Microbiomes Of The Built Environment

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Microbiomes of the Built Environment

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Engineering,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Health and Medicine Division,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Microbiomes of the Built Environment: From Research to Application
Microbiomes of the Built Environment Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Engineering,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Health and Medicine Division,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Microbiomes of the Built Environment: From Research to Application
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2017-10-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309449830

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Microbiomes of the Built Environment by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Engineering,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Health and Medicine Division,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Microbiomes of the Built Environment: From Research to Application Pdf

People's desire to understand the environments in which they live is a natural one. People spend most of their time in spaces and structures designed, built, and managed by humans, and it is estimated that people in developed countries now spend 90 percent of their lives indoors. As people move from homes to workplaces, traveling in cars and on transit systems, microorganisms are continually with and around them. The human-associated microbes that are shed, along with the human behaviors that affect their transport and removal, make significant contributions to the diversity of the indoor microbiome. The characteristics of "healthy" indoor environments cannot yet be defined, nor do microbial, clinical, and building researchers yet understand how to modify features of indoor environmentsâ€"such as building ventilation systems and the chemistry of building materialsâ€"in ways that would have predictable impacts on microbial communities to promote health and prevent disease. The factors that affect the environments within buildings, the ways in which building characteristics influence the composition and function of indoor microbial communities, and the ways in which these microbial communities relate to human health and well-being are extraordinarily complex and can be explored only as a dynamic, interconnected ecosystem by engaging the fields of microbial biology and ecology, chemistry, building science, and human physiology. This report reviews what is known about the intersection of these disciplines, and how new tools may facilitate advances in understanding the ecosystem of built environments, indoor microbiomes, and effects on human health and well-being. It offers a research agenda to generate the information needed so that stakeholders with an interest in understanding the impacts of built environments will be able to make more informed decisions.

Microbiomes of the Built Environment

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Engineering,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Health and Medicine Division,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Microbiomes of the Built Environment: From Research to Application
Microbiomes of the Built Environment Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Engineering,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Health and Medicine Division,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Microbiomes of the Built Environment: From Research to Application
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2017-11-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309449809

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Microbiomes of the Built Environment by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Engineering,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Health and Medicine Division,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Microbiomes of the Built Environment: From Research to Application Pdf

People's desire to understand the environments in which they live is a natural one. People spend most of their time in spaces and structures designed, built, and managed by humans, and it is estimated that people in developed countries now spend 90 percent of their lives indoors. As people move from homes to workplaces, traveling in cars and on transit systems, microorganisms are continually with and around them. The human-associated microbes that are shed, along with the human behaviors that affect their transport and removal, make significant contributions to the diversity of the indoor microbiome. The characteristics of "healthy" indoor environments cannot yet be defined, nor do microbial, clinical, and building researchers yet understand how to modify features of indoor environmentsâ€"such as building ventilation systems and the chemistry of building materialsâ€"in ways that would have predictable impacts on microbial communities to promote health and prevent disease. The factors that affect the environments within buildings, the ways in which building characteristics influence the composition and function of indoor microbial communities, and the ways in which these microbial communities relate to human health and well-being are extraordinarily complex and can be explored only as a dynamic, interconnected ecosystem by engaging the fields of microbial biology and ecology, chemistry, building science, and human physiology. This report reviews what is known about the intersection of these disciplines, and how new tools may facilitate advances in understanding the ecosystem of built environments, indoor microbiomes, and effects on human health and well-being. It offers a research agenda to generate the information needed so that stakeholders with an interest in understanding the impacts of built environments will be able to make more informed decisions.

