteltap,Thammarat Koottatep,Damir Brdjanovic,Chris Buckley
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2019-03-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 1780409117

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Methods for Faecal Sludge Analysis by Konstantina Velkushanova,Linda Strande,Mariska Ronteltap,Thammarat Koottatep,Damir Brdjanovic,Chris Buckley Pdf

The importance and need for faecal sludge management has been recognised worldwide. One major gap in developing appropriate and adequate faecal sludge treatment and monitoring techniques is the ability to understand faecal sludge characteristics, its quantification and correlation to source populations. Faecal sludge characteristics are highly variable, but as standard methods for sampling and analysis do not exist, results are not comparable and hence the actual variability is not yet fully understood. Due to the lack of standard methods for sampling and analysis of faecal sludge, standard methods from other fields such as water, wastewater and soil science are usually applied. However, these methods are not necessarily the most suitable for faecal sludge, and have not been specifically adapted for that purpose. Characteristics of faecal sludge are typically different from these other matrices by orders of magnitude. The methods for faecal sludge sampling are also greatly complicated by the wide range of technologies in each local context, and the heterogeneity within systems. Another gap in existing knowledge is how to quantify faecal sludge on a city-wide scale, or scale relevant for the design of treatment technologies. Moreover, the lack of standardisation complicates the transfer of knowledge and data between different regions and institutions as the results are not comparable. This illustrates the urgent need to establish common methods and procedures for faecal sludge characterisation and quantification. This book aims to address these challenges and provide a basis towards standardized methods for characterisation and quantification of faecal sludge from onsite sanitation technologies, including sampling techniques and health and safety procedures for faecal sludge handling. It also aims at improved communication between sanitation practitioners, comparative faecal sludge database and improved confidence in the methods and obtained results. The book will be beneficial for researchers, laboratory technicians, academics, students and sanitation practitioners.

Author : Linda Strande,Damir Brdjanovic
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2014-08-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781780404721

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Faecal Sludge Management by Linda Strande,Damir Brdjanovic Pdf

It is estimated that literally billions of residents in urban and peri-urban areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America are served by onsite sanitation systems (e.g. various types of latrines and septic tanks). Until recently, the management of faecal sludge from these onsite systems has been grossly neglected, partially as a result of them being considered temporary solutions until sewer-based systems could be implemented. However, the perception of onsite or decentralized sanitation technologies for urban areas is gradually changing, and is increasingly being considered as long-term, sustainable options in urban areas, especially in low- and middle-income countries that lack sewer infrastructures. This is the first book dedicated to faecal sludge management. It compiles the current state of knowledge of the rapidly evolving field of faecal sludge management, and presents an integrated approach that includes technology, management, and planning based on Sandecs 20 years of experience in the field. Faecal Sludge Management: Systems Approach for Implementation and Operation addresses the organization of the entire faecal sludge management service chain, from the collection and transport of sludge, and the current state of knowledge of treatment options, to the final end use or disposal of treated sludge. The book also presents important factors to consider when evaluating and upscaling new treatment technology options. The book is designed for undergraduate and graduate students, and engineers and practitioners in the field who have some basic knowledge of environmental and/or wastewater engineering. Authors: Linda Strande,Eawag, Switzerland, Mariska Ronteltap, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft, The Netherlands and Damir Brdjanovic, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft, The Netherlands

Author : Linda Strande,Damir Brdjanovic
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2014-08-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781780404738

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Faecal Sludge Management by Linda Strande,Damir Brdjanovic Pdf

