Military Control In Pakistan

Author : Mazhar Aziz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 157 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2007-10-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134074105

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Military Control in Pakistan by Mazhar Aziz Pdf

This volume examines the role of the military, the most influential actor in Pakistan, and challenges conventional wisdom on the causes of political instability in this geographically important nuclear state. It rejects views that ethnic and religious cleavages and perceived economic or political mismanagement by civilian governments triggers military intervention in Pakistan. The study argues instead that the military intervenes to remove civilian governments where the latter are perceived to be undermining the military’s institutional interests. Mazhar Aziz shows that the Pakistani military has become a parallel state, and given the extent of its influence, will continue to define the nature of governance within the polity. Overall, Military Control in Pakistan is a timely reminder and an important resource for both scholars and policy makers, clearly demonstrating the need to refocus attention on the problem of an influential military whilst drawing appropriate conclusions about issues ranging from democratic norms, political representation and civilian-military relations.

Author : Mazhar Aziz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2007-10-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781134074099

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Military Control in Pakistan by Mazhar Aziz Pdf

This volume examines the role of the military, the most influential actor in Pakistan, and challenges conventional wisdom on the causes of political instability in this geographically important nuclear state. It rejects views that ethnic and religious cleavages and perceived economic or political mismanagement by civilian governments triggers military intervention in Pakistan. The study argues instead that the military intervenes to remove civilian governments where the latter are perceived to be undermining the military’s institutional interests. Mazhar Aziz shows that the Pakistani military has become a parallel state, and given the extent of its influence, will continue to define the nature of governance within the polity. Overall, Military Control in Pakistan is a timely reminder and an important resource for both scholars and policy makers, clearly demonstrating the need to refocus attention on the problem of an influential military whilst drawing appropriate conclusions about issues ranging from democratic norms, political representation and civilian-military relations.

Author : Aqil Shah
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2014-04-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674728936

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The Army and Democracy by Aqil Shah Pdf

In sharp contrast to neighboring India, the Muslim nation of Pakistan has been ruled by its military for over three decades. The Army and Democracy identifies steps for reforming Pakistan’s armed forces and reducing its interference in politics, and sees lessons for fragile democracies striving to bring the military under civilian control.

Author : Husain Haqqani
Publisher : Carnegie Endowment
Page : 413 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2010-03-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780870032851

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Pakistan by Husain Haqqani Pdf

Among U.S. allies in the war against terrorism, Pakistan cannot be easily characterized as either friend or foe. Nuclear-armed Pakistan is an important center of radical Islamic ideas and groups. Since 9/11, the selective cooperation of president General Pervez Musharraf in sharing intelligence with the United States and apprehending al Qaeda members has led to the assumption that Pakistan might be ready to give up its longstanding ties with radical Islam. But Pakistan's status as an Islamic ideological state is closely linked with the Pakistani elite's worldview and the praetorian ambitions of its military. This book analyzes the origins of the relationships between Islamist groups and Pakistan's military, and explores the nation's quest for identity and security. Tracing how the military has sought U.S. support by making itself useful for concerns of the moment—while continuing to strengthen the mosque-military alliance within Pakistan—Haqqani offers an alternative view of political developments since the country's independence in 1947.

Author : Veena Kukreja
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : Armed Forces
ISBN : UOM:39015011021246

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Military Intervention in Politics by Veena Kukreja Pdf

This Study Analyses The Phenomenon Of Military Intervention In Politics In Pakistan Within A Theoretical Framework, Utilizing Existing Hypotheses And Theories On The Subject. The Work Begins With A Review Of Extant Literature On Military Intervention And The Modernization Capabilities Of The Military. An Attempt Has Been Made To Synthesize Different Theoretical Approaches Into A Comprehensive Multi-Factorial Analytical Model For Explaining The Particular Cases Here Studied. The Model Seeks To Relate A Series Of Variables To Military Intervention Subsumed Under Three Independent Or Casual Summary Variables, Namely, (I) The Nature Of The Military Establishment, (Ii) The Strength Or Weakness Of The Civilian Political Institutions, And (Iii) The Domestic Socio-Economic And International Environments.