The Chemistry of Microbiomes

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Chemical Sciences Roundtable
The Chemistry of Microbiomes Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Chemical Sciences Roundtable
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 133 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2017-07-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309458399

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The Chemistry of Microbiomes by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Chemical Sciences Roundtable Pdf

The 21st century has witnessed a complete revolution in the understanding and description of bacteria in eco- systems and microbial assemblages, and how they are regulated by complex interactions among microbes, hosts, and environments. The human organism is no longer considered a monolithic assembly of tissues, but is instead a true ecosystem composed of human cells, bacteria, fungi, algae, and viruses. As such, humans are not unlike other complex ecosystems containing microbial assemblages observed in the marine and earth environments. They all share a basic functional principle: Chemical communication is the universal language that allows such groups to properly function together. These chemical networks regulate interactions like metabolic exchange, antibiosis and symbiosis, and communication. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Chemical Sciences Roundtable organized a series of four seminars in the autumn of 2016 to explore the current advances, opportunities, and challenges toward unveiling this "chemical dark matter" and its role in the regulation and function of different ecosystems. The first three focused on specific ecosystemsâ€"earth, marine, and humanâ€"and the last on all microbiome systems. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the seminars.

Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Advancing Understanding of the Implications of Environmental-Chemical Interactions with the Human Microbiome
Environmental Chemicals the Human Microbiome and Health Risk Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Advancing Understanding of the Implications of Environmental-Chemical Interactions with the Human Microbiome
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 123 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2018-03-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309468695

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Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Advancing Understanding of the Implications of Environmental-Chemical Interactions with the Human Microbiome Pdf

A great number of diverse microorganisms inhabit the human body and are collectively referred to as the human microbiome. Until recently, the role of the human microbiome in maintaining human health was not fully appreciated. Today, however, research is beginning to elucidate associations between perturbations in the human microbiome and human disease and the factors that might be responsible for the perturbations. Studies have indicated that the human microbiome could be affected by environmental chemicals or could modulate exposure to environmental chemicals. Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk presents a research strategy to improve our understanding of the interactions between environmental chemicals and the human microbiome and the implications of those interactions for human health risk. This report identifies barriers to such research and opportunities for collaboration, highlights key aspects of the human microbiome and its relation to health, describes potential interactions between environmental chemicals and the human microbiome, reviews the risk-assessment framework and reasons for incorporating chemicalâ€"microbiome interactions.

Microbiomes and Plant Health

Manoj Kumar Solanki,Prem Lal Kashyap,Rizwan Ali Ansari,Baby Kumari
Microbiomes and Plant Health Book PDF

Author : Manoj Kumar Solanki,Prem Lal Kashyap,Rizwan Ali Ansari,Baby Kumari
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2020-08-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128226018

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Microbiomes and Plant Health by Manoj Kumar Solanki,Prem Lal Kashyap,Rizwan Ali Ansari,Baby Kumari Pdf

Microbiomes and Plant Health: Panoply and Their Applications includes the most recent advances in phytobiome research. The book emphasizes the use of modern molecular tools such as smart delivery systems for microbiol inoculation, next-generation sequencing, and genome mapping. Chapters discuss a variety of applications and examples, including the sugarcane microbiome, rhizoengineering, nutrient recycling, sustainable agricultural practices and bio-potential of herbal medicinal plants. Written by a range of experts with real-world practical insights, this title is sure to be an essential read for plant and soil microbiologists, phytopathologists, agronomists, and researchers interested in sustainable forestry and agriculture practices. Offers readers a one-stop resource on the topic of plant and soil microbiome and their applications in plant disease, sustainable agriculture, soil health and medicinal plants Addresses the role of phytobiome to combat biotic and abiotic factors Emphasizes the use of modern molecular tools such as smart delivery systems for microbial inoculation, next-generation sequencing and genome mapping

Microbiome and Metabolome in Diagnosis, Therapy, and other Strategic Applications

Joel Faintuch,Salomao Faintuch
Microbiome and Metabolome in Diagnosis Therapy and other Strategic Applications Book PDF

Author : Joel Faintuch,Salomao Faintuch
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 506 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2019-01-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128152508

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Microbiome and Metabolome in Diagnosis, Therapy, and other Strategic Applications by Joel Faintuch,Salomao Faintuch Pdf

