Faecal Sludge Management

Author : Linda Strande,Damir Brdjanovic
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2014-08-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781780404738

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Faecal Sludge Management by Linda Strande,Damir Brdjanovic Pdf

It is estimated that literally billions of residents in urban and peri-urban areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America are served by onsite sanitation systems (e.g. various types of latrines and septic tanks). Until recently, the management of faecal sludge from these onsite systems has been grossly neglected, partially as a result of them being considered temporary solutions until sewer-based systems could be implemented. However, the perception of onsite or decentralized sanitation technologies for urban areas is gradually changing, and is increasingly being considered as long-term, sustainable options in urban areas, especially in low- and middle-income countries that lack sewer infrastructures. This is the first book dedicated to faecal sludge management. It compiles the current state of knowledge of the rapidly evolving field of faecal sludge management, and presents an integrated approach that includes technology, management, and planning based on Sandecs 20 years of experience in the field. Faecal Sludge Management: Systems Approach for Implementation and Operation addresses the organization of the entire faecal sludge management service chain, from the collection and transport of sludge, and the current state of knowledge of treatment options, to the final end use or disposal of treated sludge. The book also presents important factors to consider when evaluating and upscaling new treatment technology options. The book is designed for undergraduate and graduate students, and engineers and practitioners in the field who have some basic knowledge of environmental and/or wastewater engineering.

Author : Linda Strande,Damir Brdjanovic
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2014-08-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781780404721

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Faecal Sludge Management by Linda Strande,Damir Brdjanovic Pdf

It is estimated that literally billions of residents in urban and peri-urban areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America are served by onsite sanitation systems (e.g. various types of latrines and septic tanks). Until recently, the management of faecal sludge from these onsite systems has been grossly neglected, partially as a result of them being considered temporary solutions until sewer-based systems could be implemented. However, the perception of onsite or decentralized sanitation technologies for urban areas is gradually changing, and is increasingly being considered as long-term, sustainable options in urban areas, especially in low- and middle-income countries that lack sewer infrastructures. This is the first book dedicated to faecal sludge management. It compiles the current state of knowledge of the rapidly evolving field of faecal sludge management, and presents an integrated approach that includes technology, management, and planning based on Sandecs 20 years of experience in the field. Faecal Sludge Management: Systems Approach for Implementation and Operation addresses the organization of the entire faecal sludge management service chain, from the collection and transport of sludge, and the current state of knowledge of treatment options, to the final end use or disposal of treated sludge. The book also presents important factors to consider when evaluating and upscaling new treatment technology options. The book is designed for undergraduate and graduate students, and engineers and practitioners in the field who have some basic knowledge of environmental and/or wastewater engineering. Authors: Linda Strande,Eawag, Switzerland, Mariska Ronteltap, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft, The Netherlands and Damir Brdjanovic, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft, The Netherlands

Author : Linda Strande,Mariska Ronteltap,Damir Brdjanovic
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 403 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Sewage sludge
ISBN : 1523102543

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Faecal Sludge Management by Linda Strande,Mariska Ronteltap,Damir Brdjanovic Pdf

Author : Kevin Tayler
Publisher : Open Access
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2018-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1853399876

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Faecal Sludge and Septage Treatment by Kevin Tayler Pdf

Faecal Sludge and Septage Treatment confronts the urgent need to treat increasing volumes of faecal sludge and septage in the rapidly expanding towns and cities of the global south. It discusses the urban contexts that influence treatment requirements and the overall septage treatment processes.

Author : Joseph W. Rezek,Ivan A. Cooper
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Septic tanks
ISBN : MINN:31951P009092746

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Septage Management by Joseph W. Rezek,Ivan A. Cooper Pdf

Author : Konstantina Velkushanova,Linda Strande,Mariska Ronteltap,Thammarat Koottatep,Damir Brdjanovic,Chris Buckley
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2019-03-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 1780409117

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Methods for Faecal Sludge Analysis by Konstantina Velkushanova,Linda Strande,Mariska Ronteltap,Thammarat Koottatep,Damir Brdjanovic,Chris Buckley Pdf

