Migrants And Identity In Japan And Brazil

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Migrants and Identity in Japan and Brazil

Daniela de Carvalho
Migrants and Identity in Japan and Brazil Book PDF

Author : Daniela de Carvalho
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2003-08-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781135787653

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Migrants and Identity in Japan and Brazil by Daniela de Carvalho Pdf

Economic and social difficulties at the beginning of the 20th century caused many Japanese to emigrate to Brazil. The situation was reversed in the 1980s as a result of economic downturn in Brazil and labour shortages in Japan. This book examines the construction and reconstruction of the ethnic identities of people of Japanese descent, firstly in the process of emigration to Brazil up to the 1980s, and secondly in the process of return migration to Japan in the 1990s. The closed nature of Japan's social history means that the effect of return migration' can clearly be seen. Japan is to some extent a unique sociological specimen owing to the absence of any tradition of receiving immigrants. This book is first of all about migration, but also covers the important related issues of ethnic identity and the construction of ethnic communities. It addresses the issues from the dual perspective of Japan and Brazil. The findings suggest that mutual contact has led neither to a state of conflict nor to one of peaceful coexistence, but rather to an assertion of difference. It is argued that the Nikkeijin consent strategically to the social definitions imposed upon their identities and that the issue of the Nikkeijin presence is closely related to the emerging diversity of Japanese society.

Searching for Home Abroad

Jeff Lesser
Searching for Home Abroad Book PDF

Author : Jeff Lesser
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2003-09-15
Category : History
ISBN : 0822331489

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Searching for Home Abroad by Jeff Lesser Pdf

DIVA multidisciplinary study of the transnational cultural identity of Brazilian nationals of Japanese descent and their more recent attempts to re-settle in Japan./div

Diaspora and Identity

Mieko Nishida
Diaspora and Identity Book PDF

Author : Mieko Nishida
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2017-11-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780824867935

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Diaspora and Identity by Mieko Nishida Pdf

São Paulo, Brazil, holds the largest number of Japanese descendants outside Japan, and they have been there for six generations. Japanese immigration to Brazil started in 1908 to replace European immigrants to work in São Paulo’s expanding coffee industry. It peaked in the late 1920s and early 1930s as anti-Japanese sentiment grew in Brazil. Approximately 189,000 Japanese entered Brazil by 1942 in mandatory family units. After the war, prewar immigrants and their descendants became quickly concentrated in São Paulo City. Immigration from Japan resumed in 1952, and by 1993 some 54,000 immigrants arrived in Brazil. By 1980, the majority of Japanese Brazilians had joined the urban middle class and many had been mixed racially. In the mid-1980s, Japanese Brazilians’ “return” labor migrations to Japan began on a large scale. More than 310,000 Brazilian citizens were residing in Japan in June 2008, when the centenary of Japanese immigration was widely celebrated in Brazil. The story does not end there. The global recession that started in 2008 soon forced unemployed Brazilians in Japan and their Japanese-born children to return to Brazil. Based on her research in Brazil and Japan, Mieko Nishida challenges the essentialized categories of “the Japanese” in Brazil and “Brazilians” in Japan, with special emphasis on gender. Nishida deftly argues that Japanese Brazilian identity has never been a static, fixed set of traits that can be counted and inventoried. Rather it is about being and becoming, a process of identity in motion responding to the push-and-pull between being positioned and positioning in a historically changing world. She examines Japanese immigrants and their descendants’ historically shifting sense of identity, which comes from their experiences of historical changes in socioeconomic and political structure in both Brazil and Japan. Each chapter illustrates how their identity is perpetually in formation, across generation, across gender, across class, across race, and in the movement of people between nations. Diaspora and Identity makes an important contribution to the understanding of the historical development of ethnic, racial, and national identities; as well as construction of the Japanese diaspora in Brazil and its response to time, place, and circumstances.

Strangers in the Ethnic Homeland

Takeyuki Tsuda
Strangers in the Ethnic Homeland Book PDF

Author : Takeyuki Tsuda
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : History
ISBN : 023112838X

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Strangers in the Ethnic Homeland by Takeyuki Tsuda Pdf

With an immigrant population currently estimated at roughly 280,000, Japanese Brazilians are now the second largest group of foreigners in Japan. Although they are of Japanese descent, most were born in Brazil and are culturally Brazilian. As a result, they have become Japan's newest ethnic minority. Drawing upon close to two years of multisite fieldwork in Brazil and Japan, Takeyuki Tsuda has written a comprehensive ethnography that examines the ethnic experiences and reactions of both Japanese Brazilian immigrants and their native Japanese hosts.