Microbiome and Metabolome in Diagnosis, Therapy, and Other Strategic Applications is the first book to simultaneously cover the microbiome and the metabolome in relevant clinical conditions. In a pioneering fashion, it addresses not only the classic intestinal environment, but also the oral, gastric, lung, skin and vaginal microbiome that is in line with the latest investigations. Nonbacterial microbiomes, such as fungi and viruses are not overlooked, and the plasma microbiome is also discussed. As plasma, brain, placenta, tumor cells, and other sterile fluids and tissues, are increasingly recognized to potentially host a microbiome, albeit a limited one, this is a timely resource. The book's editors were fortunate to have the input of renowned collaborators from nearly all continents. This is truly an international effort that brings the latest in the field to students and professionals alike. Provides comprehensive coverage on diagnosis, therapy, pharmacotherapy and disease prevention in context of the microbiome and metabolome Focuses on the proposed physiological or pathological conditions Presents an up-to-date, useful reference

Damp Indoor Spaces and Health

Committee on Damp Indoor Spaces and Health
Damp Indoor Spaces and Health Book PDF

Author : Committee on Damp Indoor Spaces and Health
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2004-08-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309133395

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Damp Indoor Spaces and Health by Committee on Damp Indoor Spaces and Health Pdf

Almost all homes, apartments, and commercial buildings will experience leaks, flooding, or other forms of excessive indoor dampness at some point. Not only is excessive dampness a health problem by itself, it also contributes to several other potentially problematic types of situations. Molds and other microbial agents favor damp indoor environments, and excess moisture may initiate the release of chemical emissions from damaged building materials and furnishings. This new book from the Institute of Medicine examines the health impact of exposures resulting from damp indoor environments and offers recommendations for public health interventions. Damp Indoor Spaces and Health covers a broad range of topics. The book not only examines the relationship between damp or moldy indoor environments and adverse health outcomes but also discusses how and where buildings get wet, how dampness influences microbial growth and chemical emissions, ways to prevent and remediate dampness, and elements of a public health response to the issues. A comprehensive literature review finds sufficient evidence of an association between damp indoor environments and some upper respiratory tract symptoms, coughing, wheezing, and asthma symptoms in sensitized persons. This important book will be of interest to a wide-ranging audience of science, health, engineering, and building professionals, government officials, and members of the public.

The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health

Food Forum,Food and Nutrition Board,Institute of Medicine
The Human Microbiome Diet and Health Book PDF

Author : Food Forum,Food and Nutrition Board,Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 197 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2013-02-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309265867

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The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health by Food Forum,Food and Nutrition Board,Institute of Medicine Pdf

The Food Forum convened a public workshop on February 22-23, 2012, to explore current and emerging knowledge of the human microbiome, its role in human health, its interaction with the diet, and the translation of new research findings into tools and products that improve the nutritional quality of the food supply. The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health: Workshop Summary summarizes the presentations and discussions that took place during the workshop. Over the two day workshop, several themes covered included: The microbiome is integral to human physiology, health, and disease. The microbiome is arguably the most intimate connection that humans have with their external environment, mostly through diet. Given the emerging nature of research on the microbiome, some important methodology issues might still have to be resolved with respect to undersampling and a lack of causal and mechanistic studies. Dietary interventions intended to have an impact on host biology via their impact on the microbiome are being developed, and the market for these products is seeing tremendous success. However, the current regulatory framework poses challenges to industry interest and investment.

