Military Intervention And A Crisis Of Democracy In Turkey

Author : Mogens Pelt
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2014-06-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9781786734990

Get Book

Military Intervention and a Crisis of Democracy in Turkey by Mogens Pelt Pdf

Adnan Menderes' election to power in 1950 signalled a new epoch in the history of modern Turkey. For the first time a democratic government ruled the country, taking over Kemal Ataturk's political heirs, the People's Republican Party (CHP), and challenging the Kemalist elite's monopoly on the control of state institutions and society itself. However, this period was short-lived. In 1960, Turkey's army staged a coup d'etat and Menderes was hanged the following year. Here, Mogens Pelt beings by examining the era of the rule of the Democratic Party, and what led to its downfall. Among the chief accusations raised against Menderes by the army was that he had undermined the principles of the founder of modern Turkey, Ataturk, and that he had exploited religion for political purposes. Military Intervention and a Crisis Democracy in Turkey furthermore, and crucially, examines the legacy of the military intervention that brought this era of democratic rule to an end. Although the armed forces officially returned power to the civilians in 1961, this intervention - indeed, this crisis of democracy - allowed the military to become a major player in Turkey's political process, weakening the role of elected politicians. The officer corps claimed that the army was the legal guardian of Kemalism, and that it had the right and duty to intervene again, if the circumstances proscribed it and when it deemed that the values of Ataturk were threatened. Indeed, these were precisely that ground on which the armed forces justified its coup d'etats of 1971 and 1980. This unique exploration of the Menderes period sheds new light on the shaping of post-war Turkey and will be vital for those researching the Turkish Republic, and the influence of the military in its destiny.

Author : Metin Heper,Ahmet Evin
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2011-10-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783110846881

Get Book

State, Democracy, and the Military by Metin Heper,Ahmet Evin Pdf

Author : William Hale
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2013-09-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781136101403

Get Book

Turkish Politics and the Military by William Hale Pdf

Turkey's geographical position, between the Middle East and Europe and at the centre of the current upheavals in the USSR and the Balkans, has led to a reawakening of interest in its international standing. Meanwhile its domestic politics are of increasing interest and Turkey seems to have become a model for Liberal Democracy in Central Asia. David Hale focuses on the role of the military in contemporary politics. He author argues that the military has behaved quite differently from its counterparts in other third world states: it has acted in some degree as a guardian of the state, committed to economic and social modernisation. The book places contemporary politics in perspective by looking at the evolution of the armed forces in Turkey from the end of the eighteenth century. The author traces the role of the military through the establishment of the Republic, the military coups of 1960 and 1980, the gradual return to civilian government of the sixties and seventies, and the military disengagement from politics of 1983 onwards. Hale is interested in the army as an actor in the political drama rather than in the professional functions of soldiers, and his historical exposition reveals much about the modern scene.

Author : George S. Harris
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 187 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2023-01-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000817126

Get Book

Turkey by George S. Harris Pdf

First published in 1985, Turkey: Coping with Crisis is a comprehensive survey of the Turkish experience tracing the Turks through the ages to provide the background essential to understanding contemporary Turkey. Noting the problems that possession of an empire left for its modern successor state and evaluating the role of the military in Turkish politics, Dr Harris provides insight into the political challenges facing the country and finds that the success of policies for economic development is the key to overall political success of modern Turkey. He analyses the constitutional structure, showing how modifications in proportional representation have helped create a more effective government. Dr Harris concludes that Turkey has the resources and dedication to representative government necessary to solve its most pressing problems. This is an essential read for students of international politics, Turkish politics, Turkish history, and Middle East studies.