The importance and need for faecal sludge management has been recognised worldwide. One major gap in developing appropriate and adequate faecal sludge treatment and monitoring techniques is the ability to understand faecal sludge characteristics, its quantification and correlation to source populations. Faecal sludge characteristics are highly variable, but as standard methods for sampling and analysis do not exist, results are not comparable and hence the actual variability is not yet fully understood. Due to the lack of standard methods for sampling and analysis of faecal sludge, standard methods from other fields such as water, wastewater and soil science are usually applied. However, these methods are not necessarily the most suitable for faecal sludge, and have not been specifically adapted for that purpose. Characteristics of faecal sludge are typically different from these other matrices by orders of magnitude. The methods for faecal sludge sampling are also greatly complicated by the wide range of technologies in each local context, and the heterogeneity within systems. Another gap in existing knowledge is how to quantify faecal sludge on a city-wide scale, or scale relevant for the design of treatment technologies. Moreover, the lack of standardisation complicates the transfer of knowledge and data between different regions and institutions as the results are not comparable. This illustrates the urgent need to establish common methods and procedures for faecal sludge characterisation and quantification. This book aims to address these challenges and provide a basis towards standardized methods for characterisation and quantification of faecal sludge from onsite sanitation technologies, including sampling techniques and health and safety procedures for faecal sludge handling. It also aims at improved communication between sanitation practitioners, comparative faecal sludge database and improved confidence in the methods and obtained results. The book will be beneficial for researchers, laboratory technicians, academics, students and sanitation practitioners.

Author : Dorai Narayana
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2020-04-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781789061260

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Co-treatment of Septage and Faecal Sludge in Sewage Treatment Facilities by Dorai Narayana Pdf

Over the past few years on-site sanitation has been widely promoted as a solution which can be quickly implemented to address sanitation issues, and it is gaining traction. As such, treatment of the contents emptied from on-site containments has become a pressing issue. While dedicated treatment facilities for this purpose have been advocated, co-treating these wastes in sewage treatment facilities is a promising option, which many countries have implemented or are exploring. This option maximises the utilisation of city infrastructure. In cases where the existing sewage treatment facilities are underutilised, co-treatment presents a ready solution for managing fecal sludge and septage. In spite of co-treatment being a well-known practice in many countries, it remains clouded in uncertainty, especially regarding the technical advisability, and potential risks of co-treating fecal sludge or septage in sewage treatment plants. Planners and decision-makers are often very apprehensive in considering co-treatment. As a result, the opportunity to better utilise available infrastructure for co-treatment of sludge is often being missed. Meanwhile, there are also many cases where co-treatment has been tried, either successfully or otherwise, but it has not been possible to draw conclusions from these, to guide the way forward. This guide book explores some of the basic principles behind sewage treatment, and how it may be impacted by co-treatment of wastes from on-site containments, to try to throw some light on how co-treatment could be considered, in an incremental manner, recognising risks and mitigating them. It is intended to facilitate a better understanding among planners, engineers, decision makers and technical practitioners and to help them evaluate and consider the option of co-treatment.

Author : Rao, Krishna C.,Kvarnstrom, E.,Di Mario, L.,Drechsel, Pay
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2016-12-05
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789290908432

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Business models for fecal sludge management by Rao, Krishna C.,Kvarnstrom, E.,Di Mario, L.,Drechsel, Pay Pdf

On-site sanitation systems, such as septic tanks and pit latrines, are the predominant feature across rural and urban areas in most developing countries. However, their management is one of the most neglected sanitation challenges. While under the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the set-up of toilet systems received the most attention, business models for the sanitation service chain, including pit desludging, sludge transport, treatment and disposal or resource recovery, are only emerging. Based on the analysis of over 40 fecal sludge management (FSM) cases from Asia, Africa and Latin America, this report shows opportunities as well as bottlenecks that FSM is facing from an institutional and entrepreneurial perspective.

Author : Fiona Zakaria
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2019-07-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000691702

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Rethinking Faecal Sludge Management in Emergency Settings by Fiona Zakaria Pdf

The development of technology in the emergency sanitation sector has not been emphasised sufficiently considering that the management of human excreta is a basic requirement for every person. The lack of technology tailored to emergency situations complicates efforts to cater for sanitation needs in challenging humanitarian crisis. Concerns persists on the lack of faecal sludge management that considers the whole sanitation chain from containment until treatment. This study focused on the development of a smart emergency toilet termed the eSOS (emergency sanitation operation system) smart toilet to address the limitation in technical options. This toilet is based on the eSOS concept that takes into account the entire sanitation chain. This study also addresses the limited time for planning in emergencies by developing a decision support system (DSS) to help quick selection of optimal sanitation options. The aim was to enable users of the DSS to plan their emergency sanitation response within the shortest time possible. The study aims to contribute toward a better emergency sanitation response by application of technology advances.