Microbiome, Immunity, Digestive Health and Nutrition

Debasis Bagchi,Bernard William Downs
Microbiome Immunity Digestive Health and Nutrition Book PDF

Author : Debasis Bagchi,Bernard William Downs
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 537 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2022-07-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128222393

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Microbiome, Immunity, Digestive Health and Nutrition by Debasis Bagchi,Bernard William Downs Pdf

Microbiome, Immunity, Digestive Health and Nutrition: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Prevention and Treatment addresses a wide range of topics related to the role of nutrition in achieving and maintaining a healthy gut microbiome. Written by leading experts in the field, the book outlines the various foods, minerals, vitamins, dietary fibers, prebiotics, probiotics, nutritional supplements, phytochemicals and drugs that improve gut health. It specifically addresses molecular and cellular mechanisms and pathways by which these nutritional components contribute to the physiology and functionality of a healthy gut microbiome and gut health. Intended for nutrition researchers and practitioners, food experts, gastroenterologists, nurses, general practitioners, public health officials and health professionals, this book is sure to be a welcomed resource. Outlines the nutritional guidelines and healthy lifestyle that is important to boost gut health Demonstrates the effects of diverse environmental stressors in the disruption of the gastrointestinal ecology Discusses the molecular and immunological mechanisms associated with healthy gut microbiome functions Addresses how to boost healthy gut microflora and microbiome Suggests areas for future research of microbiome-based nutrition and therapies

The Routledge Companion to Biology in Art and Architecture

Charissa Terranova,Meredith Tromble
The Routledge Companion to Biology in Art and Architecture Book PDF

Author : Charissa Terranova,Meredith Tromble
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 761 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2016-08-12
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781317419501

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The Routledge Companion to Biology in Art and Architecture by Charissa Terranova,Meredith Tromble Pdf

The Routledge Companion to Biology in Art and Architecture collects thirty essays from a transdisciplinary array of experts on biology in art and architecture. The book presents a diversity of hybrid art-and-science thinking, revealing how science and culture are interwoven. The book situates bioart and bioarchitecture within an expanded field of biology in art, architecture, and design. It proposes an emergent field of biocreativity and outlines its historical and theoretical foundations from the perspective of artists, architects, designers, scientists, historians, and theoreticians. Includes over 150 black and white images.

Let Them Eat Dirt

B. Brett Finlay,Marie-Claire Arrietta
Let Them Eat Dirt Book PDF

Author : B. Brett Finlay,Marie-Claire Arrietta
Publisher : Greystone Books
Page : 999 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2016-09-06
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781771642552

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Let Them Eat Dirt by B. Brett Finlay,Marie-Claire Arrietta Pdf

Our over-sanitized world threatens children’s health, but parents can change their environment into one where they’ll thrive. Babies and young kids are being raised in surroundings that are increasingly cleaner, more hyper hygienic, and more disinfected than ever before. As a result, the beneficial bacteria in their bodies is being altered, promoting conditions and diseases such as obesity, diabetes, asthma, allergies, and autism. As Let Them Eat Dirt shows, there is much that parents can do about this, including breastfeeding if possible, getting a dog, and avoiding antibiotics unless necessary—and yes, it is OK to let kids get a bit dirty.

Living Construction

Martyn Dade-Robertson
Living Construction Book PDF

Author : Martyn Dade-Robertson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2020-10-28
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9780429777073

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Living Construction by Martyn Dade-Robertson Pdf

Modern biotechnologies give us unprecedented control of the fundamental building blocks of life. For designers, across a range of disciplines, emerging fields such as synthetic biology offer the promise of new sustainable materials and structures which may be grown, are self-assembling, self-healing and adaptable to change. While there is a thriving speculative discourse on the future of design in the age of biotechnology, there are few realized design applications. This book, the first in the Bio Design series, acts as a bridge between design speculation and scientific reality and between contemporary design thinking, in areas such as architecture, product design and fashion design, and the traditional engineering approaches which currently dominate biotechnologies. Filled with real examples, Living Construction reveals how living cells construct and transform materials through methods of fabrication and assembly at multiple scales and how designers can utilize these processes.