Author : Lucille W. Pevsner
Publisher : Greenwood
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Political Science
ISBN : UOM:39015010223132

Get Book

Turkey's Political Crisis by Lucille W. Pevsner Pdf

Author : Susanne Voigt
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 53 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2008-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783638917902

Get Book

Military Regimes in Turkey and Greece - A Comparative Analysis by Susanne Voigt Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Politics - Miscellaneous, grade: 1,7, Marmara University, course: Turkish Greek relations, 26 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: This term paper shall take a deeper look at the military regimes in Turkey and Greece. For a better understanding of the historical background an overview over the military regimes in point 2 of the term paper is inevitable. After that in point 3 - the main part of the paper - a comparative analysis is carried out whereby at first the theoretical framework is pointed out before it comes to the actual comparison. My analysis focuses on the military regimes that were evoked by coups d' tat in both countries. With limitations to space I only draw attention to the last military regimes in both countries, meaning the junta in Greece from 1967-74 and in Turkey from 1980-83. Those timeframes are to be compared in this term paper. In the following part 4 I will also draw my attention to the role of the military in Greece and Turkey today, how the perception of the military changed and the role it is taking in the current society with regard to its power and influence. This will lead to a final estimation in the last part of the term paper.

Author : Nesecan Balkan,Sungur Savran
Publisher : Nova Biomedical Books
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015055092822

Get Book

The Politics of Permanent Crisis by Nesecan Balkan,Sungur Savran Pdf

Politics of Permanent Crisis - Class, Ideology & State in Turkey

Author : Ergun Özbudun
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : Civil supremacy over the military
ISBN : UCSC:32106000794500

Get Book

The Role of the Military in Recent Turkish Politics by Ergun Özbudun Pdf

Author : Ahmad Feroz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2002-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134898916

Get Book

The Making of Modern Turkey by Ahmad Feroz Pdf

Textbook providing a thorough assessment of the political, social and economic processes which led to the formation of a new Turkey; socio-economic change is emphasised throughout.

Author : Frank Tachau
Publisher : Praeger Publishers
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Political Science
ISBN : UVA:X000785859

Get Book

Turkey, the Politics of Authority, Democracy, and Development by Frank Tachau Pdf

The Republic of Turkey has experienced impressive growth since its establishment in 1923 after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. Dr. Tachau presents Turkey as an intriguing case for political analysis: a Third Wold nation whose political development began some 25 years earlier than most of the rest of the Third World.

Author : Ergun Özbudun,Turkish Political Science Association
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Democracy
ISBN : UOM:39015016986393

Get Book

Perspectives on democracy in Turkey by Ergun Özbudun,Turkish Political Science Association Pdf

CHAPTER 1: DEVEWPMENT OF DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT IN TURKEY: CRISES, INTERRUPTIONS AND REEQUILIBRATIONS by Ergun Özbudun 1 The Development of Representative and Democratic Government The Ottoman Empire 2 The First Ottoman Parliament 6 The Second Constitutionalist Period (1908-1918) 8 The National Liberation Period (1918-1923) 9 The Consolidation ofthe Republic 11 Transition to MuJtiparty Politics and the Democratic Party Period 14 Turkey' s Second T ry at Democracy (1961-1980) 19 The 1980 Coup and the 1982Constitution 25 Return to Competitive Politics and the1983 Elections 28 An Appraisal 30 Theoretical Analysis 31 Political CuJture 31 Historical Development 35 Class Structure 36 State Structure and Strength 38 Political Structure 41 Political Leadershlp 43 Development Performance 43 International Factors 44 Future Prospects and Policy Implications 45 Policies Promotlng the Growth of Clv/I Soc/ety 45 Policies Promotlng Governmental Stabll/ty and Efticleney 47 Policies Promotlng Economlc Growth and Equity 49 Conclusion 51 Notes CHAPTER 2: STAGES OF POLlTICAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE TURKISH REPUBLIC by İlter Turan 59 The Consolidation of the Nation State and the Evalution of an Infrastructure for PoliticalCompetition 61 The Consolidation of the Political System 61 The Transition to Competitive Politics 64 The Democratic Party Period: The Failure of the First Turkish Experiment with Political Democracy 72 The Legacy of the Single Party 73 The Political Consequences of Economic Pol/cies 76 Growing Authoritarianism of the Democratic Party 79 The First Turkish Democraey: An Appraisal 81 The Reconstruction of the Turkish Democracy and Us Second Demise 83 The Parties and the Party System 86 The Governments 88 The Legislature and Legislators 89 The Decline of the Bureaucracy 92 The Second Turkish Democratic Experiment: An Appraisal 94 The Turkish Attempts at Democracy: Some Basic Problem s 95 The Primacy of the Collectivity 96 The Primacy of Polities 97 Political Elitism 100 The Cost of Being out of Power 103 Concluding Remarks 106 Notes 108 CHAPTER 3: POST-1980 PARTI ES AND POLITICS IN TURKEY by Üstün Ergüder 113 Maladies of the Party System During the 1980s 117 V olatility 117 Fragmentation 119 Polarization 122 The 1983 Election 126 Post-1983 Developments: The Dilemmas of the Party System 129 The 1987 Eleetion: "Reinstatement or Reform" Revisited 133 Notes 141 CHAPTER 4 THE GRAND NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF THE POST-1983 MULTI-PAR1Y ERA by Ersin Kalaycıoğlu 147 Introduction 149 The Process of Legislative Institutionalization and the Turkish Grand National Assembly 155 The House Rules and Norms: The Rules of Procedure in the TGNA 157 Procedural Rules Conceming the House Activities ot the Legislators 159 Politicaı Parties in the TGNA 164 Party Discipline in the TGNA 166 Legislative Activities and the Party Groups in the TGNA 169 The Commission Structure and Activity in the TGNA 175 Conclusion 181 Notes 184 CHAPTER 5: HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE RULE OF LAW by Ergun Özbudun 193 The Rule of Law under the Constitution of 1982 196 Human Rights 198 The Independence ot the Judiciary 202 The Constitutional Court and Judicial Review ot the Constitutionality ot Laws 203 Turkeyand the International Protectionot Human Rights 206 Notes 209.