Brokered Homeland

Joshua Hotaka Roth
Brokered Homeland Book PDF

Author : Joshua Hotaka Roth
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0801488087

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Brokered Homeland by Joshua Hotaka Roth Pdf

Faced with an aging workforce, Japanese firms are hiring foreign workers in ever-increasing numbers. In 1990 Japan's government began encouraging the migration of Nikkeijin (overseas Japanese) who are presumed to assimilate more easily than are foreign nationals without a Japanese connection. More than 250,000 Nikkeijin, mainly from Brazil, now work in Japan. The interactions between Nikkeijin and natives, says Joshua Hotaka Roth, play a significant role in the emergence of an increasingly multicultural Japan. He uses the experiences of Japanese Brazilians in Japan to illuminate the racial, cultural, linguistic, and other criteria groups use to distinguish themselves from one another. Roth's analysis is enriched by on-site observations at festivals, in factories, and in community centers, as well as by interviews with workers, managers, employment brokers, and government officials.Considered both "essentially Japanese" and "foreign," nikkeijin benefit from preferential immigration policy, yet face economic and political strictures that marginalize them socially and deny them membership in local communities. Although the literature on immigration tends to blame native blue-collar workers for tense relations with migrants, Roth makes a compelling case for a more complex definition of the relationships among class, nativism, and foreign labor. Brokered Homeland is enlivened by Roth's own experience: in Japan, he came to think of himself as nikkeijin, rather than as Japanese-American.

Strangers in the Ethnic Homeland

Takeyuki Tsuda
Strangers in the Ethnic Homeland Book PDF

Author : Takeyuki Tsuda
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2003-04-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780231502344

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Strangers in the Ethnic Homeland by Takeyuki Tsuda Pdf

Since the late 1980s, Brazilians of Japanese descent have been "return" migrating to Japan as unskilled foreign workers. With an immigrant population currently estimated at roughly 280,000, Japanese Brazilians are now the second largest group of foreigners in Japan. Although they are of Japanese descent, most were born in Brazil and are culturally Brazilian. As a result, they have become Japan's newest ethnic minority. Drawing upon close to two years of multisite fieldwork in Brazil and Japan, Takeyuki Tsuda has written a comprehensive ethnography that examines the ethnic experiences and reactions of both Japanese Brazilian immigrants and their native Japanese hosts. In response to their socioeconomic marginalization in their ethnic homeland, Japanese Brazilians have strengthened their Brazilian nationalist sentiments despite becoming members of an increasingly well-integrated transnational migrant community. Although such migrant nationalism enables them to resist assimilationist Japanese cultural pressures, its challenge to Japanese ethnic attitudes and ethnonational identity remains inherently contradictory. Strangers in the Ethnic Homeland illuminates how cultural encounters caused by transnational migration can reinforce local ethnic identities and nationalist discourses.

Sentiment, Language, and the Arts: The Japanese- Brazilian Heritage

Shūhei Hosokawa
Sentiment Language and the Arts The Japanese Brazilian Heritage Book PDF

Author : Shūhei Hosokawa
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 406 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2019-11-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789004396395

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Sentiment, Language, and the Arts: The Japanese- Brazilian Heritage by Shūhei Hosokawa Pdf

Sentiments, Language, and the Arts: The Japanese-Brazilian Heritage explores the complex feelings of Japanese immigrants in Brazil, focusing on their yearning for “home” as a way of interpreting the shifting nature of their identity. To understand the immigrants’ lives and feelings from their own perspective, Hosokawa looks closely at their poetry, linguistic activities such as the borrowing of Portuguese words, amateur speech contests, and a fantasy about the shared origins of Japanese and the Brazilian indigenous language Tupi. He also examines the issue of group identity through the performing arts, analyzing the reception of Japanese sopranos who sang the title role in Madam Butterfly, participation in Carnival parades, and the oral storytelling of their history in popular narratives called rôkyoku. Translated from Japanese by Paul Warham.