It is estimated that literally billions of residents in urban and peri-urban areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America are served by onsite sanitation systems (e.g. various types of latrines and septic tanks). Until recently, the management of faecal sludge from these onsite systems has been grossly neglected, partially as a result of them being considered temporary solutions until sewer-based systems could be implemented. However, the perception of onsite or decentralized sanitation technologies for urban areas is gradually changing, and is increasingly being considered as long-term, sustainable options in urban areas, especially in low- and middle-income countries that lack sewer infrastructures. This is the first book dedicated to faecal sludge management. It compiles the current state of knowledge of the rapidly evolving field of faecal sludge management, and presents an integrated approach that includes technology, management, and planning based on Sandecs 20 years of experience in the field. Faecal Sludge Management: Systems Approach for Implementation and Operation addresses the organization of the entire faecal sludge management service chain, from the collection and transport of sludge, and the current state of knowledge of treatment options, to the final end use or disposal of treated sludge. The book also presents important factors to consider when evaluating and upscaling new treatment technology options. The book is designed for undergraduate and graduate students, and engineers and practitioners in the field who have some basic knowledge of environmental and/or wastewater engineering.

Author : Joseph W. Rezek,Ivan A. Cooper
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Septic tanks
ISBN : MINN:31951P009092746

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Septage Management by Joseph W. Rezek,Ivan A. Cooper Pdf

Author : Kevin Tayler
Publisher : Open Access
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2018-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1853399876

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Faecal Sludge and Septage Treatment by Kevin Tayler Pdf

Faecal Sludge and Septage Treatment confronts the urgent need to treat increasing volumes of faecal sludge and septage in the rapidly expanding towns and cities of the global south. It discusses the urban contexts that influence treatment requirements and the overall septage treatment processes.

Author : Elizabeth Tilley,Lukas Ulrich,Christoph Lüthi,Philippe Reymond,Christian Zurbrügg
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3906484572

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Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies by Elizabeth Tilley,Lukas Ulrich,Christoph Lüthi,Philippe Reymond,Christian Zurbrügg Pdf

Author : Rao, Krishna C.,Kvarnstrom, E.,Di Mario, L.,Drechsel, Pay
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2016-12-05
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789290908432

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Business models for fecal sludge management by Rao, Krishna C.,Kvarnstrom, E.,Di Mario, L.,Drechsel, Pay Pdf

On-site sanitation systems, such as septic tanks and pit latrines, are the predominant feature across rural and urban areas in most developing countries. However, their management is one of the most neglected sanitation challenges. While under the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the set-up of toilet systems received the most attention, business models for the sanitation service chain, including pit desludging, sludge transport, treatment and disposal or resource recovery, are only emerging. Based on the analysis of over 40 fecal sludge management (FSM) cases from Asia, Africa and Latin America, this report shows opportunities as well as bottlenecks that FSM is facing from an institutional and entrepreneurial perspective.

Author : Jayathilake, Nilanthi,Drechsel, Pay,Keraita, B.,Fernando, Sudarshana,Hanjra, M. A.
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2024-07-02
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789290908906

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Guidelines and regulations for fecal sludge management from on-site sanitation facilities by Jayathilake, Nilanthi,Drechsel, Pay,Keraita, B.,Fernando, Sudarshana,Hanjra, M. A. Pdf

Author : Dorai Narayana
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2020-04-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781789061260

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Co-treatment of Septage and Faecal Sludge in Sewage Treatment Facilities by Dorai Narayana Pdf

Over the past few years on-site sanitation has been widely promoted as a solution which can be quickly implemented to address sanitation issues, and it is gaining traction. As such, treatment of the contents emptied from on-site containments has become a pressing issue. While dedicated treatment facilities for this purpose have been advocated, co-treating these wastes in sewage treatment facilities is a promising option, which many countries have implemented or are exploring. This option maximises the utilisation of city infrastructure. In cases where the existing sewage treatment facilities are underutilised, co-treatment presents a ready solution for managing fecal sludge and septage. In spite of co-treatment being a well-known practice in many countries, it remains clouded in uncertainty, especially regarding the technical advisability, and potential risks of co-treating fecal sludge or septage in sewage treatment plants. Planners and decision-makers are often very apprehensive in considering co-treatment. As a result, the opportunity to better utilise available infrastructure for co-treatment of sludge is often being missed. Meanwhile, there are also many cases where co-treatment has been tried, either successfully or otherwise, but it has not been possible to draw conclusions from these, to guide the way forward. This guide book explores some of the basic principles behind sewage treatment, and how it may be impacted by co-treatment of wastes from on-site containments, to try to throw some light on how co-treatment could be considered, in an incremental manner, recognising risks and mitigating them. It is intended to facilitate a better understanding among planners, engineers, decision makers and technical practitioners and to help them evaluate and consider the option of co-treatment.