Author : Elizabeth Tilley,Lukas Ulrich,Christoph Lüthi,Philippe Reymond,Christian Zurbrügg
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3906484572

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Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies by Elizabeth Tilley,Lukas Ulrich,Christoph Lüthi,Philippe Reymond,Christian Zurbrügg Pdf

Author : Mary Luz Barrios Hernàndez
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 131 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2022-02-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000482034

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Pathogen removal in aerobic granular sludge treatment systems by Mary Luz Barrios Hernàndez Pdf

This book describes pathogen removal processes in aerobic granular sludge (AGS) wastewater treatment systems. Faecal indicators (E. coli, Enterococci, coliforms and bacteriophages) were tracked in full-scale AGS facilities and compared to parallel activated sludge (CAS) systems. AGS showed similar removals as the more complex CAS configurations. Removal mechanisms investigated in laboratory-scale reactors showed that the AGS morphology contributes to the removal processes. By tracking E. coli and MS2, it was observed that organisms not attached to the granules are predated by protozoa during aeration. 18S RNA gene analyses confirmed the occurrence of bacterivorous organisms (e.g., Epistylis, Vorticella, Rhogostoma) in the system. Particulate material in the feeding stimulated their development, and a protozoa bloom arose when co-treating with (synthetic) faecal sludge (4 % v/v). An overview of the diverse eukaryotic community in laboratory reactors and real-life applications is also provided. The microbial diversity of the influent was different compared to AGS and CAS sludge samples. However, no clear differences were found between them on species level. This study contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms behind pathogen removals in AGS systems.

Author : Eva Kocbek
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 159 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2022-02-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000547641

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A Novel Approach to Sludge Treatment Using Microwave Technology by Eva Kocbek Pdf

Sludge transportation costs can represent a large fraction of the expenses associated with municipal and faecal sludge management. These costs can be mitigated through the use of thermal drying approaches to reduce the sludge volume. This thesis described the application of a novel microwave-based pilot-scale unit as an alternative technology for the sanitisation and drying of sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants and on-site sanitation facilities. The potential economic benefits of volumetric heating, moisture levelling, and increased liquid and vapour migration from the interior to the surface of the product underpins the increasing interest in the use of microwave technology during sludge treatment processes. According to the findings of this study, these factors lead to faster processing times, improved drying rates, and a reduced physical footprint. Furthermore, microwave technology operates as a standalone treatment unit. When coupled with mechanical dewatering techniques and membrane separation technology, it can increase the reliability of the technology employed in the treatment of sludge while recovering valuable resources through an agricultural or thermochemical application such as (co-) combustion. The results of this work demonstrate the strong feasibility of applying microwave-based technology within initiatives designed to protect the environment and safeguard public health.

Author : Sadhan Kumar Ghosh
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2020-03-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811516207

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Waste Management as Economic Industry Towards Circular Economy by Sadhan Kumar Ghosh Pdf

This book highlights the latest advances in waste management, resource recovery and resource circulation in various countries, with a special emphasis on India. It leads the way towards a sustainable circular economy developing local economy and enhances the sustainability of the energy sector as a whole by holistically addressing waste management. Waste management is a major problem around the globe; effective waste disposal is one of the most plaguing issues faced by municipalities. Yet waste can also serve as a major source of energy rather than a disposable material. The book discusses various upstream and downstream aspects of waste management systems, e.g. conversion processes and collection methods, that are needed in order to make waste management systems into an effective industry and move closer to a circular economy. It also provides information on management tools for analysis and decision support. All chapters included here are based on high-quality research papers presented at the conference IconSWM 2018.

Author : Jayathilake, Nilanthi,Drechsel, Pay,Keraita, B.,Fernando, Sudarshana,Hanjra, M. A.
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2024-05-18
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789290908906

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Guidelines and regulations for fecal sludge management from on-site sanitation facilities by Jayathilake, Nilanthi,Drechsel, Pay,Keraita, B.,Fernando, Sudarshana,Hanjra, M. A. Pdf

Author : R. Franceys
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Outhouses
ISBN : 9240688730

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Guide to the Development of On-site Sanitation (A). by R. Franceys Pdf

Provides detailed practical and technical advice intended to guide the selection design construction and maintenance of on-site facilities for the removal of human excreta. Addressed to engineers sanitarians medical officers and project planners the book concentrates on technical options suitable for householders building their own latrines whether in small communities rural areas or deprived urban settlements. Details range from line drawings illustrating features of design and construction through a list of reasons why improved sanitation may elicit negative responses from users to instructi.