Author : Ayesha Siddiqa-Agha
Publisher : Pluto Press (UK)
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Civil-military relations
ISBN : 178680011X

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Military Inc by Ayesha Siddiqa-Agha Pdf

Pakistan is a strategic ally of the US in the 'war on terror'. It is the third largest recipient of US aid in the world. Yet Pakistan is a state run by its army and intelligence service. Operating in the shadows, Pakistan's military industrial complex owns and controls swathes of the economic and political landscape of the country. Military Inc. dares to illuminate the military as an oppressive holding company possessing not just security-related businesses, but also hotels, shopping malls, insurance companies, banks, farms and even an airline. The result is a deeply undemocratic society, where money is funnelled towards the military's economic enterprises, leaving those in need of it impoverished and effectively disenfranchised. With an empirical richness, and a view to Pakistan's recent history, Ayesha Siddiqa offers a detailed and powerful case study of a global phenomenon: corruption, hollow economic growth and elitism. This new edition includes a chapter on the recent developments of the military's foray into the media, and a new preface.

Author : Tariq Ali
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1970
Category : Insurgency
ISBN : UCAL:B4510251

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Pakistan by Tariq Ali Pdf

Author : Aqil Shah
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2014-04-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780674419773

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The Army and Democracy by Aqil Shah Pdf

Since Pakistan gained independence in 1947, only once has an elected government completed its tenure and peacefully transferred power to another elected government. In sharp contrast to neighboring India, the Muslim nation has been ruled by its military for over three decades. Even when they were not directly in control of the government, the armed forces maintained a firm grip on national politics. How the military became Pakistan’s foremost power elite and what its unchecked authority means for the future of this nuclear-armed nation are among the crucial questions Aqil Shah takes up in The Army and Democracy. Pakistan’s and India’s armies inherited their organization, training, and doctrines from their British predecessor, along with an ethic that regarded politics as outside the military domain. But Pakistan’s weak national solidarity, exacerbated by a mentality that saw war with India looming around every corner, empowered the military to take national security and ultimately government into its own hands. As the military’s habit of disrupting the natural course of politics gained strength over time, it arrested the development of democratic institutions. Based on archival materials, internal military documents, and over 100 interviews with politicians, civil servants, and Pakistani officers, including four service chiefs and three heads of the clandestine Inter-Services Intelligence, The Army and Democracy provides insight into the military’s contentious relationship with Pakistan’s civilian government. Shah identifies steps for reforming Pakistan’s armed forces and reducing its interference in politics, and sees lessons for fragile democracies striving to bring the military under civilian control.

Author : Shahrukh Rafi Khan,Aasim Sajjad Akhtar
Publisher : Anthem Press
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2014-11-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781783082988

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The Military and Denied Development in the Pakistani Punjab by Shahrukh Rafi Khan,Aasim Sajjad Akhtar Pdf

This book focuses on the retrogressive agrarian interventions by the Pakistani military in rural Punjab and explores the social resentment and resistance it triggered, potentially undermining the consensus on a security state in Pakistan. Set against the overbearing and socially unjust role of the military in Pakistan’s economy, this book documents a breakdown in the accepted function of the military beyond its constitutionally mandated role of defence. Accompanying earlier work on military involvement in industry, commerce, finance and real estate, the authors’ research contributes to a wider understanding of military intervention, revealing its hand in various sectors of the economy and, consequently, its gains in power and economic autonomy.

Author : Saeed Shafqat
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2019-08-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9780429723377

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Civil-military Relations In Pakistan by Saeed Shafqat Pdf

Taking an explicitly comparative theoretical approach, Saeed Shafqat presents a comprehensive exploration of civil-military relations in Pakistan. He begins by describing the history of military hegemony in this volatile South Asian country and then examines the breakdown of military control, assessing the rise of the Pakistan People's Party and th

Author : Golam Wahed Choudhury
Publisher : UBC Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Pakistan
ISBN : UOM:39015015390142

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Pakistan, Transition from Military to Civilian Rule by Golam Wahed Choudhury Pdf

Pakistan: Between Mosque and Military provides unprecedentedinsight into the fascinating political history of this alliance'sorigins and explores Pakistan's quest for identity and security. Inthis provocative history, Carnegie Scholar Husain Haqqani reveals thedepth of links between the Pakistani military and Islamists, whiledetailing the risks of this "unholy alliance" for theUnited States. Tracing how the military has sought U.S. support bymaking itself useful for concerns-of-the-moment -- whilecontinuing to strengthen the mosque-military alliance within Pakistan-- the book offers an alternative view of political developmentsin Pakistan since independence in 1947.