Living Transnationally between Japan and Brazil

Sarah A. LeBaron von Baeyer
Living Transnationally between Japan and Brazil Book PDF

Author : Sarah A. LeBaron von Baeyer
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2019-11-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9781498580373

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Living Transnationally between Japan and Brazil by Sarah A. LeBaron von Baeyer Pdf

Based on over two years of participant-observation in labor brokerage firms, factories, schools, churches, and people’s homes in Japan and Brazil, Sarah LeBaron von Baeyer presents an ethnographic portrait of what it means in practice to “live transnationally,” that is, to contend with the social, institutional, and aspirational landscapes bridging different national settings. Rather than view Japanese-Brazilian labor migrants and their families as somehow lost or caught between cultures, she demonstrates how they in fact find creative and flexible ways of belonging to multiple places at once. At the same time, the author pays close attention to the various constraints and possibilities that people face as they navigate other dimensions of their lives besides ethnic or national identity, namely, family, gender, class, age, work, education, and religion

Jesus Loves Japan

Suma Ikeuchi
Jesus Loves Japan Book PDF

Author : Suma Ikeuchi
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Religion
ISBN : 1503607968

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Jesus Loves Japan by Suma Ikeuchi Pdf

After the introduction of the "long-term resident" visa, the mass-migration of Nikkeis (Japanese Brazilians) has led to roughly 190,000 Brazilian nationals living in Japan. While the ancestry-based visa confers Nikkeis' right to settlement virtually as a right of blood, their ethnic ambiguity and working-class profile often prevent them from feeling at home in their supposed ethnic homeland. In response, many have converted to Pentecostalism, reflecting the explosive trend across Latin America since the 1970s. Jesus Loves Japan offers a rare window into lives at the crossroads of return migration and global Pentecostalism. Suma Ikeuchi argues that charismatic Christianity appeals to Nikkei migrants as a "third culture"--one that transcends ethno-national boundaries and offers a way out of a reality marked by stagnant national indifference. Jesus Loves Japan insightfully describes the political process of homecoming through the lens of religion, and the ubiquitous figure of the migrant as the pilgrim of a transnational future.

No One Home

Daniel Touro Linger
No One Home Book PDF

Author : Daniel Touro Linger
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : SOCIAL SCIENCE
ISBN : 1503618773

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No One Home by Daniel Touro Linger Pdf

The movement of Brazilians of Japanese descent to Japan is one of the most intriguing transnational migrations of recent years. In 1990, seeking a supply of ethnically acceptable unskilled workers, Japan permitted overseas Japanese, along with their spouses and children, to enter the country as long-term residents. The prospect of high salaries eventually drew about 200,000 nikkeis, as Brazilians of Japanese descent often call themselves, to Japan, making them Japan's third-largest minority group. No One Home is an ethnographic study, based on fieldwork and extensive personal interviews, of nikkeis living in Toyota City. The migrants' dual identities coexist uneasily. The book focuses on how Brazilian factory workers and their children work through the problems arising from their ambiguous status. In Toyota City and environs, Brazilian men and women do hard, dirty, and dangerous physical labor in automobile-parts plants that supply Toyota Motors and other large automobile manufacturers. Japanese schools confront their children with an array of cultural, linguistic, educational, and personal obstacles. In the immediacies of the shop floor, classroom, and their leisure activities, nikkeis remake in Japan selves they had forged as citizens of Brazil, a process that is dynamic, varied, and unpredictable. The book complements the recent literature on transnationalism in several important respects. While recognizing the influence of global economics and media, it emphasizes how transnationalism is lived. It highlights people's experiences rather than the conditions of those experiences, and examines their senses of self rather than identity constructs. Instead of treating neighbors and interviewees as members of social categories, the author explores personal realms--the rich, complex, idiosyncratic selves nikkeis continually refashion during their sojourn in Japan. Overall, he underlines the significance of consciousness, experience, and biography for comprehensive studies of transnationalism and identity.

Acquired Alterity

Edward Mack
Acquired Alterity Book PDF

Author : Edward Mack
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2022-01-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9780520383043

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Acquired Alterity by Edward Mack Pdf

"A free open access ebook is available upon publication. Learn more at www.luminosoa.org. This is the first monograph-length study in English of the Japanese-language literary activities-both reading and writing-of Japanese migrants to Brazil. It provides a detailed history of Japanese-language bookstores, serialized newspaper fiction, original creative works, and critical apparatuses that existed in Brazil prior to World War II, all contextualized within a history of the first decades of that migration. While functioning in part as an introduction to this community and its literature, the book explores issues related to the politics of critiquing literary texts collectively, a logical move that is at the core of many literary studies today. Acquired Alterity presents a case study of one substantial diasporic population and the self-representations of a number of its members, while at the same time providing a challenge to a dominant mode of literary study, in which texts are often explicitly or implicitly understood through a framework of ethno-nationalism. These subjects reveal the logical flaws in this framework through what Edward Mack is calling their "acquired alterity," the process by which their presumed innate identity is challenged, and the subjects become other to the systems they had conceived themselves as belonging to. The book prompts a reconsideration of the ramifications (and motivations) of literary and cultural analyses of collections of texts and the peoplehood constructs that are often the true objects of that knowledge production"--

No One Home

Daniel Touro Linger
No One Home Book PDF

Author : Daniel Touro Linger
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0804741824

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No One Home by Daniel Touro Linger Pdf

This is an ethnographic study, based on fieldwork and extensive personal interviews, of Brazilians of Japanese descent who have migrated to Japan in response to the government's call for ethnically acceptable unskilled workers. These people of Toyota City are among 200,000 Brazilians of Japanese descent who live in Japan today, forming Japan's third-largest minority group.