Author : Marcos von Sperling ,Matthew E. Verbyla ,Silvia M.A.C Oliveira
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 668 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2020-01-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781780409313

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Assessment of Treatment Plant Performance and Water Quality Data: A Guide for Students, Researchers and Practitioners by Marcos von Sperling ,Matthew E. Verbyla ,Silvia M.A.C Oliveira Pdf

This book presents the basic principles for evaluating water quality and treatment plant performance in a clear, innovative and didactic way, using a combined approach that involves the interpretation of monitoring data associated with (i) the basic processes that take place in water bodies and in water and wastewater treatment plants and (ii) data management and statistical calculations to allow a deep interpretation of the data. This book is problem-oriented and works from practice to theory, covering most of the information you will need, such as (a) obtaining flow data and working with the concept of loading, (b) organizing sampling programmes and measurements, (c) connecting laboratory analysis to data management, (e) using numerical and graphical methods for describing monitoring data (descriptive statistics), (f) understanding and reporting removal efficiencies, (g) recognizing symmetry and asymmetry in monitoring data (normal and log-normal distributions), (h) evaluating compliance with targets and regulatory standards for effluents and water bodies, (i) making comparisons with the monitoring data (tests of hypothesis), (j) understanding the relationship between monitoring variables (correlation and regression analysis), (k) making water and mass balances, (l) understanding the different loading rates applied to treatment units, (m) learning the principles of reaction kinetics and reactor hydraulics and (n) performing calibration and verification of models. The major concepts are illustrated by 92 fully worked-out examples, which are supported by 75 freely-downloadable Excel spreadsheets. Each chapter concludes with a checklist for your report. If you are a student, researcher or practitioner planning to use or already using treatment plant and water quality monitoring data, then this book is for you! 75 Excel spreadsheets are available to download.

Author : Sadhan Kumar Ghosh
Publisher : Springer
Page : 1290 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2018-09-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811072901

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Waste Management and Resource Efficiency by Sadhan Kumar Ghosh Pdf

The book contains high-quality research papers presented at Sixth International Conference on Solid Waste Management held at Jadavpur University, Kolkata India during November 23-26, 2016. The Conference, IconSWM 2016, is organized by Centre for Quality Management System, Jadavpur University in association with premier institutes and societies of India. The researchers from more than 30 countries presented their work in Solid Waste Management. The book is divided into two volumes and deliberates on various issues related to innovation and implementation in sustainable waste management, segregation, collection, transportation of waste, treatment technology, policy and strategies, energy recovery, life cycle analysis, climate change, research and business opportunities.

Author : Guang-Hao Chen, Mark C.M. van Loosdrecht,G.A. Ekama,Damir Brdjanovic
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 867 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2020-07-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781789060355

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Biological Wastewater Treatment: Principles, Modeling and Design by Guang-Hao Chen, Mark C.M. van Loosdrecht,G.A. Ekama,Damir Brdjanovic Pdf