Author : Ayesha Siddiqa
Publisher : Pluto Press
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2007-05-09
Category : History
ISBN : 0745325459

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Military Inc. by Ayesha Siddiqa Pdf

Pakistan has emerged as a strategic ally of the United States in the "war on terror." It is the third largest recipient of U.S. aid in the world. But how stable is Pakistan? Ayesha Siddiqa shows how the military has gradually gained control of Pakistan's political, social, and economic resources. T his power has transformed Pakistani society, where the armed forces have become an independent class. The military is entrenched in the corporate sector and controls the country's largest companies and large tracts of real estate. So Pakistan's companies and its main assets are in the hands of a tiny minority of senior army officials. Siddiqa examines this military economy and the consequences of merging the military and corporate sectors. Does democracy have a future in the new Pakistan? Will the generals ever withdraw to the barracks. Military Inc. analyzes the internal and external dynamics of this gradual power-building and the impact that it is having on Pakistan's political and economic development.

Author : Ravi Shekhar Narain Singh Singh
Publisher : Lancer Publishers
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Civil-military relations
ISBN : 0981537898

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The Military Factor in Pakistan by Ravi Shekhar Narain Singh Singh Pdf

Pakistan's politics, governance, institutional capacities, internal and external security, and the nation-building process are at a critical juncture. The stance of the military, thus, will be a critical factor in determining the future course of Pakistan. Under the prevailing scenario in the country, any elected government would need to reestablish the viability and vitality of the state. Should it fail, the army would be compelled to intervene to save the country from falling apart. For an objective and in-depth analysis as to how Pakistan has arrived at this critical juncture, it is important to delve into the personalities and processes that have shaped the destiny of the country. The future of Pakistan is dependent on the flux and interplay of the internal and external processes and compulsions. This book, therefore, traces the military underpinnings in the political, geopolitical, strategic, economic, religious, sociological, and sectarian journey that Pakistan has made over the last sixty years.

Author : Mariam Mufti,Sahar Shafqat,Niloufer Siddiqui
Publisher : Georgetown University Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2020-05-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781626167711

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Pakistan's Political Parties by Mariam Mufti,Sahar Shafqat,Niloufer Siddiqui Pdf

Pakistan’s 2018 general elections marked the second successful transfer of power from one elected civilian government to another—a remarkable achievement considering the country’s history of dictatorial rule. Pakistan’s Political Parties examines how the civilian side of the state’s current regime has survived the transition to democracy, providing critical insight into the evolution of political parties in Pakistan and their role in developing democracies in general. Pakistan’s numerous political parties span the ideological spectrum, as well as represent diverse regional, ethnic, and religious constituencies. The essays in this volume explore the way in which these parties both contend and work with Pakistan’s military-bureaucratic establishment to assert and expand their power. Researchers use interviews, surveys, data, and ethnography to illuminate the internal dynamics and motivations of these groups and the mechanisms through which they create policy and influence state and society. Pakistan’s Political Parties is a one-of-a-kind resource for diplomats, policymakers, journalists, and scholars searching for a comprehensive overview of Pakistan’s party system and its unlikely survival against an interventionist military, with insights that extend far beyond the region.

Author : Shah Alam,Shāh ʻĀlam,Centre for Land Warfare Studies (New Delhi, India)
Publisher : K W Publishers Pvt Limited
Page : 126 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Pakistan
ISBN : 9380502990

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Pakistan Military's Role in Governance by Shah Alam,Shāh ʻĀlam,Centre for Land Warfare Studies (New Delhi, India) Pdf

The book traces the genesis of Pakistan military's role in the governance of the country. With a focus on the military's political role, the book comprehensively explains the military's intrusion into politics and its implications. Governance in Pakistan is a complicated balancing act between the elected civilian leaders and the military chiefs. Primarily, it is a power-sharing arrangement in which the military has significant influence over security, defence, foreign policy and domestic issues. Delineating on how nuclear programme came under military control, the author states that the military can and will influence the nature and direction of political change even without directly assuming power. Since inception, Pakistan faced several challenges - internal security, law and order problems, financial and industrial constraints, and shortage of arms. The continued political uncertainties and domestic disturbances resulted in the expansion of functions performed by the military. The multi-dimensional role played by the military due to weak civilian institutions, factionalism and external challenges, accelerated its participation in the governance of the country. The early deaths of Mohammad Ali Jinnah and Prime Minister Liaqat Ali Khan created a leadership vacuum. The successive prime ministers' inability in providing stable governments and continued political uncertainties provided opportunities to the military directly to assume power. The military under the leadership of Gen Ayub Khan assumed power in October 1958. The successive military regimes (Gen Zia and Gen Musharraf's regime) employed the same tools in removing the elected civilian leaders. Judiciary strengthened the hands of the military rulers by legitimising their coups through their verdicts, thus playing a crucial role in strengthening and sustaining the Generals. The book delves into the internal dynamics and external factors that increased the influence of the military in Pakistan's polity, economy and society.