The Making of Japanese Settler Colonialism

Sidney Xu Lu
The Making of Japanese Settler Colonialism Book PDF

Author : Sidney Xu Lu
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2019-07-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9781108482424

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The Making of Japanese Settler Colonialism by Sidney Xu Lu Pdf

Shows how Japanese anxiety about overpopulation was used to justify expansion, blurring lines between migration and settler colonialism. This title is also available as Open Access.

Japan and Global Migration

Mike Douglass,Glenda Roberts
Japan and Global Migration Book PDF

Author : Mike Douglass,Glenda Roberts
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 397 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2015-04-22
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781134655090

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Japan and Global Migration by Mike Douglass,Glenda Roberts Pdf

Japan and Global Migration brings together current research on foreign workers and households from a variety of different perspectives. This influx has had a substantial impact on Japan's economic, social and political landscape. The book asks three major questions: whether the recent wave of migration constitutes a new multicultural age challenging Japan's identity as homogenous society; how foreign workers confront the many difficulties living in Japan; how Japanese society is both resisting and accommodating the growing presence of foreign workers in their communities. This book contains the most up to date, original data on Japanese migrant culture available. Its inescapable conclusion is that the multicultural age has finally come to Japan; the question is whether foreign workers will be legally and socially assimilated into the fabric of Japanese society or will continue to be treated as temporary entrants with limited civil rights. The book is written with postgraduate students in Asian studies, Japanese studies, political science, sociology, anthropology and migration studies, in mind.

Jesus Loves Japan

Suma Ikeuchi
Jesus Loves Japan Book PDF

Author : Suma Ikeuchi
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2019-06-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781503609358

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Jesus Loves Japan by Suma Ikeuchi Pdf

A study of ethnic Japanese, Brazilian, Pentecostal Christians living in Japan. After the introduction of the “long-term resident” visa, the mass-migration of Nikkeis (Japanese Brazilians) has led to roughly 190,000 Brazilian nationals living in Japan. While the ancestry-based visa confers Nikkeis’ right to settlement virtually as a right of blood, their ethnic ambiguity and working-class profile often prevent them from feeling at home in their supposed ethnic homeland. In response, many have converted to Pentecostalism, reflecting the explosive trend across Latin America since the 1970s. Jesus Loves Japan offers a rare window into lives at the crossroads of return migration and global Pentecostalism. Suma Ikeuchi argues that charismatic Christianity appeals to Nikkei migrants as a “third culture”—one that transcends ethno-national boundaries and offers a way out of a reality marked by stagnant national indifference. Jesus Loves Japan insightfully describes the political process of homecoming through the lens of religion, and the ubiquitous figure of the migrant as the pilgrim of a transnational future. Praise for Jesus Loves Japan “Transnational migrants find spiritual sustenance in Suma Ikeuchi’s careful, sensitive ethnography. In showing how Pentecostalism grants meaning to a bleak existence, Ikeuchi opens new vistas in our understanding of Japanese Brazilians residing in Japan. She offers fresh insights to all interested in identity puzzles, self-making, religious conversion, and global movement.” —Daniel T. Linger, Professor Emeritus of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Cruz “Suma Ikeuchi’s nuanced fieldwork among Japanese Brazilians (Nikkei) employed in Japan exposes the flawed hemato-logic of government and corporate officials who believed that ancestry (“blood”) alone would make Nikkei more assimilable than other foreign guest workers. This book demonstrates the primacy of culture over “blood” as a cipher for ethnicity.” —Jennifer Robertson, author of Robo Sapiens Japanicus: Robots, Gender, Family, and the Japanese Nation (2018) “This is a remarkable book about a remarkable situation. Through wonderfully vivid ethnography, Ikeuchi documents the lives of Brazilian Pentecostal converts in Japan as they negotiate identities as migrants, homecomers, pilgrims, and believers. In the process, the book becomes an anthropological meditation on time, belonging, sincerity, and the multiple meanings of making connections through blood.” —Simon Coleman, Chancellor Jackman Professor, University of Toronto