Superbug

Maryn McKenna
Superbug Book PDF

Author : Maryn McKenna
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2010-03-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1439171831

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Superbug by Maryn McKenna Pdf

LURKING in our homes, hospitals, schools, and farms is a terrifying pathogen that is evolving faster than the medical community can track it or drug developers can create antibiotics to quell it. That pathogen is MRSA—methicillin-resistant Staphyloccocus aureus—and Superbug is the first book to tell the story of its shocking spread and the alarming danger it poses to us all. Doctors long thought that MRSA was confined to hospitals and clinics, infecting almost exclusively those who were either already ill or old. But through remarkable reporting, including hundreds of interviews with the leading researchers and doctors tracking the deadly bacterium, acclaimed science journalist Maryn McKenna reveals the hidden history of MRSA’s relentless advance—how it has overwhelmed hospitals, assaulted families, and infiltrated agriculture and livestock, moving inexorably into the food chain. Taking readers into the medical centers where frustrated physicians must discard drug after drug as they struggle to keep patients alive, she discloses an explosion of cases that demonstrate how MRSA is growing more virulent, while evolving resistance to antibiotics with astonishing speed. It may infect us at any time, no matter how healthy we are; it is carried by a stunning number of our household pets; and it has been detected in food animals from cows to chickens to pigs. With the sensitivity of a novelist, McKenna portrays the emotional and financial devastation endured by MRSA’s victims, vividly describing the many stealthy ways in which the pathogen overtakes the body and the shock and grief of parents whose healthy children were felled by infection in just hours. Through dogged detective work, she discloses the unheard warnings that predicted the current crisis and lays bare the flaws that have allowed MRSA to rage out of control: misplaced government spending, inadequate public health surveillance, misguided agricultural practices, and vast overuse of the few precious drugs we have left. Empowering readers with the knowledge they need for self-defense, Superbug sounds an alarm: MRSA has evolved into a global emergency that touches almost every aspect of modern life. It is, as one deeply concerned researcher tells McKenna, "the biggest thing since AIDS."

Microbiomes of Soils, Plants and Animals

Rachael E. Antwis,Xavier A. Harrison,Michael J. Cox (Ecologist)
Microbiomes of Soils Plants and Animals Book PDF

Author : Rachael E. Antwis,Xavier A. Harrison,Michael J. Cox (Ecologist)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Microbial ecology
ISBN : 110865441X

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Microbiomes of Soils, Plants and Animals by Rachael E. Antwis,Xavier A. Harrison,Michael J. Cox (Ecologist) Pdf

A comparative, holistic synthesis of microbiome research, spanning soil, plant, animal and human hosts.

Viruses, Bacteria and Fungi in the Built Environment

F Pacheco Torgal,Volodymyr Ivanov,Joseph O. Falkinham
Viruses Bacteria and Fungi in the Built Environment Book PDF

Author : F Pacheco Torgal,Volodymyr Ivanov,Joseph O. Falkinham
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780323852210

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Viruses, Bacteria and Fungi in the Built Environment by F Pacheco Torgal,Volodymyr Ivanov,Joseph O. Falkinham Pdf

Viruses, Bacteria and Fungi in the Built Environment: Designing Healthy Indoor Environments opens with a brief introduction to viruses, bacteria and fungi in the built environment and discusses their impact on human health. Sections discuss the microbiology of building materials, the airborne transmission of viruses and bacteria in the built environment, and plumbing-associated microbiome. As the first book on this important area to be written in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, this work will be a valuable reference resource for researchers, civil engineers, architects, postgraduate students, contractors and other professionals working and interested in the field of the built environment. Elements of building design, including choice of materials, ventilation and plumbing can have important implications for the microbiology of a building, and consequently, the health of the building's occupants. This important new reference work explains the microbiology of buildings and disease control in the built environment to those who design and implement new construction and renovate. Provides an essential guide on the microbiology of buildings, covering bacteria, fungi and viruses on surfaces, in air and in water Comprehensively examines how humidity influences fungal growth in several building materials Includes important information about the airborne transmission of infectious agents Addresses ventilation design to improve human health Presents the first book on disease control in buildings since the COVID-19 pandemic