Author : Clement Henry Dodd
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Political Science
ISBN : UOM:39015001742587

Get Book

The Crisis of Turkish Democracy by Clement Henry Dodd Pdf

Author : Yaprak Gursoy
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2017-07-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780472130429

Get Book

Between Military Rule and Democracy by Yaprak Gursoy Pdf

Examines military interventions in Greece, Turkey, Thailand, and Egypt, and the military's role in authoritarian and democratic regimes

Author : Freedom House
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 1040 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2019-01-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781538112038

Get Book

Freedom in the World 2018 by Freedom House Pdf

Freedom in the World is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The methodology of this survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories.

Author : Antonis Klapsis,Constantine Arvanitopoulos,Evanthis Hatzivassiliou,Effie G. H. Pedaliu
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2020-02-19
Category : History
ISBN : 9780429797767

Get Book

The Greek Junta and the International System by Antonis Klapsis,Constantine Arvanitopoulos,Evanthis Hatzivassiliou,Effie G. H. Pedaliu Pdf

This book examines the international dimensions of the Greek military dictatorship of 1967 to 1974 and uses it as a case study to evaluate the major shifts occurring in the international system during a period of rapid change. The policies of the major nation-states in both East and West were determined by realistic Cold War considerations. At the same time, the Greek junta, a profoundly anti-modernist force, failed to cope with an evolving international agenda and the movement towards international cooperation. Denouncing it became a rallying point both for international organizations and for human rights activists, and it enabled the EEC to underscore the notion that democracy was an integral characteristic of the European identity. This volume is an original in-depth study of an under-researched subject and the multiple interactions of a complex era. It is divided into three sections: Part I deals with the interaction of the Colonels with state actors; Part II deals with the responses of international organizations and the rising transnational human rights agenda for which the Greek junta became a totemic rallying point; and Part III compares and contrasts the transitions to democracy in Southern Europe, and analyses the different models of transition and region-building, and how they intersected with attempts to foster a European identity. The Greek dictatorship may have been a parochial military regime, but its rise and fall interacted with signifi cant international trends and can therefore serve as a salient case study for promoting a better understanding of international and European trends during the 1960s and 1970s. This book will be of much interest to students of Cold War studies, international history, foreign policy, transatlantic relations and International Relations, in general.