The first edition of this book was published in 2008 and it went on to become IWA Publishing’s bestseller. Clearly there was a need for it because over the twenty years prior to 2008, the knowledge and understanding of wastewater treatment had advanced extensively and moved away from empirically-based approaches to a fundamental first-principles approach based on chemistry, microbiology, physical and bioprocess engineering, mathematics and modelling. However the quantity, complexity and diversity of these new developments was overwhelming for young water professionals, particularly in developing countries without readily available access to advanced-level tertiary education courses in wastewater treatment. For a whole new generation of young scientists and engineers entering the wastewater treatment profession, this book assembled and integrated the postgraduate course material of a dozen or so professors from research groups around the world who have made significant contributions to the advances in wastewater treatment. This material had matured to the degree that it had been codified into mathematical models for simulation with computers. The first edition of the book offered, that upon completion of an in-depth study of its contents, the modern approach of modelling and simulation in wastewater treatment plant design and operation could be embraced with deeper insight, advanced knowledge and greater confidence, be it activated sludge, biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal, secondary settling tanks, or biofilm systems. However, the advances and developments in wastewater treatment have accelerated over the past 12 years since publication of the first edition. While all the chapters of the first edition have been updated to accommodate these advances and developments, some, such as granular sludge, membrane bioreactors, sulphur conversion-based bioprocesses and biofilm reactors which were new in 2008, have matured into new industry approaches and are also now included in this second edition. The target readership of this second edition remains the young water professionals, who will still be active in the field of protecting our precious water resources long after the aging professors who are leading some of these advances have retired. The authors, all still active in the field, are aware that cleaning dirty water has become more complex but that it is even more urgent now than 12 years ago, and offer this second edition to help the young water professionals engage with the scientific and bioprocess engineering principles of wastewater treatment science and technology with deeper insight, advanced knowledge and greater confidence built on stronger competence.

Author : Cleverson Vitorio Andreoli,Marcos Von Sperling,Fernando Fernandes,Mariska Ronteltap
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2007-03-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781843391661

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Sludge Treatment and Disposal by Cleverson Vitorio Andreoli,Marcos Von Sperling,Fernando Fernandes,Mariska Ronteltap Pdf

Sludge Treatment and Disposal is the sixth volume in the series Biological Wastewater Treatment. The book covers in a clear and informative way the sludge characteristics, production, treatment (thickening, dewatering, stabilisation, pathogens removal) and disposal (land application for agricultural purposes, sanitary landfills, landfarming and other methods). Environmental and public health issues are also fully described. About the series: The series is based on a highly acclaimed set of best selling textbooks. This international version is comprised by six textbooks giving a state-of-the-art presentation of the science and technology of biological wastewater treatment. Other titles in the series are: Volume 1: Waste Stabilisation Ponds; Volume 2: Basic Principles of Wastewater Treatment; Volume 3: Waste Stabilization Ponds; Volume 4: Anaerobic Reactors; Volume 5: Activated Sludge and Aerobic Biofilm Reactors

Author : Eva Kocbek
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 159 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2022-02-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000547641

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A Novel Approach to Sludge Treatment Using Microwave Technology by Eva Kocbek Pdf

Sludge transportation costs can represent a large fraction of the expenses associated with municipal and faecal sludge management. These costs can be mitigated through the use of thermal drying approaches to reduce the sludge volume. This thesis described the application of a novel microwave-based pilot-scale unit as an alternative technology for the sanitisation and drying of sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants and on-site sanitation facilities. The potential economic benefits of volumetric heating, moisture levelling, and increased liquid and vapour migration from the interior to the surface of the product underpins the increasing interest in the use of microwave technology during sludge treatment processes. According to the findings of this study, these factors lead to faster processing times, improved drying rates, and a reduced physical footprint. Furthermore, microwave technology operates as a standalone treatment unit. When coupled with mechanical dewatering techniques and membrane separation technology, it can increase the reliability of the technology employed in the treatment of sludge while recovering valuable resources through an agricultural or thermochemical application such as (co-) combustion. The results of this work demonstrate the strong feasibility of applying microwave-based technology within initiatives designed to protect the environment and safeguard public health.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Organic wastes as fertilizer
ISBN : UCR:31210025049220

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A Plain English Guide to the EPA Part 503 Biosolids Rule by Anonim Pdf